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Topic: Hepatitis C virus

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Hepatitis B Hepatitis B infection is caused by the hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B is a contagious liver infection caused by hepatitis B virus. For example, hepatitis B can be transmitted from an infected mother to her baby at birth, through unprotected sex with an infected person, by sharing equipment for injecting street drugs, and by occupational contact with blood in a health-care setting. www.astdhpphe.org /infect/hepb.html   (1032 words)

Hepatitis B Virus, Hepatitis B Virus Infection, HBV Infection Hepatitis B is the only human representative of a family of DNA viruses (Herpadnaviradae) of which related viruses have been found in woodchucks, Peking ducks and ground squirrels. HBV infection in these areas usually occurs at a young age - in China and S.E.Asia the virus is usually acquired perinatally from a carrier mother whereas in Africa, the infection tends to be acquired in early childhood through horizontal spread of the virus. Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) is normally used in combination with hepatitis B vaccine to confer passive and active immunity after exposure. virology-online.com /viruses/HepatitisB.htm   (6591 words)

Hepatitis B Virus Biology -- Seeger and Mason 64 (1): 51 -- Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews Hepatitis B antigens in serum and liver of chimpanzees acutely infected with hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes transient and chronic infections of the liver. Hepadnaviruses (hepatitis B viruses) cause transient and chronic infections of the liver. mmbr.asm.org /cgi/content/full/64/1/51   (10737 words)

Hepatitis B Virus Hepatitis B (HBV) is a double-stranded DNA virus, originally called the "Dane particle." The disease it caused had various names, including serum hepatitis, homologous serum jaundice, and long incubation period hepatitis. The hepatitis B antibody (also known as the B surface antigen and the hepatitis B surface antigen) is known to cover most of the B subtypes as well. The hepatitis B vaccine is recommended for all newborn infants, but the injections have caused some serious side effects, including chronic fatigue syndrome, seizures, such autoimmune diseases as arthritis and lupus, plus neurological dysfunctions. www.innvista.com /HEALTH/MICROBES/viruses/hepatb.htm   (1216 words)

Hepatitis B Virus Infection - BC HealthFile #25a Hepatitis B virus infection is a disease caused by a virus that attacks the liver. Hepatitis B virus is not spread by sneezing, coughing, hugging or using the same dishes or cutlery. Hepatitis B vaccine is not given if there is a history of shock-like allergic reaction called anaphylaxis to any component of the vaccine, to a previous dose of hepatitis B vaccine, or to latex. www.bchealthguide.org /healthfiles/hfile25a.stm   (1319 words)

Hepatitis B virus pre-C mutants: epidemiology and treatment Hepatitis B virus DNA in the sera of HBsAg carriers: a marker of active hepatitis B virus replication in the liver. Different hepatitis B virus genotypes are associated with different mutations in the core promoter and precore regions during hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion. Efficacy of lamivudine in patients with hepatitis B e antigennegative/hepatitis B virus DNA-positive (precore mutant) chronic hepatitis B.Lamivudine Precore Mutant Study Group. www.bmlweb.org /mondor_hepat_998.html   (1187 words)

Aidsmap Hepatitis B HBV is most common in China, southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, where between 10 and 20% of the population may have been infected with hepatitis B. In western Europe and the United States, 0.1 to 0.2% of the population are infected with the hepatitis B virus. Chu C and Liaw F. Genotype C hepatitis B virus infection is associated with a higher risk of reactivation of hepatitis B and progression to cirrhosis than genotype B: a longitudinal study of hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients with normal aminotransferase levels at baseline. Hepatitis B is usually transmitted through contact with blood, semen, vaginal fluids or saliva of a hepatitis B virus-infected person. www.aidsmap.com /en/docs/5C509E1C-7894-4D63-99DA-8A12BD47D1E4.asp   (9008 words)

Hepatitis B Virus Hepatitis B virus causes both acute and chronic liver infections in man. An unusual feature is the prolonged viraemia, lasting for up to several months in acute infections and for many years (even for life) in chronic infections. A diagrammatic representation of the hepatitis B virion and the surface antigen components The surface antigen is generally produced in vast excess, and is found in the blood of infected individuals in the form of filamentous and spherical particles. web.uct.ac.za /depts/mmi/stannard/hepb.html   (192 words)

Hepatitis B virus This photograph is an electronmicroscopic image of hepatitis B virus particles. Hepatitis B is also known as serum hepatitis and is spread through blood and sexual contact. It is seen with increased frequency among intravenous drug users who share needles and among the homosexual population. www.stv.org /adam/encyclopedia/imagepages/1031.htm   (118 words)

