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| | Heraclius -- Encyclopædia Britannica |
 | | Heraclius, gold coin; in the Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection, Washington, D.C. By courtesy of the Dumbarton Oaks Collection, Washington, D.C. Eastern Roman emperor (610641) who reorganized and strengthened the imperial administration and the imperial armies but who, nevertheless, lost Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Byzantine Mesopotamia to the Arab Muslims. |
 | | The most threatening problem Heraclius faced was the external menace of the Avars and the Persians, and neither people abated its pressure during the first years of the new reign. |
 | | The successors of Heraclius: Islam and the Bulgars |
| www.britannica.com /eb/article-9040092 (539 words) |
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