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	Kurdish Hezbollah - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Kurdish Hezbollah (Kurdish: Hizbullahi Kurdi) or Turkish Hezbollah is a Kurdish Islamic (Sunni) extremist organization that arose in the late 1980s in response to alleged Kurdistan Workers Party atrocities against Muslims in southeastern Turkey, where many have proposed that Kurdish Hezbollah seeks to establish an independent Islamic state of Kurdistan [1].
		Huseyin Velioglu, the former leader of Turkey's Hezbollah was killed on January 17, 2000, by members of the Turkish police forces (Beykoz, Istanbul).
		Turkey, primarily the Diyarbakir region of southeastern Turkey.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hezbollah_(Turkey) (570 words)

	The survival of Hezbollah - Turkish Daily News Aug 13, 2006
		Hezbollah as a Shia organization is in contrast and opposition to the Sunni al-Qaeda.
		The Lebanese Hezbollah is a strange bedfellow with Lebanese Christian parties, in coalition with Michel Aoun of the Independent Patriot government, with two ministers in the government, 12 seats in the 128 member Lebanese Parliament with 157 municipalities under Hezbollah control.
		Turkey's Hezbollah was purely sectarian and fundamentally religious, fighting with the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK), killing prominent personalities in the Southeast in places like Diyarbakır, Batman, Mardin, Nusaybin and Silvan.
	www.turkishdailynews.com.tr /article.php?enewsid=51318 (1446 words)

	Turkey News
		Turkey, the only Muslim member of NATO and a country with close ties to both Israel and Arab states, moved closer Monday to agreeing to send troops to Lebanon, while Italy approved 2,500 troops in a boost to an expanded international force.
		Turkey has not specified how many troops it could send, but the presence of Muslim soldiers in the force is seen as crucial to its acceptance in Lebanon.
		Government officials have said the deployment is a critical move to boost Turkey's influence in an area Turks ruled for 400 years during the Ottoman Empire and that Turkey regards as its own backyard.
	www.turkeygrid.com /content/view/109/2 (596 words)

	subter » Hezbollah and Ensuring Peace in Lebanon
		Hezbollah’s rationale for keeping its arms is that it is committed to driving Israel from Lebanon and that, in spite of all the evidence to the contrary, Israel didn’t complete its withdrawal in 2000.
		Hezbollah in return acknowledges the spiritual authority of Iran’s Ayatollah Khamenei, and Iran’s financial support is thought to be a primary source of Hezbollah’s operational abilities.
		Hezbollah’s response to the post-war environment has been to mount political demonstrations and reach across sectarian lines to ally itself with other pro-Syrian parliamentarians (the current government is anti-Syrian).
	www.subter.com /is/?p=31 (1524 words)

	Government crackdown against the Hezbollah in Turkey
		This is why Hezbollah has now become a threat to the stability of the Turkish state, something which the European Union (EU) and the United States are insisting must be maintained, under the euphemism “democratisation”.
		Turkey is regarded as a decisive Western bridgehead to the countries of the Middle East, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
		Turkey cannot seriously fulfil the role of regional power and a bastion for NATO if it is continually being rocked by domestic conflicts between the Kemalists, the Islamists and Kurdish nationalists.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2000/feb2000/hezb-f16.shtml (1343 words)

	Iran and the Middle East crises (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Turkey and Iran are weaving a game of deceit and manipulation that is becoming increasingly clear and posing yet another challenge to the already beleaguered Kurds.
		Turkey is pressuring the U.S. to support its action against PKK and is accusing the U.S. of having a double standard policy with regard to the Kurdish issue.
		Turkey is drawing an analogy between the war between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon, which is supported by the U.S., and opposing action against PKK, which Turkey and Washington both consider to be a terrorist organization.
	www.kurdmedia.com /news.asp?id=12999 (1221 words)

