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	Today in History: November 10
		Henry Wirz, former commander of the infamous Confederate prison at Andersonville, Georgia, was hanged on November 10, 1865 in Washington, D.C. Swiss-born Wirz was assigned to the command at Andersonville on March 27, 1864.
		Brigadier General John Winder, commander of Confederate prisons east of the Mississippi and Wirz's superior at Andersonville, died of a heart attack the previous February.
		A military tribunal tried Wirz on charges of conspiring with Jefferson Davis to "injure the health and destroy the lives of soldiers in the military service of the United States." Several individual acts of cruelty to Union prisoners were also alleged.
	memory.loc.gov /ammem/today/nov10.html (670 words)

	Henry Wirz
		When Wirz returned to America he rejoined General John Henry Winder, who was now in charge of all Union Army prisoners east of the Mississippi.
		However, former inmates at Andersonville testified that Wirz inspected the prison every day and often warned that if any man escaped he would "starve every damn Yankee for it." When Wirz fell ill during the trial Wallace forced to attend and was brought into court on a stretcher.
		Captain Wirz planted a range of flags inside the stockade, and gave the order, just inside the gate, "that if a crowd of two hundred (that was the number) should gather in any one spot beyond those flags and near the gate, he would fire grape and canister into them.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /USACWwirz.htm (2673 words)

	st0ries.com » Blog Archive » Henry Wirz’s quest for a career ended with his becoming one of the most ...
		Henry Wirz’s quest for a career ended with his becoming one of the most infamous figures in American history
		Wirz, who by now had taken to calling himself Henry, not only chose a professionally suspect branch of medicine, he did so at a time when the northern portion of the country was experiencing a huge surplus of doctors.
		When Wirz was led out to the gallows, rows of Union troops stood in tight fonnations to witness the death of the man who had become known as the “Demon of Andersonville.” Thus ended the unfortunate life of Hemy Wirz.
	www.st0ries.com /?p=245 (0 words)

	The Trial of Major Henry Wirz
		Wirz, with great determination, but probably little tact, confronted Taylor, the departmental commander on the train to complain at great length about the difficulties that he was having in caring for the prisoners.
		Wirz's participation in the destruction of the despicable group of prisoner called "The Raiders" was not mentioned during the trial.
		Wirz was probably only brought to trial because of the death of General John Winder, who would likely have been the target of the vengeful North had he survived.
	www.texas-scv.org /histdocs_wirz.php (3993 words)

	Captain Henry Wirz
		Wirz advised that such a statement would be untrue and he would not base his freedom on a lie.
		On November 10, 1865 Wirz, guarded by four companies of soldiers, was led to the gallows in the Old Capital Prison yard before some 250 spectators who had government issued tickets.
		Wirz's neck was not broken by the fall and he writhed about as he slowly died of stangulation.
	www.angelfire.com /ga2/Andersonvilleprison/wirz.html (218 words)

	This Day in History 1865: Henry Wirz hanged
		Henry Wirz, a Swiss immigrant and the commander of Andersonville prison in Georgia, is hanged for the murder of soldiers incarcerated at his prison.
		Wirz was born in Switzerland in 1823 and immigrated to the United States in 1849.
		Wirz was charged with conspiracy to injure the health and lives of Union soldiers and murder.
	www.history.com /tdih.do?action=tdihArticleCategory&id=2383 (593 words)

	Henry Wirz - Biocrawler
		The execution of Henry Wirz before the US Capitol as the trap door is sprung
		Major Henry Wirz (1822 – November 10, 1865) was the only Confederate soldier executed in the aftermath of the American Civil War for war crimes.
		After Union general Ulysses S. Grant suspended prisoner exchanges with the Confederacy, the number of prisoners held by both sides swelled.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Henry_Wirz (122 words)

	All about Andersonville Prison, by Anthony Bruno
		Captain Wirz was born Hartmann Heinrich Wirz in Zurich, Switzerland, in November 1823.
		Wirz enlisted in the Fourth Louisiana Infantry on June 16, 1861.
		Assuming that Chickamauga was dead, Wirz told the guards to leave the body where it fell as a warning to the other prisoners.
	www.crimelibrary.com /notorious_murders/classics/andersonville/4.html (1211 words)

	Andersonville / Wirz Collection, 1864-65
		In 1864-65 Wirz was commander of the stockade (or prison interior) at the Confederate prisoner of war camp at Andersonville, Sumter County, Georgia.
		Wirz was brought to trial because Northern outrage over the prison issue demanded a scapegoat, and because as commander of the stockade he was well known to the prisoners and figured prominently in their recollections.
		Wirz was born in Zurich, Switzerland in 1823 and emigrated to the United States in 1849.
	www.rarebooks.nd.edu /digital/civil_war/topical_collections/andersonville/index.shtml (1706 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Henry Wirz
		Henry Wirz (November 1822 – November 10, 1865) was the only Confederate soldier executed in the aftermath of the American Civil War for war crimes.
		After the end of hostilities, Wirz was arrested by a contingent of federal cavalry and taken by rail to Washington, D.C., where the federal government intended to place him on trial for conspiring to impair the lives of Union prisoners of war.
		Wirz was eventually buried in the Mount Olivet Cemetery in Washington, D.C. He was survived by his wife and one daughter.
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Henry_Wirz (688 words)

