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	Henryk Zygalski
		Henryk Zygalski was a Polish mathematician and cryptologist.
		A student of the Mathematical Institute at the University in Poznan, he was given in 1929, along with twenty-odd of his fellow-students, a rudimentary training in codebreaking during a special course, organized by the military.
		It was located in a vault in the Army's regional command post in the outskirts of Poznan - a building built by Kaiser Wilhelm II as the official residence for the Crown Prince.
	info-poland.buffalo.edu /web/sci_health/math/Zygalski/link.shtml (406 words)

	Virtual Bletchley Park
		It included Jerzy Rozycki, Henryk Zygalski and Marian Rejewski (all of whom were products of the notable flowering of Polish mathematics in the 1920s and 1930s).
		Zygalski realised that whether this occurred or not depended on the wheel order and the start position, therefore inversely if it did occur it implied one of a set of possible Enigma configurations.
		Zygalski realised that the analysis of the vast amount of information required could be achieved by a grill method using perforated sheets.
	www.codesandciphers.org.uk /virtualbp/poles/poles.htm (1528 words)

	Informat.io on Marian Rejewski
		Rejewski and fellow students Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Różycki were among the few who could keep up with the course while balancing the demands of their normal studies.
		Rejewski and Zygalski were sent to Nice on 11 November, which was in a zone occupied by the Italians.
		On 16 August Rejewski and Zygalski were inducted as privates into the Polish Army and employed at cracking German SS and SD hand ciphers at Boxmoor.
	www.informat.io /?title=marian-rejewski (5888 words)

	enigma
		Rejewski, Zygalski and Rozycki started breaking the Enigma cipher when in Poznan, a rural college town in the Prussian section of pre-War Poland.
		Henryk Zygalski remained in England, where he taught at Battersea Technical College.
		The best graduates were: Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski who could work simultaneously at the University and at the General Staff's Ciphers Office without any problems.
	www.polamjournal.com /Library/APHistory/enigma/enigma.html (2848 words)

	Polish breackdown
		On September 1, 1932, Rejewski and his two somewhat younger colleagues, Jerzy Rozycki, and Henryk Zygalski began work as regular employees at the Cipher Bureau in Warsaw.
		The Polish resources were severely strained, as now 60 sets of Zygalski sheets and 60 bomby (at a cost of 1.5 million zlotych, about $350,000) would have been required.
		Henryk Zygalski decided to remain in England after the War, where he died in 1978.
	www.ma.hw.ac.uk /~foss/valentin/Polish_breackdown.html (2690 words)

	Henryk Zygalski (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Henryk Zygalski was one of the three chosen with Marian Rejewski and Jerzy Rozycki.
		After the war, Henryk Zygalski remained in England, where he taught for a time at Battersea Technical College.
		Henryk Zygalski lived at Greenwood, the house opposite Peacewood throughout the late 1970's until his death from a stroke in 1978 while in Plymouth.
	www.zen21954.zen.co.uk.cob-web.org:8888 /farther%20Common/henryk_zygalski.htm (1188 words)

	Marian Rejewski
		Born in Bydgoszcz, Rejewski was a fellow of Poznan University[?] and a member of Polish military intelligence.
		He formed a group with Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski[?], who broke the cipher of Enigma machine and built a working replica in the 1930s.
		The British and Americans later used information gathered by Rejewski to aid their own attempts to decipher Enigma messages.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ma/Marian_Rejewski.html (114 words)

	The Enigma Timeline - 1930's
		The Enigma is broken by Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Rozicki
		He enlists the help of two Polish mathematicians Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Rozicki.
		Zygalski invents a method of cryptanalysis using perforated sheets.
	oregonstate.edu /~howeljen/CS295/1930/1933.php (76 words)

	[No title]
		On September 1, 1932, Rejewski and his two somewhat younger colleagues, Jerzy Rozycki, and Henryk Zygalski began work as regular employees at the Cipher Bureau (Biuro Szyfrow) in Warsaw which was part of 2nd Section (Military Intelligence) of the General Staff.
		To be sure they were first all given, along with twenty-odd their fellow-students, a rudimentary training in code breaking during a special course, organized by the military.
		Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki, Henryk Zygalski and other cryptoanalysts from BS4, broke into Kriegsmarine code in November 1932.
	www.angelfire.com /scifi2/rsolecki/marian_rejewski.html (1235 words)

	Historical Background
		At the Biuro Szyfrow, three brilliant cryptanalysts, Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Rozicki, succeeded in breaking the Enigma in 1933.
		Zygalski invented a cryptanalytical method using perforated sheets which exploited the German procedural error of repeating the encipherment of the message-setting.
		In fact this is precisely what occurred in May 1940 after which the Polish bomby and the perforated Zygalski sheets were suddenly rendered useless.
	www.ellsbury.com /enigma1.htm (690 words)

