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	Henry Cabot Lodge - LoveToKnow 1911
		HENRY CABOT LODGE (1850-), American political leader and author, was born in Boston, Massachusetts, on the 12th of May 1850.
		He graduated at Harvard College in 1871 and at the Harvard Law School in 1875; was admitted to the Suffolk (Massachusetts) bar in 1876; and in 1876-1879 was instructor in American history at Harvard.
		His doctoral thesis at Harvard was published with essays by Henry Adams, L. Laughlin and Ernest Young, under the title Essays on AngloSaxon Land Law (1876).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Henry_Cabot_Lodge (240 words)

	Henry L. Dawes -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Henry Laurens Dawes (October 30 1816 - February 5 1903) was a (additional info and facts about United States Senator) United States Senator notable for the (additional info and facts about Dawes Act) Dawes Act.
		In the Senate he was chairman of the committee on Indian affairs, and gave much attention to the enactment of laws for the benefit of the Indians.
		Dawes died at (additional info and facts about Pittsfield, Massachusetts) Pittsfield, Massachusetts in 1903.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/he/henry_l._dawes.htm (285 words)

	Dawes Act
		The Dawes Commission, set up under an Indian Office appropriation bill in 1893, was created, not to administer the Act, but to attempt to get the tribes excluded under the Act to agree to the allotment plan.
		Against the Act were the meat-packing industry, the huge ranching associations leasing the Indian land, and the Five Civilized Tribes —all well-funded and having great influence in Washington.
		To receive the full 160 acres, women had to be married and even then, her husband received title to the land.
	www.seattleluxury.com /encyclopedia/entry/Dawes_Act (1272 words)

	Dawes Act (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Dawes Act of 1887 authorized the President of the United States to survey Indian tribal land and divide the arable area into allotments for the individual Indian.
		The Dawes Act was amended in 1891 and again in 1906, by the Burke Act.
		The Dawes Commission, set up under an Indian Office appropriation bill in 1893, was created, not to administer the Dawes Act, but to attempt to get the tribes excluded under the Dawes Act to agree to the allotment plan.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/D/Dawes-Act.htm (877 words)

	DAWES ACT PLUS
		DAWES PLUS PAGE- This page is an attempt to explain the procedure in obtaining a Dawes roll ancestor number and to clear a cloud shrouded period of history as to the reason for the DAWES ROLL.
		The Dawes roll applies only to those Indians who were removed from their original homeland through treaty, intimidation or force to Indian territory west of the Mississippi river (Oklahoma).
		The first commission consisted of Henry L. Dawes, Meredith H. Kidd of Indiana, and Archibald S. McKennon of Arkansas, and was known as the Dawes commission, from the name of its chairman.
	www.angelfire.com /la/brantley/dawes.html (2467 words)

	Chronicles of Oklahoma
		Chairmanship of that important committee in 1885 was held by Henry L. Dawes, veteran Senator from Massachusetts, the successor of Chas.
		The authority and scope of work of the Dawes Commission was greatly enlarged and the bill stated, definitely that it was the intention of Congress to form a territory of the area inhabited by the Five Nations.
		Dawes, because of ill health was unable to spend much time in the territory, and his colleagues were compelled to carry on largely without him.
	digital.library.okstate.edu /chronicles/v009/v009p071.html (10089 words)

	Invisible Commoners
		It was then the view of many eastern "philanthropists," including the Severalty Acts prime sponsor, Republican Senator Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts, life on the reservations made the Indians indolent, uninterested in their own advancement, and unfit for citizenship.
		Dawes and his fellow reformers thought that the key, underlying problem was the tradition whereby land was held in common by tribal patents.
		The Dawes Act sought to make farmers of the Indians and brought with it a supposed ideal size of farm: each Indian was allotted, at most, a quarter section of land (160 acres).
	onthecommons.org /node/604/print (780 words)

	Table of Contents and Excerpt, Holm, The Great Confusion in Indian Affairs
		Senator Henry Laurens Dawes of Massachusetts, who was to become the chief spokesman for Indian reform in Congress, openly criticized Secretary of the Interior Carl Schurz, a member of his own party and himself a reformer of great repute, for the secretary's lack of resolve in pushing an antireservation agenda.
		Dawes, firmly in the Indian reform camp since 1879, was hardly the open-minded congressional leader the Five Tribes had hoped to see.
		Richard Henry Pratt, one of the most prominent Indian reformers and head of the Indian boarding school at Carlisle, Pennsylvania, stated flatly that Indian cultures should not be "even dignified with the term." Attitudes such as Pratt's were not ordinary ethnocentrism.
	www.utexas.edu /utpress/excerpts/exholgre.html (7605 words)

