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Topic: Hewlett Packard Instrument Bus

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	Timeline
		Packard perceiveed that Vollum really was an entrepreneur who needed to start his own company.
		Hewlett and Packard realize that they can no longer efficiently run the company’s RandD lab as one monolithic organization and they split it into four semi-autonomous sections: Audio-Video, Microwave, Time and Frequency (or Frequency and Time depending on who you believe), and Oscilloscopes.
		In the same year, HP introduces the Hewlett-Packard Instrument Bus (HPIB), which standardizes the connection between test equipment and computers and further cements HP’s lead in test and measurement automation.
	www.hp9825.com /html/timeline.html (4237 words)

	GPIB Information and Tutorial
		The IEEE-488 bus was developed to connect and control programmable instruments, and to provide a standard interface for communication between instruments from different sources.
		The signals passing into the interface from the IEEE-488 bus and from the instrument are defined in the standard.
		When the Controller or a Talker wishes to transmit data on the bus, it sets the DAV line high (data not valid), and checks to see that the NRFD and NDAC lines are both low, and then it puts the data on the data lines.
	www.htbasic.com /tutgpib.html (1501 words)

	Instrument Bus Performance â“ Making Sense of Competing Bus Technologies for Instrument Control- Developer Zone - ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		While other bus technologies have certainly proved more successful than IEEE 1394 in fulfilling a broad range of application needs, even GPIB, the most adopted instrument control standard in the past 40 years, cannot claim to be categorically superior to all other buses.
		By analogy, if we were to compare an instrumentation bus to a highway, bandwidth would correspond to the number of lanes and the speed of travel, while latency would correspond to the delay introduced at the on and off-ramps.
		The physical connector for the bus affects whether it is suitable for industrial applications and whether additional effort will be required to “ruggedize” the connection between the instrument and the system controller.
	zone.ni.com /devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3509 (2772 words)

	GPIB - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
		El Hewlett-Packard Instrument Bus (HP-IB) es un estándar bus de datos digital de corto rango desarrollado por Hewlett-Packard en los años 1970 para conectar dispositivos de test y medida (por ejemplo multímetros, osciloscopios, etc) con dispositivos que los controlen como un ordenador.
		Las 16 líneas que componen el bus están agrupadas en tres grupos de acuerdo con sus funciones: 8 de bus de datos, 3 de bus de control de transferencia de datos y 5 de bus general.
		Mientras que la velocidad del bus se incrementaba a 10 MByte/s para esos usos, la falta de un protocolo de comandos estándar limitó los desarrollos de terceros y la interoperabilidad, y posteriormente, estándares abiertos más rápidos como SCSI acabaron superando a IEEE-488 para la conexión de periféricos.
	es.wikipedia.org /wiki/GPIB (841 words)

	CSD - March, 1998 - Using GPIB Instruments to Test Communication Systems
		The data rate over the GPIB bus (1 Mbps maximum) is substantially influenced by the specific instruments used on the bus, the physical cable lengths between instruments, and the number of devices powered on the bus.
		The instruments connected to the GPIB bus are configured (at the instrument) as talkers, listeners, or both, depending on the function of the particular instrument.
		In some cases, a reduction in instrument processing times and in the amount of data transferred from the instrument can be accomplished by having the test software command the GPIB test instrument (if the instrument has the capability) to transfer only the raw acquired data over the bus.
	www.commsdesign.com /main/9803fe3.htm (3070 words)

	EADS North America Defense Test & Services
		Traditional rack-and-stack instruments connected via cables do not match the tight control over signal characteristics and propagation delay that is possible in a defined and controlled backplane environment.
		The trigger bus consists of eight TTL trigger lines and two ECL trigger lines, all of which are located on P2.
		The purpose of the local bus is to decrease the need for ribbon cable jumpers between modules.
	www.racalinst.com /apptech/ch1.html (1952 words)

	by Bertram S. Kolts, Hewlett-Packard
		One of these additions is a bus structure, referred to as the local bus.
		The local bus provides 24 pins (12 lines) on the P2 connector and, if the P3 connector is present, another 48 pins (24 lines) on P3.
		In the generating mode, for example, the UUT is configured to output a known test vector to one of the disk drives.
	www.evaluationengineering.com /archive/articles/1096vxi.htm (804 words)

