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	Sir Herbert Charles Onslow Plumer
		Plumer was given command of the newly-raised Rhodesia Regiment in August 1899, taking part in much fighting near the Rhodesian border and playing an important part in the relief of Mafeking.
		Plumer was ordered to France in December 1914, to take command of V Corps which at the time was part of Smith-Dorrien's Second Army.
		Herbert Plumer died on 16 July 1932, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.
	www.1914-1918.net /plumer_bio.htm (1460 words)

	First World War.com - Who's Who - Herbert Plumer
		Herbert Charles Onslow Plumer (1857-1932) was born in 1857 in Torquay.
		Despite difficult circumstances Plumer managed to salvage the operation; in spite of his reputation as a cautious, sparing commander his operations at Passchendaele were more than usually expensive in terms of casualties.
		Plumer was promoted Field Marshal following the armistice in 1919 and received a peerage.
	www.firstworldwar.com /bio/plumer.htm (440 words)

	South African War: Herbert Plumer.
		Herbert Charles Onslow Plumer is still in the prime of life, having been born in 1857, and gazetted to the old 65th Foot, now the 1st Battalion York and Lancaster, in 1876.
		Subsequently Plumer moved his camp to Gaberones which led to his coming in still closer touch with the Boers, and on several occasions he was sharply engaged.
		Colonel Plumer is the very man to uphold the honour of the Army, and to conserve the interests of the Empire in a tight corner like this.
	www.pinetreeweb.com /saw-plumer.htm (622 words)

	World War One: The Battle of Messines Ridge
		Option one allowed for his men to climb out of their trenches and run towards the large land mass that happened to be possessed by a large German army.
		By unearthing the Germans, Plumer could hope simply for a miracle and have all the Germans killed in their bunkers.
		Eventually, Plumer's men were able to load the 19 tunnels with an estimated one million pounds of TNT.
	expage.com /page/history1 (681 words)

	The Third Battle of Ypres
		Plumer, one of the most astute of the Generals, was an advocate of a smallscale limited advance under cover of a creeping barrage which would also prevent the German counterattacks.
		The men were to advance behind the shelter of the exploding shells and be hidden from the enemy by the smoke and dust of the barrage, however this would, of course, be impossible if it rained and the ground turned into liquid mud.
		Under a creeping barrage, Plumer sent forward nine divisions of the British Second Army and they took all their preliminary objectives in the first three hours of the battle.
	www.coursework.info /i/7994.html (715 words)

	A.F. Pollard - A Short History Of The Great War - Chapter XVI
		Plumer's success might, however, have led to better things but for the untoward circumstances which hampered the Flanders campaign from the start.
		This reverse did not tend to expedite the campaign, and when it was finally launched on 31 July the weather interposed a third and fatal impediment.
		With that the Germans were content, and although the Austrians continued their efforts to force the Piave and turn its flank down the Brenta valley, Von Buelow's six German divisions took little part in the fighting and were soon with their general sent back to the Western front.
	www.ibiblio.org /HTMLTexts/Albert_Frederick_Pollard/A_Short_History_Of_The_Great_War/chapter16.html (5306 words)

	Western Front Association Contributed Articles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		General (later Field-Marshal) Sir Herbert Plumer commanded the Second Army from 6 May 1915 until the end of the war, with a brief intermission in Italy from November 1917 to March 1918 (as C-in-C).
		He was often called ‘Daddy’ Plumer, and he certainly did look like, sort of ideal granddad, with pink cheeks and fluffy white moustache and a little pot belly.
		Plumer was a first-class Army Commander, a first-class practitioner of battle, a master of the set-piece (like Montgomery) as his 1917 victories at Messines (June), Menin Road and Polygon Wood (September) and Broodseinde (October) show - the last called by the Germans ‘the fl day’.
	www.westernfront.co.uk /thegreatwar/articles/research/britishmilitaryleadership.htm (5062 words)