	Tajemnica Enigmy
		Meanwhile Rejewski, Różycki, and Zygalski, were already working on the commerce version of the Enigma.
		Also Zygalski made sheets, that helped figure out the order of the rotors w the Germans changed their way of coding.
		After the war, Henryk Zygalski worked in London as a professor.
	polonijka.com /enigmaa.htm (1719 words)

	Virtual Bletchley Park (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Thus the distribution of letters resulting from a decryption can be used to determine if the correct decryption configuration has been found, and this test can be mechanised thus allowing rapid testing of configurations.
		The only realy successful attacks were by Marian Rejewski and Henryk Zygalski, the famous Polish mathematicians and code breakers.
		Henryk Zygalski came to the rescue with his netz or grill method.
	www.codesandciphers.org.uk.cob-web.org:8888 /anoraks/vulns.htm (812 words)

	Polish pilots in RAF - Military Images Photos Pictures Forums
		In december 1932 polish matematic-criptic team (Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski) from University Poznan was cracking the German Enigma Code.
		When war was started Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski was evacueted to France with all equiptment from polish center cryptic from Pyry.
		In 1943 Marian Rejewski and Henryk Zygalski were escaped to England.
	www.militaryimages.net /forums/showthread.php?t=32 (523 words)

	Breaking ENIGMA: A Polish Contribution
		Only one year later, in 1933, three brilliant Polish cryptanalists (Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Rozycki) succeeded in breaking the Enigma codes.
		The code-breaking process was enabled by mathematical calculations, Zygalskiís perforated sheets and two machines: a cyclometer and Rejewskiís bomba, named after an ice-cream cone by Rozycki.
		As for Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Rozycki, I am not sure what their fate was.
	www.canadafreepress.com /2006/dastych021406.htm (1000 words)

	Solving the Enigma - History of the Cryptanalytic Bombe
		Henryk Zygalski developed a way to compare the message indicators.
		On his own, he reinvented the series of perforated sheets that Henryk Zygalski had developed for the Poles.
		Poland had turned this achievement over to Britain at the same time as the Bomba, and BP was already creating new sheets for five rotors.
	www.nsa.gov /publications/publi00016.cfm (12382 words)

	What A Cracking Job: The Sum :: Count On's Online Maths Newspaper (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Polish historians say mathematicians Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski cracked the code in 1933 and gave Britain and France replicas of the Enigma encoding machine in July 1939, just before War broke out.
		Rozycki was killed in 1940 near the Balearic Islands, Zygalski died in 1978 in Britain and Rejewski died two years later in Warsaw.
		They were honoured last July with posthumous decorations that were given to their families.
	www.mathsyear2000.org /thesum/issue-04/issue-04-page-02.htm (379 words)

	Legal Tyranny - The Story Behind U571 - Chapter 7, The Code is Broken (Temporarily)
		For one weekend, Polish code breakers had an opportunity to thoroughly study an Enigma machine - before it was carefully repackaged for Monday morning pickup.
		As a result of this examination, three Polish mathematicians (Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki, and Henryk Zygalski) discovered that the Enigma's keyboard was wired in alphabetical order, not keyboard order.
		With that discovery in hand, they created a decoder machine, called, La Bomba (because it was cylindrical, like a bomb) which helped the Poles trace Nazi naval, air and land movements.
	www.lawbuzz.com /tyranny/u571/u571_ch7.htm (377 words)

	BletchleyPark.net - Poland Bombe
		By 1928 Germany had made their Enigma machine more sophisticated such that frequency counts were futile.
		By 1932, after the Poles attempted to work on a commercial Enigma machine and failed, their cipher bureau, the Biuro Szyfrow, acquired many mathematicians, among them were Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski.
		Up until the Enigma era, it was thought that the best cryptanalysts were linguists but surely and quickly mathematicians took over as the primary role of cryptanalysts, because of the electromechanical nature of Enigma.
	www.bletchleypark.net /stationx/poland.html (837 words)

	Perforated sheets - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab2.netlab.uky.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The "perforated sheets" were invented about October 1938 by Polish Cipher Bureau cryptologist Henryk Zygalski, and accordingly are sometimes known as Zygalski sheets.
		The Cipher Bureau's manual manufacture of the sheets, which was done by the mathematician-cryptologists themselves, was very time-consuming; by December 15, 1938, only one-third of the job had been completed.
		In late July 1939, a month before the outbreak of World War II, the Polish General Staff's Cipher Bureau disclosed to their French and British allies, at Warsaw, their cryptologic achievements in breaking Enigma ciphers.
	en.wikipedia.org.cob-web.org:8888 /wiki/Perforated_sheets (544 words)

	Scherbius' Enigma
		It started making attempts to analyse and break the Enigma and was assisted by documents passed to them by the French stolen by a German spy named Hans-Thilo Schmidt.
		With his help and years of intensive and ingenious work three brilliant cryptanalysts, Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Rozicki, succeeded in breaking the Enigma in 1933.
		They developed a machine called the Bomba, that made the process of codebreaking even faster.
	cs-exhibitions.uni-klu.ac.at /index.php?id=282 (608 words)