	Hewlett-Packard, The Early Years
		Dave Packard’s father was an attorney in Pueblo Colorado, and he indicated that he hoped Dave would go into law too, but Dave actually never had any interest at all in a law career.
		Hewlett meanwhile had walked out to the car, which was a long ways off, and went down to Durango.
		Disney, Hewlett and Packard were men of vision and their products touched all of us enriching our jobs and lives.
	www.smecc.org /hewlett-packard,_the_early_years.htm (13724 words)

	IEEE-488 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the late 1960s, Hewlett-Packard (HP) was a manufacturer of test and measurement instruments, such as digital multimeters and logic analyzers.
		The bus was relatively easy to implement using the technology at the time, using a simple parallel electrical bus and several individual control lines.
		In 1975 the bus was standardized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers as the IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation, IEEE-488-1975 (now 488.1).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/HP-IB (1128 words)

	Untitled1
		The instrument bus (GPIB) was designed in the 1970s as a standard communications protocol between instruments and computers.
		GPIB instruments range from relatively inexpensive to very expensive, depending on the sophistication of the measurements and the number of options selected.
		PC-based instruments became popular in the late 1980s when hundreds of companies began producing various types of data acquisition plug-in cards for the IBM PC, first for the ISA bus and later for EISA.
	www.evaluationengineering.com /pctest/articles/e711acqu.htm (1098 words)

	Hewlett Packard 9830A Desktop Programmable Calculator
		A wide range of peripheral devices were made by HP for connection to the 9800-series calculators, including printers, plotters, instrumentation bus controllers, parallel data ports, digitizing tablets, external cassette tape drives, and more.
		Tektronix had an "Instrument Pool", into which instrumentation would be put in that had either served out its original purpose, or were commonly used items in engineering areas.
		This machine was eventually retired from service in the Instrument Pool, and put up for sale at one of the many 'fire sales' that Tektronix used to liquidate outdated or obsolete equipment.
	www.oldcalculatormuseum.com /hp9830a.html (1747 words)

	GPIB Tutorial
		Virtual instruments are designed and built by the user to match specific needs by leveraging off the power and low cost of PCs and workstations.
		However, IEEE 488.2 instruments are easier to program because they respond to common commands and queries in a well defined manner using standard message exchange protocols and data formats.
		The signal routing component controls the connection of a signal to the instrument's internal functions; the measurement component converts the signal into a preprocessed form; and the signal generation component converts internal data to real-world signals.
	www.hit.bme.hu /people/papay/edu/GPIB/tutor.htm (3770 words)

	Embedded.com - The myth of the "ideal bus"
		Many companies promote a single technology as the ideal bus that meets all application needs, but in actuality, each bus technology has its own strengths and weaknesses and thus is appropriate for different applications.
		While 1394 is an effective bus technology for high-speed connectivity to digital camcorders, it has not achieved widespread acceptance in other applications, proving that an ideal bus does not exist.
		When comparing an instrumentation bus to a highway road, the latency would correlate to the number of stoplights in the road, while the bandwidth would correlate to the width of the road and the speed of travel.
	www.embedded.com /showArticle.jhtml?articleID=174402536 (922 words)

	About HP: History and Facts - 1970s
		The electronics industry adopts the HP-IB (interface bus) as an international standard to allow one or more instruments to connect easily to a computer.
		An HP veteran, Young, an engineer, is executive vice president responsible for HP's Instrument, Computer Systems and Components Groups at the time.
		HP introduces the HP-01 wrist instrument, a combination digital wristwatch, calculator and personal calendar.
	www.hp.com /hpinfo/abouthp/histnfacts/timeline/hist_70s.htm (666 words)