	Wirz, Henry (25 Nov
		Wirz, Henry (25 Nov. 1823-10 Nov. 1865), the only Confederate officer executed as a war criminal, was born Hartmann Heinrich Wirz in Zurich, Switzerland, the son of Hans Caspar Wirz, a tailor, and Sophie Barbara Philipp.
		The Wirz "trial" lasted for three months; he was charged with murder and abuse of prisoners and of conspiring with Jefferson Davis, James Seddon, and others to murder the prisoners en masse.
		Wirz was a controversial figure, as was John Winder.
	www.libarts.ucok.edu /history/faculty/roberson/course/1483/suppl/chpXV/HenryWirz.htm (1027 words)

	Captain Henry Wirz, Confederate Hero and Martyr - A Confederate History Month Minute (9) - by Calvin E. Johnson, Jr.
		Wirz was promoted to Captain on June 12, 1862 and was first detailed to General John Winder where he was given command of a Confederate military prison in Richmond, Virginia.
		Captain Henry Wirz was unfairly charged of war crimes and it is written that no witnesses for the defense were allowed to testify.
		There is an annual memorial service to Wirz on the Sunday nearest November 10th each year in Andersonville, Georgia, at the monument to Wirz placed there by the United Daughters of the Confederacy (Georgia Division).
	www.georgiaheritagecouncil.org /site2/commentary/johnson-confederate-history-minute9.phtml (432 words)

	Henry Wirtz
		Wirz was informed by the prisoners that there were many within their ranks who would upon the slightest pretext commit murder or robbery or any other despicable deed, and from these men they sought his protection.
		On July 20, Henry Wirz did fasten and chain together several persons, soldiers of the U. (names unknown) binding the necks and feet of said soldiers closely together and compelling them to carry heavy burdens, large iron balls chained to their feet and in consequence of such treatment one of them died.
		Wirz was doomed before he was heard, and the permission to be heard according to law was denied him.
	www.usgennet.org /usa/ga/county/taylor/csa/wirtz.htm (16462 words)

	Origin of the Confederate Battleflag
		Although Wirz set about to do all he could to improve conditions and improve hospital care, many thousands died from sickness and unsanitary conditions as the prison population grew at an average of 400 a day.
		Wirz in prison with an offer of full pardon and full liberty if he would implicate either directly or indirectly the President of the Confederacy with any of the charges concerning the treatment of prisoners of war.
		Wirz listens until he is finished and then replies, "I would not become a traitor to him or anybody else to save my life".
	www.scvcamp469-nbf.com /henrywirz.htm (1017 words)

	Talk History Forum - Major Henry Wirz & War Crimes
		Wirz spoke fluent English, German and Dutch, and on the advice of General John Henry Winder, President Jefferson Davis decided to send him on a secret mission to England and France.
		During the trial a letter from Wirz was presented that showed that he had complained to his superiors about the shortage of food being provided for the prisoners.
		Wirz was found guilty on 6th November and sentenced to death.
	www.talk-history.com /forum/printthread.php?t=1211 (1294 words)

	Swiss Roots: Henry Wirz
		Wirz was born in Zurich to an old Zurich family.
		Many of the witnesses whom Wirz wanted to call in his defence were never summoned; others of them complained that "improper language" had been used to get them to provide material for the prosecution.
		Wirz was duly found guilty, and he was hanged on the same site where the Lincoln conspirators had been executed a few months earlier, and where now the US Supreme Court stands.
	history.swissroots.org /263.0.html (861 words)

	Andersonville Part II
		Henry Wirz was found guilty on the first charge of conspiring with other Confederate officials to murder the prisoners even though not a shred of evidence or testimony of any kind had been presented in support of this theory during the trial.
		Henry Wirz was remanded to his cell to await execution.
		Henry Wirz's body was buried in the yard of the Old Capitol Prison on November 10, 1865.
	www.rebelgray.com /andersonville2.htm (1840 words)

	Henry Wirz 1865 War Criminal
		Wirz was born in Zurich, Switzerland in 1822 to a middle class family.
		On the morning of November 10, 1865, Henry Wirz awoke in his cell at the Old Capitol in Washington Dc and wrote a last letter to his wife and child.
		Wirz's trial would serve for better or worse ass the model for the modern War Crimes tribunals held after world war two and other conflicts to try war criminals.
	militaryhistory.suite101.com /article.cfm/henry_wirz_1865_war_criminal (692 words)

	Henry Wirz on History Channel - Dispatch Depot Message Board (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Interestingly, Henry Wirz was the only high ranking Confederate to be executed for his actions during the war.
		I mean, henry wirz was taking direct orders from his superiors, most people in my class said he shouldn't have followed the orders, but we all know if he disobeyed them he would have been court-martialed and hanged........Yet would you kill thousands of people or risk your life to save the lives of others???
		Henry wirz was in a lose-lose situation, either way he was bound to be killed..........
	civilwartalk.com /forums/showthread.php?t=22623 (1550 words)