	Highbeam Encyclopedia - Search Results for Dawes,
		Dawes Plan (1924) An arrangement for collecting REPARATIONS from Germany after World War I. Following the collapse of the Deutschmark and the inability of the WEIMAR REPUBLIC to pay reparations, an Allied payments commission chaired by the US financier Charles G. Dawes put forward a plan whereby...
		Dawes Plan (1924) Measure devised by a committee chaired by Charles Dawes to collect and distribute German reparations after World War I. It established a schedule of payments and arranged for a loan of 800 million marks by US banks to stabilize the German currency.
		Its aim was the reorganization of the Indian Territory by securing the assent of the chiefs to the extinguishing of tribal land titles and by allotting lands to...
	www.encyclopedia.com /SearchResults.aspx?Q=Dawes, (931 words)

	Federal Indian Policy in the Gilded Age \| John Pyne and Gloria Sesso \| OAH Magazine of History
		The purpose of this lesson plan is to encourage students to understand federal policy toward the Indians, specifically considering the Dawes Act and the emergence of the Ghost Dance.
		To analyze the ideas contained in the Dawes Act, the following questions (plus, of course, any the teacher wishes to add) need to be considered by the students dealing with all of the documents.
		Henry L. Dawes (1816-1903) represented Massachusetts in both the U.S. House and Senate for thirty-six years.
	www.oah.org /pubs/magazine/standards/pyne-sesso2.html (2843 words)

	William Rutter Dawes -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Dawes, Charles G. 30th vice president of the United States (1925–29) in the Republican administration of President Calvin Coolidge.
		It was sponsored in several sessions of Congress by Sen. Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts and finally was enacted in February 1887.
		Dawes, Charles G. For his work on the Dawes Plan, which managed Germany's reparations payments after World War I, Charles G. Dawes was a corecipient of the Nobel prize for peace in 1925, sharing the honor with British Foreign Secretary Sir Austen Chamberlain.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9029539?tocId=9029539 (606 words)

	Committee on Ways and Means, Henry L. Dawes (R-MA) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		Between 1865 and 1890, the ten chairmen who served as chairman on the Committee were primarily known for their expertise on tax issues.
		The appointment of Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts in 1871 was the exception that proved the rule.
		Dawes had not previously sat on Ways and Means, nor did he claim any expertise on tax issues.
	waysandmeans.house.gov /Legacy/portraits/1789-1898/dawes.htm (122 words)

	Henry Laurens Dawes Summary
		Henry Dawes was born near Cummington, Mass., on Oct. 30, 1816.
		He served in the lower house of the Massachusetts Legislature in 1848-1849 and 1852, was elected to one term in the state senate in 1850, and became a member of the state constitutional convention of 1853.
		Henry Laurens Dawes (October 30 1816 – February 5 1903) was a United States Senator notable for the Dawes Act.
	www.bookrags.com /Henry_Laurens_Dawes (622 words)

	The Dawes Act of 1887
		Congressman Henry Dawes of Massachusetts sponsored a landmark piece of legislation, the General Allotment Act (The Dawes Severalty Act) in 1887.
		Dawes' goal was to create independent farmers out of Indians -- give them land and the tools for citizenship.
		While Senator Dawes may have been well meaning in his intentions, the results were less than satisfactory for the Indians.
	www.nebraskastudies.org /0600/stories/0601_0200.html (450 words)

	Genealogists/Family Historians - Dawes Rolls
		Will's application to the Dawes Commission in 1900 was accepted, and he was enrolled as a member of the Cherokee Nation.
		The Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes was appointed by President Grover Cleveland in 1893 to negotiate land with the Cherokee, Creek, Choctaw, Chickasaw and Seminole tribes.
		The Dawes Rolls, also known as the "Final Rolls", are the lists of individuals who were accepted as eligible for tribal membership in the "Five Civilized Tribes": Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles.
	www.archives.gov /genealogy/tutorial/dawes (845 words)