	Rev. Charles Abraham Plumer ???? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		His father was Rev. Charles Abraham Plumer, who was a minister at the state prison in Thomaston, Maine.
		Plumer is buried close to Thomaston In the town of Damariscotta, Maine.
		Grandmother Plumer’s father was Asa Southworth Of Belfast, Maine a sailor and gold rush 49er'.
	genforum.genealogy.com /cgi-bin/print.cgi?nh::2580.html (350 words)

	First World War.com - Battles - The Battle of Messines, 1917
		Carried out by General Herbert Plumer's Second Army, it was launched on 7 June 1917 with the detonation of 19 underground mines underneath the German mines.
		The attack was also a precursor to the much larger Third Battle of Ypres, known as Passchendaele, decided upon by the British Commander-in-Chief Sir Douglas Haig following the collapse of the French Nivelle Offensive earlier in May 1917.
		The invariable loss of surprise in the use of a preliminary bombardment was entirely offset by the effect of the mines, which blew the crest off the Messines-Wytschaete ridge.
	www.firstworldwar.com /battles/messines.htm (697 words)

	Battle of Messines Ridge, 7 June 1917
		In order to allow a more general offensive, it was imperative that the Germans be driven off the Messines Ridge, which dominated the Ypres salient.
		At the end of the bombardment, mines containing 1 million pounds of high explosives were detonated under the ridge, ripping a hole in the landscape, as well as in the German lines.
		Plumer then ordered the advance, which successfully took the German position.
	www.historyofwar.org /articles/battles_messines.html (127 words)

	E. E. Reyonolds, B-P, Chapter IV. "The Best Adventure" 1896-1897
		Major Herbert Plumer (later Field-Marshal Lord Plumer) was authorized to raise a Relief Force, but it was not until the end of May that he entered Bulawayo—the chief town—with his men.
		On four separate occasions he led Plumer's troops to attack rebel strongholds in the hills, and on every occasion he brought us out right on top of the enemy, surprising the Matabele and enabling Plumer to give him what the latter used to describe as ' a good knock'.
		The Matabele soon came to know that B.-P. was a most skillful scout, and they named him "Impeesa", which means "the wolf who never sleeps"; at the sight of him they would shout out his name with all kinds of threats of what they would do if he fell into their hands.
	www.pinetreeweb.com /bp-impeesa.htm (2435 words)

	Paradox Interactive Forums - 1914-1924 'British interests; British honour; British obligations'
		For the Ypres offensive, Plumer endeavoured to use three of his four corps in an operation encompassing the area to the east and south of Ypres.
		Plumer and his chief of staff, Major-General Charles ‘Tim’ Harington indulged in meticulous planning for the battle, using all available means to familiarise officers with the terrain and the characteristics of the enemy.
		Nevertheless, Haig and Plumer ensured that a number of smaller operations were undertaken, particularly trench raids and sudden bombardments, to keep the Germans off balance and maintain the façade of an imminent attack.
	www.europa-universalis.com /forum/showthread.php?p=3999106 (5939 words)

	Major General (General) Godley, KCB, KCMG: Commander of the NZEF
		Godley, who had been promoted to lieutenant general in November 1915, was in command of II ANZAC Corps, to which the New Zealand Division was transferred on October 1916, after serving in the battle of the Somme.
		Godley's superior was Plumer, the most competent British general on the western front.
		Plumer was responsible for the impeccable design and planning of the successful attack on Messines (Mesen) in June 1917.
	www.diggerhistory.info /pages-heroes/godley.htm (1605 words)

	World War One Battles
		Plumer advocated continuing the attack immediately into Passchendaele ridge, arguing that the morale of the German troops was, for the present at least, broken, and that this combined with a shortage of forces would virtually guarantee Allied capture of the ridge.
		The Third Battle of Ypres was opened by Sir Hubert Gough's Fifth Army, with 1 Corps of Sir Herbert Plumer's Second Army joining on its right and a corps of the French First Amy led by Anthoine to its left: a total of twelve divisions.
		Encouraged by Plumer's small gains - while constantly pushing him to do more - Haig decided to continue the offensive towards Passchendaele Ridge some ten kilometres from Ypres, by now certain that the German army was approaching collapse.
	webpages.charter.net /wisconsinlegion-7thdistrict/WW1_Battles2.htm (17855 words)