	MIDEAST observer: Israel, Lebanon, Iran. World terrorism. » Annan urges Hezbollah to free soldiers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Turkey’s Parliament will convene later this week or early next week to debate becoming part of an expanded U.N. force.
		Visiting Beirut on the first leg of an 11-day Mideast tour, Annan said he was renewing his “call for the abducted soldiers to be free,” and urged Hezbollah to transfer them to the Lebanese government “or a third party” under the auspices of the international Red Cross.
		Turkey ruled Lebanon for 400 years during the Ottoman Empire and many Turkish officials want their country to have a say in an area that they regard as their country’s backyard.
	middeast.com /archives/186 (1113 words)

	Anadolu Agency: News in English, 00-02-15
		Turkey informed the European Union (EU) that it wanted to participate in the rapid deployment force, which would be established within the structure of the EU, with a brigade.
		Speaking to reporters about the operation carried out against the Hezbollah organization in eastern province of Van, Tantan, who is in Beijing for an official visit, said that the Hezbollah terrorist organization remained in secrecy and hasn't clashed with the state so far.
		Turkey and Germany are very powerful countries of Europe and two partners of NATO, said Cem and added that the cooperation between the two countries in political and economic fields also means strengthening of Europe.
	www.hri.org /news/turkey/anadolu/2000/00-02-15.anadolu.html (6758 words)

	Turkey: The best choice to lead a Lebanon force
		Turkey is uniquely positioned to lead a robust multinational force that can assume control over southern Lebanon and gradually hand it over to the Lebanese Army.
		Turkey would get a chance not only to enhance its prestige in the region, but also to strengthen its relations with the West and improve its chances of eventually joining the European Union.
		If Turkey succeeds in calming Lebanon, it should be granted points toward its EU accession and a seat at the table of the great powers working toward peace and security in Iraq and throughout the Middle East.
	www.heritage.org /Press/Commentary/ed081106b.cfm (750 words)

	cbs11tv.com - Annan Demands Hezbollah Free Israelis (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Annan met with Mohammed Fneish, one of two Hezbollah ministers in Saniora's Cabinet, in the first direct contact with the guerrilla group during the U.N. chief's Lebanon visit.
		The United States, the European Union and Israel also were pressing for peacekeepers from Turkey, the only Muslim member of NATO, and a country with close ties to Israel and Arab countries.
		In Germany, which has mediated past prisoner exchanges between Hezbollah and Israel, German deputy foreign minister Gernot Erler told ZDF television that a meeting between Livni and German intelligence chief Ernst Uhrlau would include discussion of efforts to get the Israeli soldiers released.
	cbs11tv.com /topstories/topstories_story_240133906.html (1088 words)

	The New Anatolian - Turkey eyes Hezbollah's cooperation
		Turkey, before a final decision on sending troops to Lebanon, has stepped up efforts to clarify the mission and makeup of the peacekeeping force in extensive talks with the Lebanese government and possible contributors to the force.
		Turkey is against the force having a disarmament role and prefers that it to be deployed following a substantive cease-fire agreement between the parties involved in the conflict.
		Turkish military officials in talks with UN The New Anatolian learned that Turkey is participating in talks among the possible contributors to the force at the UN, with a group of military officials and diplomats.
	www.thenewanatolian.com /tna-12901.html (1064 words)

	deseretnews.com \| U.N. chief demands Hezbollah release 2 captives, lifting of Israeli blockade of Lebanon
		BEIRUT, Lebanon — U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan demanded Monday that Hezbollah release two captured Israeli soldiers to the international Red Cross, and that Israel lift its air and sea blockade of Lebanon.
		Also Monday, Turkey's Cabinet voted to send peacekeepers, becoming the only Muslim country that has relations with Israel to propose deploying troops.
		Annan met with Mohammed Fneish, one of two Hezbollah ministers in Prime Minister Fuad Saniora's Cabinet, in the first direct contact with the guerrilla group during the U.N. chief's Lebanon visit.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,645196773,00.html (1041 words)

