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Topic: Hero of the Soviet Union

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	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal
		Hero of the Soviet Union (Russian: Ð“ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¹ Ð¡Ð¾Ð²ÐµÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¡Ð¾ÑÐ·Ð°, Geroy Sovyetskogo Soyuza) was the highest honorary title and the superior degree of distinction of the Soviet Union.
		Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, this title was succeeded in Russia by the title Hero of the Russian Federation, in Ukraine by Hero of Ukraine and in Belarus by Hero of Belarus.
		Konstantin Rokossovsky â“ Marshal of the Soviet Union, Marshal of Poland.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Hero_of_the_Soviet_Union (0 words)

	Gold Star of a "Hero of the Soviet Union"
		Established: honorary title "Hero of the Soviet Union" established 16.04.1934 by Decree of CIK SSSR, with the Gold Star medal instituted 01.08.1939 by Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet.
		In case of second awarding of the Gold Star of a "Hero of the Soviet Union", the recipient would have a sculptural bronze bust built in the place of his birth.
		Sochor Antonín, Buršík Josef, Tesařík Richard - heroes of the USSR
	www.czechpatriots.com /csmu/medal3.php (233 words)

	The Soviet Military Awards Page. Medals, History and Russia!
		Honorary title established 16 April 1934 with the Gold Star medal instituted 1 August 1939, by Decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Soviet.
		Second occurrences of this award were halted by a directive of the USSR Supreme Soviet, 22 August 1988.
		Multiple occurrences of this award were halted by a directive of the USSR Supreme Soviet, 22 August 1988.
	www.soviet-awards.com /titles1.htm (0 words)

	History: The Fall of Communism in Russia
		During this period, and in fact throughout the majority of the Communist rule, censorship and the subordination of interest groups such as trade unions was imposed to stop dissension and increase conformity to the new governments policies.
		The purpose of these reforms was to elevate the Soviet standard of living in order to reaffirm the citizenry's loyalties to the Communist party and to enable the rebirth of the Soviet economy and ideal.
		The education system in the Soviet Union also caused tension because it was set up around a motive to teach students to be obedient to the Communist Party and to be Atheist among other things.
	www.cyberessays.com /History/105.htm (0 words)

	The Voice of Russia - Los stalingradenses
		HERO OF THE SOVIET UNION PILOT BORIS YEREMIN
		Hero of the Soviet Union Nikolai Glazov went on 475 sorties, Hero of the Soviet Union Valentin Shapiro – 592, and Hero of the Soviet Union Foty Morozov, one of the best reconnaissance pilots, had 800 sorties.
		Boris Yeremin is a member of Russia’s War Veterans Committee, Heroes of the Soviet Union Club and Holders of the Order of Glory Club.
	www.vor.ru /English/Stalingraders/stal_07.html (0 words)

	Print: The Chronicle: 11/22/2002: A Cultural Hero of the Soviet Era Looks to the Future
		For the past decade, an intellectual and cultural hero from Soviet-era Moscow has been quietly producing ambitious and varied research here, on the edge of Emory University's leafy suburban campus, in a converted house that is the home of the Russian department.
		Epstein springs: that of the literary critic straddling the border of literature and philosophy.
		Epstein made his biggest theoretical splash in the mid-1980s, when he presented the startling idea that the Soviet Union was postmodern -- and that it (and, earlier, Russia) had been so even before the concept was coined in the West.
	www.chronicle.com /cgi2-bin/printable.cgi?article=http://chronicle.com/free/v49/i13/13a01601.htm (0 words)

	ODM of Russia: Hero of the Soviet Union
		ODM of Russia: Hero of the Soviet Union
		Instituted: 1 August 1939 by the Presidium of the Chief Soviet of the Soviet Union
		The title is granted for heroic actions in the service of the state.
	www.medals.org.uk /russia/ussr/ussr001.htm (61 words)

	[No title]
		The secretary of the SEC of the Union of the SSR A. Yenukidze.
		A Hero of the Soviet Union who accomplishes a new heroic deed equal to the original deed, which was marked by awarding him with the title of a Hero of the Soviet Union, is awarded a second medal " Hero of the Soviet Union".
		A Hero of the Soviet Union awarded with two medals of "Hero of the Soviet Union" is awarded with a third medal of "Hero of the Soviet Union" for new heroic deeds.
	www.russian-medals.net /chkord1.htm (773 words)