	Rhodesia's Brutal Second Matabele War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Herbert Plumer to head the newly designated Matabeleland Relief Force.
		Nearly two-thirds of the tonnage per wagon would have to be fodder to feed the transport animals and cavalry horses.
		In need of firepower, Plumer was forced to purchase 10 new.45-caliber Maxim guns on tripods from a Durban company at a price of 4,500 pounds sterling-"considerably in excess of their value," he later observed.
	www.thehistorynet.com /mh/blmatabelewar/index1.html (1182 words)

	50,000 lb WWI Bomb Found Under Belgian Farm
		Buildings within a 30-mile radius rocked on their foundations, and the bang was heard in Downing Street.
		As many as 6,000 German troops perished in the inferno and the Messines Ridge was quickly taken by General Sir Herbert Plumer's Second Army.
		The Battle of Messines was regarded as the most successful local operation of the war.
	www.rense.com /general47/50000lbWW1bomb.htm (636 words)

	news.mod.uk - Latest News (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		He was awarded the Victoria Cross, but was killed twelve days later when his aircraft broke up in mid-air.
		1917: Sir Herbert Plumer's Second Army launched a successful offensive against the German positions atop Messines ridge.
		The preparatory artillery bombardment was conventional in Western Front terms, having started on 21 May with 2,600 guns and mortars.
	news.mod.uk /news_headline_story.asp?newsItem_id=1761 (510 words)

	ipedia.com: Passchendaele Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		They managed to achieve the initial objectives due to the huge mines and the fact that the German reserves were too far back to intervene.
		Field Marshal Sir Douglas Haig, ordered General Herbert Plumer, the allied commander, to continue the battle immediately, but was persuaded to delay further attacks until preparations could be made.
		During September and October, after awful weather in August and many failures in attack due to poor planning and preparation, a policy of "bite and hold" was adopted by the allies, intending to make small gains which could be held against counterattack.
	www.ipedia.com /passchendaele.html (1638 words)

	Hubert Plumer
		He served in Sudan (1884) and led the army that relieved Mafeking during the Boer War (1899-1901).
		On the outbreak of the First World War Plumer was placed in command of the II Corps of the British Expeditionary Force.
		In May 1915 was promoted to commander of the Second Army on the Western Front and was responsible for the sector around Ypres until the autumn of 1917.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWplumer.htm (252 words)

	The Somme Association
		The ridge was protected by four general lines of well-wired trenches studded with ferro-concrete fortifications, pill boxes, machine-gun emplacements and shelters, able to withstand all but a direct hit by an eight-inch shell.
		The taking of the ridge was entrusted to the Second Army, under the command of General Sir Herbert Plumer.
		General Plumer had assembled a great mass of artillery, 2,266 guns - 756 heavy guns and 1,510 field guns and howitzers.
	www.irishsoldier.org /messines.html (2056 words)

	Zonebeke: Buttes 5th Australian Division Memorial
		The term wood though, needs to be qualified in that nothing remained but blasted stumps of trees with German pill boxes sitting up in the middle of the wreckage.
		The Commander of the 2nd Army: General Sir Herbert Plumer, was an advocate of small advances which would then be consolidated before moving on.
		Something that Plumer had come to realise was that the greater the weight of artillery that he could muster the better the results.
	www.webmatters.net /belgium/ww1_buttes_aus.htm (798 words)

	Service Battalions
		The Colour of the 10th (Battersea) Battalion was presented at Ehreshoven, Germany, on 11th February 1919 by General Sir Herbert Plumer, GOC-in-C Second Army.
		The Colour of the 11th (Lambeth) Service Battalion was presented at the Exerzierplatz, Cologne, on 11th February 1919 also by General Plumer.
		The Colour of the 2nd/4th Battalion (TF) was presented at Engelskirchen, Germany, by General Plumer, on 7th April 1919.
	www.queensroyalsurreys.org.uk /colours/c13.html (634 words)