	Symposium: Turkey: The Road to Sharia?
		Turkey needs to patch up its relationship with the U.S. (The EU may be an economic power, but the U.S. is a global power with unprecedented might).
		The people running Turkey today are not true democrats, who accept the vox populi, but soft totalitarians who learned their lesson from the failed Erbakan prime ministry of 1996-97 and intend not to repeat it.
		Turkey is united against the PKK, a terror group that targets civilians, killing children, people at malls, nurses in government clinics and teachers in schools.
	www.danielpipes.org /article/2592 (6829 words)

	Wide Angle. Printable Pages \| PBS
		Turkey should be a part of the European Union and that is good for Europe because then Europe would be related with the Islamic world as well as Turkic nations of the central Asia and with Russia and, you know, it's good for Europe.
		She's from Turkey -- actually she was born in Holland -- her parents are from Turkey.
		Turkey was being rejected or Turkey was being crushed.
	www.pbs.org /wnet/wideangle/printable/transcript_turkey_print.html (7047 words)

	SignOnSanDiego.com > News > World -- Annan says a national consensus in Lebanon is needed to disarm Hezbollah
		Annan called on Hezbollah militants in southern Lebanon to lay down their weapons and devote themselves to political activities, adding that Lebanon must take the initiative in disarming Hezbollah.
		Turkey's ruling party lawmakers voted Tuesday in favor of the deployment of peacekeeping troops, despite objections from opposition parties and street protests by thousands of people.
		Turkey is the first Muslim nation with diplomatic ties with Israel to pledge troops for the force.
	www.signonsandiego.com /news/world/20060906-0614-mideast-turkey.html (646 words)

	Hezbollah (disambiguation) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hezbollah of Turkey, unrelated to the above, is a Kurdish Islamic Sunni group in Turkey
		Kurdish Revolutionary Hezbollah is an Iraqi Kurdish Islamist group founded in 1983 and disbanded in 2002.
		Hezbollah is a political and spiritual notion in Iran
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hezbollah_(disambiguation) (212 words)

	The Hizbollah Factor
		In the wake of the Israel-Hezbollah war, Turkey has insisted that the PKK poses a similar threat to Turkey that Hezbollah does to Israel (and for that matter, to Lebanon).
		August 24, 2006: The PKK is ready to consider a ceasefire with Turkey.
		August 9, 2006: Turkey reported that its security forces killed six PKK guerrillas in a firefight "near" the Iraqi border.
	www.aina.org /news/20060827152423.htm (612 words)

	friendly printed version:In the Spotlight: Turkish Hezbollah
		Cooperation soon turned to rivalry however, with Hezbollah accusing the PKK of murdering Muslims, cooperating with Armenians, serving communism and seeking to divide the Muslim community.
		It is widely believed that Turkish Hezbollah had previously been covertly backed by the country’s security apparatus and used as a government pawn.
		Turkish people were reportedly unsurprised by rumors about the connection between Turkish Hezbollah and certain factions of the state bureaucracy, as the emergence of such secretive inner circles, each determined to “save the state” by any means available, was a natural corollary of Turkey’s security-first structure.
	www.cdi.org /friendlyversion/printversion.cfm?documentID=1928 (1124 words)

	TEHRAN SILENT ON CRACK-DOWN OF TURKISH HEZBOLLAH PARTY (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		The Turkish Hezbollah is not related to the Lebanese organisation of the same name that fights Israel in South Lebanon, but experts says both are backed by the neighbouring Islamic Republic of Iran.
		As the incidents coincided with the visit to Turkey by Iranian Foreign Minister Kamal Kharazi, who arrived in the country on Monday, some sources speculated that the shootout at the Turkish Hezbollah Party was timed deliberately with the visit.
		On his return from Turkey on Thursday, Kharrazi said his visit was ''highly constructive and positive'' that would open "a new era" in relations between Tehran and Ankara.
	www.iran-press-service.com /articles/turkey_hezbollah_20100.htm (583 words)