	Automatic Test Equipment on a Budget - Maxim/Dallas
		The IEEE-488 bus can conveniently connect the PC to multiple test instruments, which can not be accomplished by a parallel or serial port.
		When controlling the instruments within a test setup, the commands that initiate this control need to be defined.
		When the watchdog timer expires, indicating that the microprocessor is stuck in an infinite loop, it resets the instrument's microprocessor, restoring it to a known operating state.
	www.maxim-ic.com /appnotes.cfm/appnote_number/761 (4175 words)

	IEEE-488 HPIB/GPIB Cable -- DataPro
		The DataPro 1488 series cable is commonly used to extend an HPIB or GPIB bus (used by Hewlett-Packard).
		This stands for Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus or General Purpose Interface Bus, and is also known as IEEE 488.
		It is an 8-bit parallel interface for stringing up multiple communicating instruments for control by a single computer and/or other instruments.
	www.datapro.net /products/1488.html (141 words)

	The GPIB FAQ 1.0 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		This bus became quite popular, and in 1975 it was adopted by the IEEE as a standard-the IEEE-488 bus, also widely known as the general purpose instrumentation bus (GPIB).
		The three handshake signals and the bus management signals ATN, SRQ, and IFC have their own separate ground wires that run through the cable along with the signals as twisted pairs of wires.
		Each of the commands is sent over the bus as an ASCII string with ATN false, just like device-dependent messages are, and they have the form *name, where name is a three-letter mnemonic for the common command.
	members.fortunecity.com /ultravinnie/electronics/gpibfaq/gpibfaq.html (4711 words)

	Overview of IEEE - 488
		The IEEE-488 bus is a multidrop interface in which all connected devices have access to the bus lines.
		If the Attention bus management line (ATN) is asserted while the data is transferred, then the data lines are carrying a multiline command to be received by every bus device.
		Also, the sequence of the sending of commands and the reading of their responses is unspecified and varies from instrument to instrument.
	www.omega.com /temperature/Z/OverviewIEEE.html (2438 words)

	Cables To Go - Specialty Connector Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		IEEE-488 is a standard for communication widely used with testing/measurement devices and instruments.
		The technology was developed by Hewlett-Packard back in the 1970s, and was called HP-IB (Hewlett-Packard Instrument Bus).
		It is also referred to as GP-IB (General Purpose Interface Bus).
	www.cablestogo.com /resources/specialty.asp (405 words)

	LXI \| LAN eXtensions for Instrumentation \| About
		It later became as GPIB (general-purpose interface bus) and was found on nearly every instrument.
		For 30 years GPIB instruments (also known as rack-and-stack instruments) were the preferred architecture for test systems.
		These modular instruments (instruments-on-a-card) became very popular in Aerospace/Defense industry and manufacturing test applications where size and throughput were important.
	www.lxistandard.org /about (248 words)

	Build Your Measurement System on the Right Hardware Platform - Products and Services - National Instruments
		NI offers both PCI and PXI modular instruments with sample rates up to 200 MS/s and resolution up to 24 bits, so either platform is ideal for high-performance test applications.
		In manufacturing applications that use a trigger bus, for example, you can measure, move, and inspect simultaneously, which results in dramatic manufacturing throughput improvements.
		Many National Instruments PCI boards have a real-time system integration bus so you can synchronize sources, inputs, motion control, and vision.
	www.ni.com /modularinstruments/build.htm (1026 words)

	July 1997 DE VXI Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		With all due respect to Allen Bradley, Honeywell, and others, we can start by saying "once upon a time there was the PLC." All disparagement aside, the PLC was, and in many cases is, the workhorse of DA in the manufacturing environment and in industries such as oil and gas.
		The ISA bus is definitely too slow, and PCI bus, while it has the speed, lacks the required robustness.
		the throughput between instruments and the computer, designed to preserve the integrity of instruments, designed for high reliability, and designed to leverage the cardcage [also referred to as a "mainframe" or "chassis"], which provides for power and cooling among instruments, switches, and computers plugged into its backplane.
	www.deskeng.com /articles/97/July/gould.htm (2027 words)

