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Topic: Heparin

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	HEPARIN FRAGMENTS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		HEPARIN SODIUM, END-AMIDATED [HN-0362] is derived from heparin sodium of porcine intestinal mucosa by periodate oxidation and coupling of the terminal aldehydes with ethylene diamine under reducing conditions.
		Thus, unsulfated uronic acid residues in heparin are susceptible to periodate or Smith degradation with formation of polysaccharides having aldehydes as reducing terminal groups.
		Heparin containing aldehyde moieties will undergo reversible Schiff-base reactions with organic amines, and if treated with sodium cyanoborohydride the Schiff base intermediate is reduced to its corresponding amine forming an irreversible bond.
	www.heparin.com /heparin_fragments.html (861 words)

	Heparin Pharmacology, Pharmacokinetics, Studies, Metabolism - Heparin - RxList Monographs
		Heparin sodium inhibits reactions that lead to the clotting of blood and the formation of fibrin clots both in vitro and in vivo.
		Heparin sodium also prevents the formation of a stable fibrin clot by inhibiting the activation of the fibrin stabilizing factor.
		Loglinear plots of heparin sodium plasma concentrations with time, for a wide range of dose levels, are linear, which suggests the absence of zero order processes.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/heparin_cp.htm (308 words)

	The Analyst - Internet Health Report: Treatment: Heparin
		Heparin is a natural product, available by prescription, which is used as an anticoagulant.
		Heparin is used to prevent the formation of blood clots and in circumstances to help dissolve blood clots already formed, such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and other situations involving excessive blood clotting.
		Heparin or another anticoagulant may be used as the primary blood thinner.
	www.digitalnaturopath.com /treat/T289377.html (379 words)

	* Heparin - (Pregnancy & Parenting): Definition
		Heparin a "blood thinner" given as an injection to prevent blood clots from forming.
		The nurse asked me to go back to my room to get the heparin lock, because Dr. B was coming in to check me.I had been there almost 5 hours and was anxious to see what the doctor had to say, but I didn't really feel like I had progressed much.
		Heparin (another blood thinner medication) can be used instead and does not cause problems for your baby.
	en.mimi.hu /pregnancy/heparin.html (308 words)

	MedlinePlus Drug Information: Heparin (Systemic) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Heparin is often used as a treatment for certain blood vessel, heart, and lung conditions.
		Heparin is also used to prevent blood clotting during open-heart surgery, bypass surgery, and dialysis.
		Heparin Lock Flush solution is used to prevent clots from forming in a venous catheter.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/druginfo/uspdi/202280.html (1523 words)

	Heparin dosing review
		Unfractionated heparin is the cornerstone for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism.
		When heparin is given by continuous IV infusion and the dose is regulated with an appropriate clotting time test, the incidence of serious hemorrhage is reduced and therapeutic efficacy is assured.
		Heparin has traditionally been dosed with an IV bolus dose of 5,000 to 10,000 units of heparin, followed by an infusion of 1,000 units per hour.
	www.rxkinetics.com /heparin.html (2060 words)

	Interstitial Cystitis Association - Treatment Options - Heparin
		Heparin is a compound that has both anti-inflammatory and surface protective actions.
		Heparin can mimic the activity of the bladder’s mucous lining, temporarily "repairing" the GAG layer, which may be defective in IC.
		A heparin solution of 10,000 units diluted with saline solution is instilled intravesically daily, and held in the bladder for 20 to 30 minutes.
	www.ichelp.com /TreatmentAndSelfHelp/Heparin.html (381 words)

	NGC - NGC Summary
		In patients with venous thromboembolism or unstable angina, the dose of heparin is usually adjusted to maintain aPTT at an intensity equivalent to a heparin level of 0.2 to 0.4 U/mL as measured by protamine titration or an anti-factor Xa level of 0.30 to 0.7 U/mL.
		Heparin in a fixed low dose of 5,000 U SC every 8 or 12 hours is an effective and safe form of prophylaxis in medical and surgical patients at risk of venous thromboembolism.
		Heparin is sometimes given as an alternative to oral anticoagulation perioperatively in patients with chronic AF who are undergoing elective surgery, but no consensus has emerged regarding when and how to substitute heparin in this situation.
	www.guideline.gov /summary/summary.aspx?doc_id=5364&nbr=3667 (9290 words)

	Heparin Injection - Drugs & Vitamins - Drug Library - DrugDigest
		Heparin helps to treat or prevent clots in the veins, arteries, lungs, or the heart, and to prevent clotting during open-heart surgery, dialysis, or in very sick patients who stay in bed.
		Heparin is given by injection or infusion into a vein by a health-care professional in a hospital.
		Heparin also can be given by injection of small amounts under the skin in the hospital, clinic, or home-care setting.
	www.drugdigest.org /DD/DVH/Uses/0,3915,315\|Heparin%2BInjection,00.html (756 words)

	heparin Consumer Drug Information
		Heparin is used to treat and prevent blood clot formation in patients with active blood clots in an artery, vein, or lung; prior to surgery if the risk of a blood clot is high; in patients with atrial fibrillation (irregular heartbeats); and in patients with chronic blood clotting disorders.
		Heparin is generally used as an injection, either intravenously (into a vein), or subcutaneously (under the skin).
		Heparin may also be used as a "flush" when it is used to clear (flush) IV lines or catheters to keep them open and flowing between medication administrations.
	www.drugs.com /mtm/heparin.html (1294 words)