	Hero of the Soviet Union
		Hero of the Soviet Union (Геро́й Сове́тского Сою́за) was the highest honorary title and the superior degree of distinction of the former USSR.
		It included the Order of Lenin (the highest Soviet award) and, as the sign of excellence, the Gold Star medal with the certificate of the heroic deed (gramota) from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (highest executive body of the land).
		In 1992, following the collapse of the Soviet Union, this title was succeeded in Russia by the title Hero of Russia.
	www.xasa.com /wiki/en/wikipedia/h/he/hero_of_the_soviet_union.html (379 words)

	Hero of the Soviet Union . Enpsychlopedia
		Hero of the Soviet Union (Russian: Герой Советского Союза, Geroy Sovetskogo Soyuza) was the highest honorary title and the superior degree of distinction of the Soviet Union.
		The last recipient of the title Hero of the Soviet Union was a Soviet diver, Captain of the 3rd rank Leonid Mikhailovich Solodkov on December 24 1991 for fulfillment of the special diving task.
		Following the collapse of the Soviet Union, this title was succeeded in Russia by the title Hero of the Russian Federation, in Ukraine by Hero of Ukraine and in Belarus by Hero of Belarus.
	www.psychcentral.com /psypsych/Hero_of_the_Soviet_Union (1136 words)

	Purges and Hysteria in the Soviet Union
		By 1933 the Soviet Union had lost forty-five percent of its cattle, two-thirds of its sheep and goats and half its horses.
		Communist parties outside the Soviet Union pulled their membership out of reformist unions and other organizations and began organizing alone, hoping to benefit from increased visibly and by putting themselves at the forefront of the assault against capitalism.
		By 1934, the Soviet Union had completed its collectivization of agriculture, and many Party members believed that it was time for reconciliation and a move closer to the communist ideal of happiness and liberty for all.
	www.fsmitha.com /h2/ch20.htm (5313 words)

	Soviet Military Medals
		The first Soviet medal as a national award was instituted by an ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on January 24, 1938, by the 20th anniversary of the Red Army.
		The title of Hero of the Soviet Union, the highest distinction in this country, was instituted by an ordinance of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR in April 1934.
		The Gold Star of Hero of the Soviet Union was posthumously awarded to Captain of the Guards Ruben Ibarruri, commander of a machine- gun company, the son of the ardent Spanish Communist Dolores Ibarruri.
	www.sadcom.com /pins/article/su_medals.htm (1225 words)

	ipedia.com: Hero of the Soviet Union Article (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Hero of the Soviet Union was the highest honorary title and the superior degree of distinction of the former USSR.
		There were over a hundred twice Heroes of the USSR, among them two famous Soviet fighter pilots, Pokryshkin and Kozhedub.
		After the collapse of the Soviet Union, this title was succeeded in Russia by the title Hero of Russia.
	www.ipedia.com /hero_of_the_soviet_union.html (345 words)

	Joseph Stalin killer file
		The USSR, a union of the Russian, Belorussian, Ukrainian, and Transcaucasian republics, is established in December 1922.
		Japan and the Soviet Union sign the Japanese-Soviet Neutrality Pact on 13 April, removing the threat to the Soviets of invasion by Japan.
		Soviet citizens repatriated from wartime detention in foreign prisons and work camps are deemed to be traitors and are executed or deported to Soviet prison camps.
	www.moreorless.au.com /killers/stalin.html (4651 words)

	Autographs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Marshal of the Soviet Union (1944), Marshal of Poland (1949) Twice Hero of the Soviet Union Konstantin Rokossovsky (1896 - 1968).
		Marshal of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Soviet Union.
		Marshal of the Soviet Union, Hero of the Soviet Union Kirill MERETSKOV (1897 - 1968).
	www.bank-notes.netfirms.com /Russia/Collectibles/Aut.htm (787 words)

	Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic - Armeniapedia.org
		Life under the Soviet Union proved to be a soothing balm in contrast to the turbulent final years of the Ottoman Empire.
		It should also be noted that Armenians of the Soviet 89th "Tamanyan" Division fought in grueling battles against the German Wehrmacht in the Battle of the Caucasus, the Battle of the Crimea, the Battle of the Baltic, the Vistula-Oder Offensive, and the Battle of Berlin.
		Armenia was one of the first republics to declare independence from the Soviet Union on August 23, 1990, three months after Latvia, the last of the Baltic states declared its independence.
	www.armeniapedia.org /index.php?title=Armenian_Soviet_Socialist_Republic (2524 words)

	NAPF Programs: Youth Outreach: Peace Heroes: Samantha Smith, by Kelly Lynn Demarest Mayer
		In the 1980s, the United States and the Soviet Union were in the midst of the "Cold War" -- a war between the ideologies of democracy and communism.
		He addressed her concerns and said that the Soviet Union did indeed "want very much to live in peace, to trade and cooperate with all our neighbors on this earth." In his letter, Andropov invited Samantha to visit the Soviet Union in the summer.
		After returning from her trip to the Soviet Union, Samantha continued to be involved in the crusade for peace.
	www.wagingpeace.org /menu/programs/youth-outreach/peace-heroes/smith-samantha.htm (524 words)

	The Soviet Union (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The German siege and Soviet defense of Leningrad in World War II was an epic struggle in an epic war, a drama of heroism and human misery unmatched in the annals of modern warfare.
		One of the first major Soviet cities threatened by the German blitzkrieg, Leningrad was as much a symbolic target as it was a strategic one for Adolf Hitler, who fully expected the birthplace of the Russian Revolution to be reduced to rubble quickly and with ease.
		Soviet military thinkers, Stone shows, pushed for a ruthlessly centralized economy--one requiring total integration of state and society--as the necessary means for achieving victory in future wars.
	www.generalstafflibrary.com /page29.html (2912 words)

	Marina Raskova
		She and two others were the first women to be awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union medal in 1938 when they completed a dangerous Moscow to Komsomolsk-on-Amur (in the Russian Far East) flight in the 2-engined plane "Rodina", that broke the international women's distance record.
		Already a folk heroine, and a Major in the Soviet Air Force by 1941, Raskova was the logical choice to recruit, interview, and oversee the training of the women aviators, which she did magnificently.
		Being a Hero of the Soviet Union, she gave great inspiration to her trainees and passed her vast aviation experience to this new generation of Soviet female flyers.
	pratt.edu /~rsilva/raskova.htm (150 words)

	Hero of the Soviet Union - Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music
		Hero of the Soviet Union (Геро́й Сове́тского Сою́за) was the highest honorary title and the superior degree of distinction of the former USSR.
		It included the Order of Lenin (the highest Soviet award) and, as the sign of excellence, the Gold Star medal with the certificate of the heroic deed (gramota) from the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (highest executive body of the land).
		In 1992, following the collapse of the Soviet Union, this title was succeeded in Russia by the title Hero of Russia.
	www.music.us /education/H/Hero-of-the-Soviet-Union-2.htm (607 words)

	The Soviet Union
		Summary of Soviet state killing (and graph and table) - The Soviet state was a steady killer of millions for decades - through executions, gulags and state-caused famine.
		Soviet empire invasion of Poland, 1939 (in collaboration with their then allies, Nazi Germany).
		It is the Soviet Union that runs against the tide of history by denying human freedom and human dignity to its citizens.
	markhumphrys.com /soviet.html (5337 words)

	Soviet Union (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The Cold War: The Rise And Fall Of The Soviet Union (Rise And Fall Of The Soviet Union) (Library)
		Focuses on Soviet politics in the period between the end of World War II and the collapse of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), known as the Cold War.
		Discusses the Soviet Union s involvement in World War II, from their non-aggression pact with Germany to their subsequent invasion and eventual defeat, highlighting the hardships endured by the Soviet people during the war years.
	www.generationelection.org /soviet-union.htm (248 words)