	1026 pinouts found @ pinouts.ru
		The Hewlett-Packard Instrument Bus (HP-IB), implemented with name GPIB - General Purpose Instrumentation Bus by othe manufacturers, is a short-range digital communications standard developed by Hewlett-Packard (HP) for connecting electronic test and measurement devices (e.g.
		NuBus is a 32-bit parallel computer bus, originally developed at MIT as a part of the NuMachine workstation project, and eventually used by Apple Computer and NeXT Computer.
		The PCI Bus is a high performance bus for interconnecting chips, expansion boards, and processor/memory subsystems.
	pinouts.ru /cgi-bin/view_filt.cgi (6533 words)

	Functional Testing of Version 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		It is a parallel bus (transfers data in eight- or sixteen-bit chunks) consisting of eight data I/O (input/output) lines, eight control lines – three handshake lines and five bus-management lines, and eight ground lines for shielding and ground returns.
		Although the maximum data transfer rate of the IEEE-488 bus is 1 MB/sec, the actual throughput (amount of data processed per unit time) is always lower than the maximum data transfer rate.
		The IEEE-488 bus is depicted in the block diagram of Figure 3.
	sist.fnal.gov /archive/1999-topics/Thomas/thomas.html (2892 words)

	Customer Case Studies - Astronomical USB Camera
		In the first step, power is applied to the camera which reports to the USB bus that it is a "Trifid Camera before re-numeration", which means without any code.
		When the camera receives this code, it momentarily disconnects from the USB bus and when it reconnects (a process called renumeration), it identifies itself as a Trifid Camera that is ready to run.
		At this point WinDriver was used to load a second driver which is the interface to the camera.
	www.jungo.com /application_story_astro.html (725 words)

	Benchlink Suite software (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		The function generator (FG), digital multimeter (DMM), and the oscilloscope are connected by a instrumentation bus called GPIB (General Purpose Instrumentation Bus).
		This connection between instruments is similar to the ethernet connection found in computers.
		The software communicated with the instruments using GPIB commands and almost all the functions of the instrument are available from the PC.
	www.seas.upenn.edu /ese/rca/software/benchlink.html (230 words)

	GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-08)
		Often referred to as the IEEE-488.2 bus, GPIB bus or HP-IB bus, the GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus) is a standard for instrumentation communication and control for instruments from manufactures the world over.
		In 1965, Hewlett-Packard designed the Hewlett-Packard Interface Bus (HP-IB) to connect their line of programmable instruments to their computers.
		Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments (SCPI) took the command structures defined in IEEE 488.2 and created a single, comprehensive programming command set that is used with any SCPI instrument.
	www.weizmann.ac.il /physics/services/edaq/GPIB.html (176 words)

	IEEE 488 GPID
		I think it is actually GPIB or "General Purpose Instrumentation Bus" formerly known originally as HPIB or Hewlett-Packard Instrument Bus" and it is very seldom used.
		GPIB was used as an instrumentation bus between test instruments and the 'controller'.
		GPID stands for: "General Purpose Interface Bus" and it is a standard bus used for controlling electronic instruments with a computer via parallel interfaces.
	www.control.com /962039339/index_html (827 words)

	DADiSP Products: Modules: GPIBLab Full Description
		The bus was standardized by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers as the IEEE Standard Digital Interface for Programmable Instrumentation, IEEE-488.1.
		Data collected from your instruments via GPIB is displayed automatically in DADiSP's multi-window graphical analysis Worksheet.
		Worksheet environment, all of the DADiSP analysis and graphics functionality is available to reduce, analyze and output your data.
	www.dadisp.com /gpiblab1.htm (374 words)

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