	Federal POW Propaganda by Gail Jarvis
		Burns states that of all the Civil War prisons, "The worst was Andersonville." Burns describes the prison’s commander, Major Henry Wirz, as "a temperish German-Swiss immigrant (who) forbade prisoners to build shelters; most lived in holes scratched in the ground, covered by a blanket.
		The trial of Major Wirz was pure theater and has been admirably dissected by attorney and former Army Captain Glen W. LaForce in his article; The Trial of Major Henry Wirz: A National Disgrace.
		Gary Waltrip states: "Ken Burns, in his companion book to the PBS television series The Civil War, says this of Henry Wirz, the commander of Andersonville: ‘On November 10, 1865, Henry Wirz, commandant of Andersonville Prison in Georgia, was hanged in the yard of the Old Capitol Prison in Washington for war crimes.
	www.lewrockwell.com /jarvis/jarvis46.html (2467 words)

	Andersonville
		Specification #5: On August 20th, 1864, Henry Wirz, an officer of the so-called Confederate States, did confine and bind with instruments of torture a soldier belonging to the Army of the United States (unknown name) and in consequence of such cruel treatment the said soldier died on the 30th day of August.
		Specification #7: On July 20, Henry Wirz did fasten and chain together several persons, soldiers of the U. (unknown names) binding the necks and feet of said soldiers closely together and compelling them to carry heavy burdens, large iron balls chained to their feet and in consequence of such treatment one of them died.
		Specification #11: July 1, 1864, Henry Wirz did incite, and urge ferocious bloodhounds to pursue, attack, wound, and tear in pieces soldiers belonging to the U. Army, and a prisoner (unknown name) was so mortally wounded that on the sixth day he died.
	home.att.net /~betsynewmark/Andersonville.html (1870 words)

	A Defense of Captain Henry Wirz
		Wirz (who actually on that day was nine hundred miles from Washington) had been prevented by that Stantonian deus ex machina, General L. Baker, from poisoning her husband.
		The hands of Captain Henry Wirz are clear of the blood of prisoners of war.
		It was certainly not the fault of poor Wirz, when in consequence of medicines being declared contraband of war by the North, the Union prisoners died for the want of the same.
	www.geocities.com /cmp_csa/Defense_of_Wirz.html (0 words)

	Henry Wirz [Archive] - Armchair General Forums
		Captain Henry Wirz, commandant of the notorious Andersonville prison camp, was executed by federal authorities at the end of the war.
		Henry Wirz was the commandant of Andersonville Prison and the only Confederate soldier convicted and executed for war crimes during the War.
		Wirz was punished for being a foreigner, a Catholic, a junior officer, and, most importantly, for being on the losing side.
	www.armchairgeneral.com /forums/archive/index.php/t-17906.html (4123 words)

	Day - 10 Confederate Heritage Month Minute - Captain Henry Wirz, Confederate Hero and Martyr
		Wirz was promoted to Captain on June 12, 1862 and was first detailed to General John Winder where he was given command of a Confederate military prison in Richmond, Virginia.
		Wirz did the best he was able to do with many Union prisoners and the little food and medicine.
		Captain Henry Wirz was unfairly charged of war crimes and it is written that no witnesses for the defense were allowed to testify.
	spofga.org /flag/2007/april/confederate_minutes_10.php (552 words)

	andersonville3
		Henry Wirz under the command of now General B. Winder made the prisoners daily life a living hell.
		Henry Wirz was found guilty of war crimes.
		It steeps the perpetrators in flest, escapeless, endless damnation." Henry Wirz was to be the only Confederate to be tried, convicted, and killed of war crimes against the Union.
	www.fortunecity.com /campus/history/683/andersonville3.htm (457 words)

	Descendants of Johannes Conrad Wirz - Wurts, etc.
		It appears that this John, and sister Charity, are indeed children of Conrad Wurts, son of the immigrant Johannes Conrad Wirz and Anna Goetschy.
		- Some of the children of Sarah Henry that are surnamed Wurts are allegedly children of George McKnight, Sarah's husband prior to marrying George Wurts in 1875.
		If you are descended from or connect to a Swiss Wirz family, I would like to hear from you.
	pages.prodigy.net /reed_wurts/cpwurts/surnames.html (1189 words)

	Wirz Family Story: THE EXECUTION OF HENRY WIRZ Free Family Story History Research - AncientFaces.com
		Wirz said no more, but drew a revolver and shot the man. After he was killed the guard took from the body about twenty or thirty dollars, and Wirz took the money from the guard and rode off, telling the guard to take me to prison.
		I recollect also that once there was a man amongst them who told me he was a hospital steward in our army; I spoke to Captain Wirz about it, and the man was immediately sent to the hospital as a steward; he was paroled and was not sent into the stockade at all.
		Captain Wirz planted a range of flags inside the stockade, and gave the order, just inside the gate, "that if a crowd of two hundred (that was the number) should gather in any one spot beyond those flags and near the gate, he would fire grape and canister into them.
	www.ancientfaces.com /research/story/385493 (2701 words)

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