	Kholm Slavy, Aleksandr Marchenko, L'vov, Hero of the Soviet Union (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Kholm Slavy, Aleksandr Marchenko, L'vov, Hero of the Soviet Union
		To the loud applause of the festively attired pioneers, Hero of the Soviet Union V.M. Gopnik used the eternal flame to light a torch that was brought in an armored personnel carrier to Lipovaya Boulevard, from where in July of 1944 the tank "Guards" began its legendary raid.
		Aleksandr Marchenko was born in 1913 in the town of Glukhov in Sumy District.
	home.comcast.net /~markconrad/KholmSlavy/Marchenko.html (2096 words)

	RandomHouse.ca \| Books \| Heroes of the Soviet Union 1941-45 by Henry Sakaida
		Heroes of the Soviet Union 1941-45 by Henry Sakaida
		Over 10 million Soviet soldiers took part in the war and of those about 12,600 earned the Soviet Union’s highest military award - the Hero of the Soviet Union - for deeds of great daring and self sacrifice.
		Eilte 90: ‘Heroines of the Soviet Union 1941–45’ is based on this research, as is this companion volume.
	www.randomhouse.ca /catalog/display.pperl?9781841767697 (225 words)

	The Jewish Soldier's Red Star (Site not responding. Last check: )
		In the regular column "Our Heroes" their glorious deeds were praised, and columnist Lina Shtern deliberately compared heroic Jewish front-line soldiers with Jewish heroes of the classical antiquity, Maccabees and martyrs of the Jewish war against the Romans.
		The part the Jews had contributed to the victory over the National Socialist invasion in the Great Patriotic War was obviously regarded by the Soviet Union as a strictly guarded state secret, to be buried forever under the many archeological layers of historical truths in the depths of some archive.
		The Jewish heroes of the Soviet Union commanded armies and submarines.
	www.sovietjewishsoldiers.org /essays_articles.asp (2348 words)

	Women in the Soviet Union 1920 - 1959
		The forties, for women as well as men, was dominated by the Great Patriotic War, in the first half of the decade becacuse of the war's execution, and in the second half because of the needs for reconstruction.
		Of all soviet women in combat, perhaps the most well known where those in the Soviet Airforce.
		By the end of the war twenty-nine female pilots had earned the title "Hero of the Soviet Union." 23 of those medals went to the nachthexen.
	webpages.charter.net /sheridan01/455/1940/index.html (403 words)

	Russian Aviation Page: Soviet pilots in 1950-53 Korean war
		Most of the Soviet pilots sent to Korea were veterans and aces, including Ivan Kozhedub, 3-time Hero of the Soviet Union with 62 German kills to his credit.
		In addition to their good scores against enemy fighters, the Soviet pilots were the primary reason the US stopped using B-29 bombers (US first switched from day to night bombing and, after 1951, hardly used them at all).
		Ivan Kozedub, the great Soviet ace of the Second World War (62 victories) and "Hero of the Soviet Union" with three "Gold Stars", was the commander of all the Soviet fighter regiments in Korea.
	aeroweb.lucia.it /~agretch/RAFAQ/SovietAces.html (1594 words)

	Soviet Photos
		A lieutenant and Hero of the Soviet Union wears a rectangular supsension, Order of the Patriotic War, 1st Class on his right, next to a guards badge.
		Colonel and Hero of the Soviet Union V.S. Volkov is wearing three Orders of the Red Star among his other decorations.
		Two-time Hero of the Soviet Union G.A. Rechkalov, the number three Soviet air ace with 56 kills, attends a ceremony in which his bronze bust is placed in his hometown.
	stalingrad_1943.tripod.com /stalingrad/id8.html (291 words)

	Marina Raskova and the Soviet Women Pilots of World War II
		Another aspect of Soviet life we in the west have overlooked as a result of 40 years of Cold War was the fact that a Russian can be just as patriotic about his or her country as any flag-waving American.
		The Communist Party considered all Soviet prisoners of war to be collaborators with the enemy, and after the war, they often went from a German POW camp to a Soviet gulag for "allowing" themselves to be captured.
		The biographies of Soviet female military recipients of the Hero of the Soviet Union award, and spanning the period from Pre-world War II to 1990.
	www.ctie.monash.edu.au /hargrave/soviet_women_pilots.html (10812 words)

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