Hepatitis D Virus, Delta Agent, HDV Infection, Hepatitis D Virus Infection Delta infection is associated with both acute and chronic hepatitis, always in the presence of hepatitis B, and superinfection in a HBV carrier can lead to exacerbation of severe hepatitis. The damage caused by the delta agent is probably due to a direct cytopathic effect of the virus, in contrast to HBV where the damage is thought to be immunologically mediated. In practice, the Delta antigen/antiboby system behaves in a similar way to the core antigen/antibody system of Hepatitis B. Coinfection with HBV is necessary for the Delta agent. virology-online.com /viruses/HepatitisD.htm   (118 words)

eMedicine - Hepatitis D : Article by Sean R Lacey, MD Background: Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is an RNA virus that is structurally unrelated to hepatitis A, B, or C virus. HDV antigen immunohistochemical analysis of liver tissue is the criterion standard for establishing a diagnosis of persistent HDV infection. HDV infection is not associated with a sex predilection. www.emedicine.com /med/topic994.htm   (118 words)

Hepatitis D (Delta) Virus HDV is a defective single-stranded RNA virus that requires the helper function of HBV to replicate. HDV requires HBV for synthesis of envelope protein composed of HBsAg, which is used to encapsulate the HDV genome. www.medhelp.org /NIHlib/GF-681.html   (118 words)

Dr. John Taylor: Hepatitis Delta Virus Hepatitis delta virus genome replication: a polyadenylated mRNA for delta antigen. Characterization of the phosphorylated residues of hepatitis delta virus delta antigens. Hepatitis delta antigen is necessary for access of hepatitis delta virus RNA to the cell transcriptional machinery but is not part of the transcriptional complex. www.fccc.edu /docs/research/hdv.html   (118 words)

WHO Hepatitis E Hepatitis E is a viral disease, and as such, antibiotics are of no value in the treatment of the infection. Hepatitis E (HEV) was not recognized as a distinct human disease until 1980. Since cases of hepatitis E are not clinically distinguishable from other types of acute viral hepatitis, diagnosis is made by blood tests which detect elevated antibody levels of specific antibodies to hepatitis E in the body or by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). www.who.int /mediacentre/factsheets/fs280/en   (118 words)

Hepatitis E Virus Hepatitis E virus (HEV), the major etiologic agent of enterically transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis worldwide, is a spherical, nonenveloped, single stranded RNA virus that is approximately 32 to 34 nm in diameter. Based on similar physicochemical and biologic properties, HEV has been provisionally classified in the Caliciviridae family; however, the organization of the HEV genome is substantially different from that of other caliciviruses and HEV may eventually be classified in a separate family. www.medhelp.org /NIHlib/GF-682.html   (118 words)

Hepatitis E The hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a common cause of hepatitis that is transmitted via the intestinal tract, and is not caused by the hepatitis A virus. HEV can be found by microscopically examining a stool sample, but this is not a reliable test, as the virus often dies when stored for a short time. Hepatitis E never becomes a chronic (long-lasting) illness, but on rare occasions the acute illness damages and destroys so many liver cells that the liver can no longer function. www.chclibrary.org /micromed/00050860.html   (118 words)

Hepatitis E Virus Hepatitis E is an infection of the liver caused by Hepatitis E virus. HEV is not associated with chronic liver disease. A characteristic feature of HEV infection is the high mortality rate among pregnant women, approaching 20%. www.arches.uga.edu /~ashmac7/HEV.htm   (118 words)

Hepatitis E Virus, Hepatitis E Virus Infection, HEV Virus Infection Hepatitis E Virus, Hepatitis E Virus Infection, HEV Virus Infection Hepatitis E disease occur in both sporadic and epidemic forms and is primarily associated with the ingestion of faecally contaminated drinking water. Virus in the infected stools were transmitted to monkeys and chimpanzees and other primates who excreted similar 27 to 34nm in the stools in the pre-acute phase, and were shown to seroconvert. virology-online.com /viruses/HepatitisE.htm   (118 words)

HEPATITIS Hepatitis E virus infection in acute hepatitis in Spain. Hepatitis C virus genotypes in France: relationship with epidemiology, pathogenicity and response to interferon therapy. Hepatitis A: from epidemic jaundice to a vaccine-preventable disease. www.ccjm.org /hepatitis/references.htm   (118 words)

Hepatitis C Hepatitis C virus is one of many causes of swelling of the liver (hepatitis). Exciting new treatments have recently been developed which can markedly improve the disease, and perhaps even cure, some people with Hepatitis C Virus. Unlike HBV, sexual transmission of HCV is very uncommon and is estimated to occur in less than 5% of those in monogamous relationships. www.afraidtoask.com /STD/hcv.html   (118 words)