	Day Benjamin Henry: Free Encyclopedia Articles at Questia.com Online Library
		Benjamin Henry Grierson, photographed...effectively came to an end, one day and fifty miles short...in Browns narrative is Benjamin Henry Grierson.
		Henry Ponsonby, for twenty...br/ This then was Benjamin Disraeli in his late...legendary in his own day not only for his revolutionary...
		Henry James vs. the Robber Barons: The Novelist Thought Italian Art Should Stay in England, Where It Belongs, and Not Fall into the Hands of His Countrymen
	www.questia.com /library/encyclopedia/day-benjamin-henry.jsp?l=D&p=1 (1883 words)

	Dawes, Anna Laurens -- The Day After To-Morrow: in Cornell University's Making of America
		Dawes, E. C, Col., Strength of the Confederate Army at Gettysburg.
		Dawes, E. C, Major, The Confederate Strength in the Atlanta Campaign.
		Dawes, E. C, Major, Strength of the Confederate Army at Chickamauga.
	moa.cit.cornell.edu /moa/browse.author/d.24.html (150 words)

	Catherine Rhoads (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		The Dawes Act, or General Allotment Act, was originated in 1887 by Henry L. Dawes.
		The purpose of the Dawes Act was to create private ownership of Native lands through government partitions with single individuals over age 18 receiving 80 acres and family heads receiving 160 acres each.
		The Dawes Act is a necessary part of English 240: Introduction to Native American Literature because it plays a part in the required readings including Tracks, The Surrounded, and Ceremony.
	darkwing.uoregon.edu /~bridge/2001/BRDawesAct.htm (377 words)

	The Dawes Commission-1908 OK History- Ch. 25
		The allotment of lands in severalty to the members of the tribes by the Dawes Commission, so far as the use and occupancy of the lands were concerned, reserving all minerals for the benefit of the tribes.
		The leasing by the secretary of the interior of the mineral lands of the different tribes under regulations to be prescribed by him.
		In the records of the commission might be found the history of nearly every family of the Territory that laid claim to a share in the allotment of tribal lands and funds.
	www.usgennet.org /usa/topic/historical/ok_28.htm (4869 words)

	The Black Commentator - Guest Commentary - Issue 18
		Therefore the Dawes Commission was formed, March 3, 1893, as the first step to dissolve the Indian Nations of their land.
		On June 10, 1896 Congress authorized the Dawes Commission to hear and determine the applications for all persons, including freedmen, who might apply for citizenship in the Indian Nations and to enroll the citizens.
		Henry L. Dawes LL.D. promised to bring the "Freedmen Into Perfect Equality Of Citizenship." One hundred and three years later, the Descendants of Freedmen of all 5 tribes will reconvene May 29 - June 1, 2003 to complete the unfinished business of our Ancestors.
	www.blackcommentator.com /18_guest_commentary.html (1593 words)

	Native American Five Civilized Tribes Genealogy
		On June 27, 1898, an act of Congress authorized a Commission to the Five Civilized Tribes headed by Senator Henry L. Dawes to determine who was eligible for tribal membership and land allotment.
		Finding ancestors on the Dawes Rolls is a relatively simple process if you know who you’re looking for, what tribe they are from, and where they were living around 1900.
		You can find copies of the Dawes Rolls and related documents in the LDS (Church of Jesus Christ of Latter- day Saints) Family History Library in Salt Lake City and some genealogy libraries, like the Tulsa City County Library Genealogy Center and the Muskogee Public Library.
	www.progenealogists.com /nativeamerican.htm (1631 words)

	Lesson Plans for Dawes Act Signed
		Have students read a description of the Dawes Allotment Act in their textbook or from the Nebraska Studies website (click here) and have them compare/contrast the text of "Don't Drink the Water" with the text of the Dawes Act.
		According to the provisions of the Dawes Act, land not allotted to the Indians was:
		Resolved: That the Dawes Act was the result of well-intentioned reformers who had reasonable expectations that it would improve life for American Indians.
	www.nebraskastudies.org /0600/resources/0600_1020.html (2814 words)

	dawsroll.htm
		Letter: Commissioners: Henry L. Dawes, ?ams, Bixby, (portion of an ink stamp over the first letter making it unreadable) Thomas B. Needles, C.R. Breckinridge ----- Alison L. Aylesworth Secretary Department of the Interior, Commisssion to the Five Civilized Tribes Muskogee, Indian Territory, June 5th, 1901 The Commission of Indian Affairs.
		I would respectfully state in response to your inquiry that the Commission did not undertake to have the members of the tribe revise the spelling of their names in order to secure uniformity in the roll.
		Children born subsequent to the making of the tribal roll, and then living, are designed "N.B." (Newborn), the tribal enrollment number corresponding to that of the mother on the 1897 tribal roll.
	www.usgennet.org /usa/ok/county/seminole/dawsroll.htm (654 words)