	Learning About the Enigma Machine: Polish Work
		During the 1930’s, Polish mathematicians worked to determine the inner wiring of the rotors without having the rotors themselves.
		The names of some of these mathematicians were Marian Rejewski, Henryk Zygalski and Jerzy Rozycki.
		Here, in a nutshell, is the mathematical reasoning that was done to deduce the wiring of the rotors.
	www.gvsu.edu /math/enigma/polish.htm (827 words)

	Henryk Zygalski - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Enigma "doubles" • Grill • Clock • Cyclometer • Card catalog • Cryptologic bomb • Zygalski sheets • Lacida
		He worked there with fellow Poznań University alumni and Cipher Bureau cryptology-course graduates Marian Rejewski and Jerzy Różycki.
		Władysław Kozaczuk, Enigma: How the German Machine Cipher Was Broken, and How It Was Read by the Allies in World War II, edited and translated by Christopher Kasparek, Frederick, MD, University Publications of America, 1984.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Henryk_Zygalski (330 words)

	Enigma Secret (VHS), Polandia, Film/Video\|Drama, VHS Video Tape (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Po kilkuletniej pracy w poznanskiej Ekspozyturze Biura Szyfrow trzej matematycy- -kryptolodzy: Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki, Henryk Zygalski, zostaja przeniesieni do Warszawy i rozpoczynaja dzialalnosc w osrodku deszyfrazu w Pyrach, pod dowodztwem Langera.
		Rezyseria/Director: Roman Wionczek ; Scenarius/Screenplay: Stanislaw Strumph-Wojtkiewicz, Roman Wionczek ; Zdjecia/Photography: Jacek Zygadlo ; Muzyka/Music: Jerzy Maksymiuk, Henryk KuZniak ; Scenografia/Scenography: Elzbieta Karwanska, Zenon Rozewicz, Jerzy Maslowski ;
		Obsada/Cast: Tadeusz Borowski (magister Marian Rejewski), Piotr Fronczewski (magister Jerzy Rozycki), Piotr Garlicki (magister Henryk Zygalski), Janusz Zakrzenski (pulkownik Gwido Langer), Tadeusz Plucinski (inzynier Antoni Palluth), Andrzej Szczepkowski (pulkownik Gustaw Bertrand), Wojciech Duryasz (mechanik Fokczynski), Andrzej Lajborek (pulkownik Abwehry Heinz Hoeger), Ewa Borowik, Halina Golanko, Jolanta Wollejko, Henryk Bista, Emil Karewicz.
	www.worldlanguage.com /Indonesian/Products/4434.htm (509 words)

	Britain.tv Wikipedia - Cadix
		To use our search tool, type in your search term with an underscore between the words!
		Maksymilian CiÄÅ¼ki â¢ Jan GraliÅski â¢ Jan Kowalewski â¢ Gwido Langer â¢ StanisÅaw LeÅniewski â¢ Stefan Mazurkiewicz â¢ Wiktor MichaÅowski â¢ Antoni Palluth â¢ Franciszek Pokorny â¢ Marian Rejewski â¢ Jerzy RÃ³Å¼ycki â¢ WacÅaw SierpiÅski â¢ Piotr SmoleÅski â¢ Henryk Zygalski
		Cadix was the codename of a World War II clandestine Allied intelligence center that operated at UzÃ¨s, on the Mediterranean coast in southern, Vichy France, for over two years, from September 1940 to November 9, 1942.
	www.britain.tv /wikipedia.php?title=Cadix (152 words)

	City man does his part to right history: 9/21/02
		Polish Prime Minister Jerzy Buzek was presented with an Enigma encoding machine taken from a captured Nazi submarine as "a symbol of our gratefulness and thanks."
		Piwowarczyk has waged a personal war for several years now to have Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski recognized for their efforts in cracking the code in 1933 and for giving Britain and France replicas of the Enigma encoding machine in July of 1939.
		Piwowarczyk has spent the past two years in a letter-writing campaign to government officials, Associated Press news bureaus, newspapers and even the Encyclopaedia Brittanica to get the Poles recognized for their contributions.
	www.southcoasttoday.com /daily/09-02/09-21-02/a04lo026.htm (558 words)

	BBC News \| EUROPE \| UK gives Enigma machine to Poles
		Mr Buzek said he was "greatly satisfied" that the UK officially recognised that Enigma was decoded by the Poles.
		Polish historians say three Polish mathematicians - Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski - broke the Enigma code in 1933.
		In July 1939, just before the war, Poland gave Britain and France replicas of the Enigma encoding machine, helping the Allies decipher secret Nazi messages.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/europe/930873.stm (445 words)

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