	Heparin Online, Description, Chemistry, Ingredients, Blackbox - Heparin - RxList Monographs
		Heparin is a heterogeneous group of straight-chain anionic mucopolysaccharides, called glycosaminoglycans having anticoagulant properties.
		In heparin sodium, the acidic protons of the sulfate units are partially replaced by sodium ions.
		Heparin Sodium Injection, USP is a sterile solution of heparin sodium derived from bovine lung tissue, standardized for anticoagulant activity.
	www.rxlist.com /cgi/generic/heparin.htm (255 words)

	Interesting Facts About Heparin
		Heparin is another example of a pharmacognosy drug since it comes from natural sources.
		Heparin is a naturally occurring substance that our bodies produce to prevent clotting.
		The most frequent use of heparin has probably been to prevent post-operative thrombi, but it is also widely employed to lessen the coagulability of the blood in a variety of other circumstances.
	www.drugstoremuseum.com /sections/level_info2.php?level_id=199&level=2 (511 words)

	Heparin Derivatives
		Heparin is a complex polysaccharide composed of repeating disaccharides of uronic acid -> glucosamine.
		Over Sulfated Heparin is a derivative in which all primary hydroxyls in glucosamine residues and a large proportion of secondary hydroxyl groups in disaccharide units have been substituted by O-sulfate esters.
		Carboxyl-Reduced Heparin is a derivative in which the carboxyl group of uronic acid residues of heparin have been reduced to alcohols.
	www.heparinoids.com /hepa-deri.html (434 words)

	Heparin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Heparin is a natural product, available by prescription, which is used as an anticoagulant (slows the rate of blood clot formation).
		Heparin is used to prevent formation of blood clots (after surgery and in other settings) and in circumstances to help dissolve blood clots already formed (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and other situations involving excessive blood clotting).
		Heparin may interfere with activation of vitamin D in the body.
	www.kroger.com /hn/Drug/Heparin.htm (721 words)

	Medtronic Cardiovascular Surgery - Arrested Heart - T2T Heparin Biocompatible Surfaces
		heparin biocompatible surfaces mimic critical characteristics of vascular endothelium for thromboresistance and biocompatibility.
		Heparin biosurfaces mimic critical properties of the vascular endothelium for thromboresistance and biocompatibility.
		Heparin biosurfaces are the best-researched biosurface technology for cardiopulmonary bypass, with more than 500 studies published to date.
	www.medtronic.com /cardsurgery/arrested_heart/t2t.html (240 words)

	Inhalable Heparin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Heparin is a glycosaminoglican used in prophylactic and treatment of thrombosis.
		Heparin deserves further investigations in large number of subjects to provide further insight into the pathophysiology of asthma.
		Heparin may also be of clinical importance and may form the basis of novel therapeutic approaches.
	www.islet.org /forum024/messages/21060.htm (379 words)

	Article #2538, Can Lean Body Mass Be Used to Reduce the Dose of Heparin and Protamine for Obese Patients Undergoing ...
		The convention for heparin dose dictates that a bolus of 300 IU heparin per kilogram of total body weight (TBW) is administered before CPB.
		At the end of the procedure, protamine is administered to neutralize heparin and achieve hemostasis.
		Our results indicate that with care, a reduction of as much as 25% in the doses of heparin (p = 0.0001) and protamine can be achieved for a substantial number of patients classified as overweight or obese.
	www.perfusion.com /cgi-bin/absolutenm/anmviewer.asp?a=2538&z=8 (338 words)

	Heparin
		Heparin is a sulphated glycosaminoglycan, which occurs in various mammalian tissues including liver, lung and intestine.
		NZP\'s heparin is of porcine intestinal mucosa origin and is manufactured to the standards of the US and British Pharmacopoeia and also to those of the Australian Therapeutic Goods Authority.
		Heparin is sealed in two polyethylene liners and packed in 5 or 10 kg plastic pails.
	www.nzp.co.nz /products.php?cid=1&pid=15 (179 words)

	ACS :: Heparin a Better Choice for Cancer Patients with Blood Clots
		A new study suggests low-molecular weight heparin may be more effective at treating blood clots in cancer patients than the commonly used anti-clotting drug warfarin (Coumadin).
		In the past, heparin was difficult to use because it required very careful monitoring.
		Even when warfarin is going to be used to treat a patient with a blood clot, heparin is usually given for the first few days because it works immediately.
	www.cancer.org /docroot/NWS/content/NWS_1_1x_Heparin_a_Better_Choice_for_Cancer_Patients_with_Blood_Clots.asp (735 words)