Hepatitis C Hepatitis C infection is caused by the hepatitis C virus. Hepatitis C is a viral infection of the liver. Persons found to have hepatitis C should see a doctor to: determine if they have liver disease, determine if they should be treated for liver disease, learn how to protect their liver from further harm, and learn how to prevent spreading hepatitis C to others. www.astdhpphe.org /infect/hepc.html   (118 words)

HCV This virus was tentatively termed hepatitis non-A, non-B virus, however after the cloning and sequencing of its genes, it was called hepatitis C virus (HCV). Because of the long, latency period of the disease, the death rate from hepatitis C is expected to triple in the next 10 to 20 years. Hepatitis C is particularly fatal in patients with HIV. www.heprf.org /hcv.htm   (118 words)

Hepatitis C Hepatitis E cDNA was detected in 4 of 37 (11%) cases, hepatitis G cDNA in 3 of 37 (8%) cases and in 1 case cytomegalovirus was noted; with several cases of dual infection, 22 of 37 (59%) of tissues were positive for at least 1 virus. Hepatitis C antigen was detected in 9 of 37 (24%) biopsies using immunohistochemistry; the detection rate increased to 19 of 37 (51%) using reverse transcriptase in situ polymerase chain reaction for viral cDNA. HCV is vertically transmitted from mother to infant, and the risk of transmission is correlated with the titer of HCV RNA in the mother. www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/hepatitis_C.htm   (118 words)

Hepatitis B Virus The disease known as hepatitis B is caused by the infectious Hepatitis B virus (HBV). World wide, it is estimated that there are over 350 million hepatitis B carriers which represents 5% of the worlds population. There are many forms of viral hepatitis although they can have similar symptoms. www.montgomerycleaningcenter.com /articles/hepatitis_b_virus.htm   (352 words)

Hepatitis B: The Test Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg): A negative result indicates that a person has never been exposed to the virus or has recovered from acute hepatitis and has rid themselves of the virus (or has, at most, an occult infection). Hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs): a positive result indicates immunity to hepatitis B from the vaccination or recovery from an infection. Anti-hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) is an antibody to the hepatitis B core antigen. www.labtestsonline.org /understanding/analytes/hepatitis_b/test.html   (1151 words)

Hepatitis B Top Articles Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes acute and chronic liver diseases. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a noncytopathic DNA virus, which can cause acute, self-limited hepatitis or chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and/or hepatocellular carcinoma.[1] The diversity of clinical outcomes after exposure to HBV is determined primarily by the host immune response. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) patients with cirrhosis are at high risk for developing costly, morbid, or mortal events, and therefore require effective therapies. www.hivandhepatitis.com /hep_b.html   (1508 words)

Hepatitis B Hepatitis B virus is carried in the blood and body fluids of an infected person. Schedule: HBIG is given with the first hepatitis B vaccine dose to people who have recently been exposed to the hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B is one of the safest vaccines. www.rogerknapp.com /medical/hepb.htm   (491 words)

HEPATITIS Hepatitis C virus infection is associated with a higher incidence of cholestasis of pregnancy. Hepatitis C virus genotypes in France: relationship with epidemiology, pathogenicity and response to interferon therapy. Hepatitis A: from epidemic jaundice to a vaccine-preventable disease. www.ccjm.org /hepatitis/references.htm   (491 words)

Hepatitis D virus Hepatitis D virus (HDV) is a small, single-stranded, negative sense RNA virus.   A study of 40 patients with chronic HBV and HDV superinfection was performed in Japan, and genetic sequences of the infection viruses were determined for 33 of the 40 patients. HDV assembly relies on prenylation (prenyl lipid modification) of the large δAg. www.stanford.edu /group/virus/delta/2004hammon/Deltavirus.htm   (491 words)

Hepatitis B Hepatitis D virus antigenemia did not indicate hepatitis D virus replication because hepatitis D virus RNA was not detected in 9 of 12 patients with hepatitis D virus antigen in their sera. Serum hepatitis D virus RNA was present in 17 of 28 (61%) patients during the acute phase of clinical hepatitis and was not detected after recovery from acute disease or in 18 asymptomatic chronic HBsAg carriers with antibody to hepatitis D virus. The histopathology of hepatitis delta virus disease was studied in carriers of HBsAg with chronic hepatitis delta antigen-positive hepatitis and in serial biopsies of patients with acute hepatitis delta virus hepatitis that progressed to chronicity. www.thedoctorsdoctor.com /diseases/hepatitis_B.htm   (491 words)

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