	1917. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		The French took only the Chemin des Dames, and this with very heavy losses.
		The British second army (Gen. Herbert Plumer) launched a surprise attack on Messines Ridge, and was entirely successful in straightening the Ypres salient.
		This was a series of eight heavy attacks, carried through in driving rain and fought over ground waterlogged and muddy.
	www.bartleby.com /67/1801.html (365 words)

	Messines Ridge
		His main objective was to take the Messines Ridge, a strategic position just south-east of Ypres, that had been held by the German Army since December, 1914.
		In January 1917, Plumer gave orders for 20 mines to be placed under German lines at Messines.
		Employing 2,300 guns and 300 heavy mortars, Plumer began a massive bombardment of German lines on 21st May. Simultaneous explosion of the mines took place at 3.10 on 7th June.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /FWWmessines.htm (778 words)

	15 April 1915: The British reaction to the warnings about the gas. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Corps, Lieutenant-General Sir Herbert Plumer, was informed of a message from the French via 28th Division.
		During the afternoon the Corps Commander, Lieutenant-General Plumer, interviewed the British divisional commanders to appraise them of the situation regarding the warnings of a possible German attack.
		The three British divisional commanders in the north-eastern sector of V. Corps (Lieutenant-General Alderson of 1st Canadian Division, Major-General Bulfin of 28th Division and Major-General Snow of 27th Division) realised the seriousness of the threat of attack.
	www.greatwar.co.uk /westfront/ypsalient/secondypres/prelude/brreact.htm (1757 words)

	The Boer War (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		C Battery, equipped with six smooth bore 12 pounders, was selected to provide the artillery support for the Relief of Mafeking.
		This involved making a 2600 mile approach march by a round about route to link up with Colonel Herbert Plumer's advancing force.
		C Battery displayed its professionalism by first conducting a surprisingly quick and efficient forced march to Cape Town throughout the night and by noon the next day, having all its guns and equipment boarded on ship ready to sail for action.
	www.mts.net /~1rchais/boer.htm (182 words)

	Northbourne Sources: Newspaper Reports 1900s (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Captain C. Jackson, 2nd Battalion York and Lancaster Regiment, son of Mrs.
		Lawrence Jackson, of Updown House, Eastry, who was wounded near Armentieres, on October 22nd, has sufficiently recovered to return to the Front as Aide-de-Camp to his uncle, General Sir Herbert Plumer, K.C.B., in command of the 5th Army Corps.
		PLUMER General Sir Herbert K.C.B. - 22 Jan. 1915
	freespace.virgin.net /andrew.parkinson4/news_1900s.html (118 words)

	The Battle of Passchendaele (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		To their left were units from the French First Army led by Anthoine and to Gough's right was the Second Army led by the victor of Messines, Sir Herbert Plumer.
		The Germans, as happened at the Somme, were fully prepared and the Allied attack, launched across a eleven mile front, made only small gains.
		As a result, Plumer fought a series of small battles within Flanders - the Battle of Menin Road Bridge, the Battle of Polygon Wood and the Battle of Broodseinde.
	www.historylearningsite.co.uk /battle_of_passchendaele.htm (890 words)

	Amazon.co.uk: Plumer: The Soldier's General: Books (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Buy Plumer: The Soldier's General with Command on the Western Front: The Military Career...
		Sir Herbert Plumer was one of the best-performing and best-regarded officers on the Allied side.
		Though he never got on with Haig, Plumer proved indispensable during the great German offensive of March 1918.
	www.amazon.co.uk /exec/obidos/ASIN/1844150399 (369 words)

	Who's who
		The most important figures were the Chiefs of the Imperial General Staff and the Commanders-in-Chief of British Expeditionary Force GHQ in France and Flanders (the Western Front).
		The British Army commanders who finally won the war on the Western Front in 1918: left to right: Birdwood, Rawlinson, Plumer, King George V, Haig, Horne, Byng.
		Moved with the Corps to Italy in November 1917, coming under the command of Plumer.
	www.1914-1918.net /whoswho.htm (1126 words)

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