	Drug InfoNet - Heparin - [autoimmune-related-diseases]
		Answer: Heparin is a powerful anticoagulant which was discovered in 1916 and isolated in 1922 by McLean and Howell respectively.
		Heparin is found in mast cells for the body.
		Comercially, it is isolated from pig intestine or cow lung, although it is present in all the organs of the body which contain the mast cells (including the kidney).
	www.druginfonet.com /index.php?pageID=faq/new/DISEASE_FAQ/Heparin.htm (245 words)

	LOVENOXÂ® Heparin Therapy
		It is used to reduce the risk of abnormal clotting and is given to you by your healthcare professional to reduce the risk of harmful blood clots forming or moving in patients that are at risk for developing clots.
		Heparin is usually given to the patient in the hospital by intravenous injection (IV) or continuous IV drip for a period of time.
		When you get heparin by IV drip, it is important for your healthcare professional to check regularly that the amount of heparin you are receiving is appropriate by taking small blood samples for special testing.
	www.lovenox.com /consumer/dvtBloodClotInformation/heparinTherapy.aspx (578 words)

	heparin drug information, heparin side effects
		Heparin is used to decrease the clotting ability of the blood and to help prevent harmful clots from...
		Heparin occurs in and is obtained from liver...
		Heparin is used to treat and prevent blood clot formation in patients...
	www.drugs.com /sch/heparin (515 words)

	Frequently Asked Questions About Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)
		In clinical use for over 50 years,[15,16] heparin is an important and widely used anticoagulant for the prophylaxis or treatment of thromboembolic disease as well as numerous other applications (Table 1).
		Heparin use is widespread and on the rise[3]
		[3,14] Heparin binds to platelet factor 4 (PF4), forming a highly reactive antigenic complex on the surface of platelets and on endothelial cell surfaces, thereby increasing the number of targets for heparin-dependent antibodies.
	www.argatroban.com /hit_faqs.htm (1118 words)

	Heparin Sodium
		When used intravenously, heparin should be first given as a loading dose with a bolus of 5000 units.
		To maintain a constant ratio of blood and heparin, in a 24 hour period, 10,000~20,000 units with added 1000 ml 5% glucose solution or 0.9% of sodium chloride can be used in intravenous application of 20 drops per minute.
		The use of intravenous application of protamine for neutralizing heparin sodium should not exceed 20 mg per minute.
	www.alternativehealing.org /heparin_sodium.htm (643 words)

	TIGC - Establishing Therapeutic Range for Heparin
		Heparin is a widely used drug for the treatment and prevention of venous thromboembolism.
		The most common approach is to spike varying concentrations of heparin into normal pooled plasma, and measure the APTT of the plasma samples with these known concentrations of heparin.
		The heparin level is plotted on the X axis and the APTT values on the Y axis.
	www.tigc.org /eguidelines/estabtherrange04.htm (533 words)

	Hypercoagulationn and Heparin - A Second Look
		Low dose heparin utilized in hospitalized patients through the practice of heparin in intravascular catheters may transform the yeast into a life threatening pathogen1.
		The use of heparin raises the cytokines TNF alpha1 and IL-6 1 in addition to Phospholipase A 2.4, 5, 6.
		Heparin injection into the adult rat hippocampus induces seizures in the absence of macroscopic abnormalities.
	www.springboard4health.com /notebook/health_hypercoagulation_hep.html (245 words)

	Heparin May Reduce Cancer's Spread
		The drug, called heparin, appears to prevent blood cells from sticking to tumor cells that are migrating through the bloodstream.
		This study, however, demonstrates that heparin acts differently from the drugs taken orally, and it is this different action that is responsible for its potential ability to discourage the spread of cancer throughout the body.
		During their travels though the bloodstream, these tumor cells are protected from the body's immune system because platelets -- one of many types of cells in the bloodstream -- stick to them and prevent the immune system from recognizing them.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/31/1728_74537 (388 words)

	Heparin
		Potassium supplements, potassium-containing salt substitutes (No Salt®, Morton Salt Substitute®, and others), and even high-potassium foods (primarily fruit) should be avoided by persons on heparin therapy, unless directed otherwise by their doctor.
		There is one case report of a patient taking warfarin in whom bleeding occurred after the addition of ginkgo.
		For the convenience of the reader, the information in the summary is categorized as follows: “Depletion or interference” indicates the drug may deplete or interfere with the absorption or function of the supplement or herb.
	www.gianteagle.com /healthnotes/Drug/Heparin.htm (744 words)

	Drug InfoNet - Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia - [autoimmune-related-diseases]
		These individuals will have massive lowering of their platelets with minimal doses of heparin often that amount necessary to keep catheters from clotting.
		The second variety is dose-associated and the platelet drop is usually related to the dose of heparin the patient is receiving.
		Treatment is cessation of the heparin - use of other anti-coagulants such as dextran are necessary if acute anti-coagulation is necessary.
	www.druginfonet.com /index.php?pageID=faq/new/DISEASE_FAQ/Heparin_Induced_Thrombocytopenia.htm (266 words)

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