	Walter L. Williams, "United States Indian Policy and the Debate over Philippine Annexation: Implications for the ...
		Former Senator Henry L Dawes, long identified with the policy of breaking up communal landholding among Indians in favor of individual allotments, wrote an article in 1899 justifying this policy.
		While Henry Cabot Lodge, for example, held sympathetic views of Afro-Americans, he expressed nothing positive about the Indian except for the dubious compliment that he was "one of the most remarkable savage warriors" in the world.
		Walter L Williams is assistant professor of history at the University of Cincinnati.
	www.mtholyoke.edu /acad/intrel/pol270/williams.htm (8982 words)

	Dawes Commission defined CN citizenship
		Congress approved the Dawes Act in 1887 in an attempt to persuade tribes to break up their communally held lands into single lots to give to individual Indian citizens.
		The Dawes Commission, named for the commission’s first chairman Sen. Henry L. Dawes, came about via Congress’ Dawes Act of 1887 and attempted to persuade tribes to break up communally held lands into single lots to give to individual Indian citizens.
		Dawes commissioners then began visiting the Five Tribes in 1894 to persuade them to agree to an allotment plan because non-Native settlers and other interests wanted more land in Indian Territory.
	www.cherokeephoenix.org /News/News.aspx?StoryID=2489 (955 words)

	- The Dawes Commission and the Enrollment of the Creeks -Native American Indian Tribes - Over 2,000 articles on native ...
		The appropriation bill for the Office of Indian Affairs that was passed on March 3,1893, authorized the President to appoint three commissioners to negotiate with the Five Civilized Tribes to bring about the allotment in severalty of their land.
		Dawes was widely regarded as a friend of the tribes and an expert on Indian affairs.
		The secretary of the interior made the commission's goal very clear in his instructions to Dawes: "success in your negotiations will mean the total abolition of the tribal autonomy of the Five Civilized Tribes and the wiping out of the quasi-independent governments within our territorial limits.
	www.aaanativearts.com /article1257.html (1284 words)

	Newspaper Rock: 100th anniversary of land theft (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		2007 marks two anniversaries, the 120th for The Dawes Act that broke up most of the reservation lands in Indian Territory, and the 100th for the conversion of Indian Territory into the State of Oklahoma.
		Interestingly, the Five Civilized Tribes lobbied in Washington to be exempted from The Dawes Act, and so they were, appropriately under Section Eight.
		The 3 million-acre Wichita, Kiowa, Comanche, and Kiowa-Apache reservation, mostly reclaimed from Choctaws and Chickasaws, was dissolved in 1901, with the lands so allotted under The Dawes Act.
	www.bluecorncomics.com /2006/12/100th-anniversary-of-land-theft.html (713 words)

	huddleston family history and genealogy research center Ashdown Cemetery page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-01)
		So the E at the end of his names may or may not be of his choosing, and the e after Benjamin (e) may have actualy been intended as an initial or Mistaken as such at some later date.
		To The Honorable the Dawes Commission on Citizenship in the Five Cililized Tribes in the Indian Territory.
		To The Honorable the Dawes Commission on Citizenship in the Five Civilized Tribes in the Indian Territory.
	www22.brinkster.com /hfhrc/huddlestoncherokeeclaim.htm (2914 words)

	Dawes Commission
		The first commission appointed consisted of Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts, Meredith H. Kidd of Indiana and Archibald S. McKennon of Arkansas.
		"The negotiations with the Dawes Commission have demonstrated beyond- the possibility of doubt the fact that the land in common system is wrong in theory and in practice and cannot stand.
		By Act of Congress of March 2, 1895, the Dawes Commission (so called in honor of its first chairman, who, as United States Senator from Massachusetts, had manifested an active interest in Indian legislation) was increased to five members, Thomas B. Cabaniss and Alexander B. Montgomery being the new appointees.
	www.oklahomagenealogy.com /dawes_commission.htm (1221 words)

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