	BEKIR YILDIZ v. TURKEY - 49156/99 [2005] ECHR 574 (6 September 2005)
		He was accused of disseminating propaganda in support of an armed illegal organisation, namely the Hezbollah, and of provoking hatred and hostility on the basis of a distinction between races and regions.
		In the light of all the evidence before it, the court rejected the applicant's assertions that Hezbollah was not active in Turkey and that it was solely a national movement which operated in Palestine.
		Turkey, judgment of 28 October 1998, Reports of Judgments and Decisions 1998-VII), and in view of the materials submitted to it, the Court considers that the case raises complex issues of law and fact under the Convention, the determination of which should depend on an examination of the merits.
	www.worldlii.org /eu/cases/ECHR/2005/574.html (2436 words)

	PKK is not Hezbollah (KurdishMedia.com) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Turkey says that Israel's recent action in Lebanon to stop Hezbollah attacks means that Turkey should be allowed to take similar steps against Kurdish guerrillas operating from northern Iraq against Turkish forces.
		Hezbollah is a neo-Islamic fascism movement that promotes a close-minded fanatic ideology that is not only a threat to Israel but also to the Muslim religion and the world.
		Second, while Hezbollah has its own government and army free from Israel and chooses to continually attack civilian targets in and outside Israel, PKK does not go outside Turkey and targets only military installations within Turkey.
	www.kurdmedia.com /articles.asp?id=12913 (611 words)

	Arms for Hezbollah passed through Turkey: Israel -DAWN - International; August 19, 2006
		Israeli sources said two Iranian planes were forced to land in south-eastern Turkey in recent weeks after Israel told the Turkish military they suspected the planes were carrying Chinese-made missiles for Hezbollah.
		Turkey is expected to commit troops to a U.N. force in Lebanon which Israel hopes will help enforce the arms embargo.
		Turkey has the second biggest army in NATO and has long experience of peacekeeping from Afghanistan to Kosovo.
	www.dawn.com /2006/08/19/int9.htm (537 words)

	Global Security Updates -- August 15, 2006
		Franceâs Foreign Minister, Philippe Douste-Blazy, traveling to Lebanon today insists that Hezbollahâs withdrawal to north of the Litani River and disarmament in accordance with UN Resolution 1559 âare indispensableâ for deployment of the international forces it is tasked with leading.
		Hezbollahâs cabinet ministers reject doing so in haste, asking instead for further national dialogue.
		This was followed by a high-profile visit by Saudi King Abdullah to Turkey in which the countries signed six bilateral agreements, highlighting economic ties while downplaying military agreements.
	www.veteransforamerica.org /index.cfm/Page/Article/ID/7724 (1840 words)

	People's Daily Online -- Annan welcomes Turkey's decision to send troops to Lebanon
		Visiting UN Secretary General Kofi Annan praised Turkey's decision to join the expanded UN force in Lebanon, saying such contributions were "a sign of international solidarity".
		Annan arrived here Tuesday on the last leg of his Middle East tour, while Turkey's parliament endorsed the government's motion authorizing the deployment of peacekeeping troops to Lebanon, thus making Turkey the first Muslim nation with diplomatic ties with Israel to pledge troops for the UN force.
		The UN chief said that Turkey's contribution would provide an important boost to efforts in expanding the UN force from the current 2,000 to 15,000 troops, adding that Europeans would join the international force with 7,000 soldiers, and this number could raise to 8,000 or more after the participation of Turkey.
	english.people.com.cn /200609/07/eng20060907_300328.html (572 words)

	The Pony Express » Blog Archive » Turkish Opinion: The War in Iraq
		If Turkey is respected today in the Arab world, it’s not because the people are Muslim, but because it refused to cooperate with the US in the invasion of Iraq.
		If today Turkey can establish dialogue with all sides in Iraq, it’s because the March 1st memorandum was rejected and the October 7th memorandum wasn’t implemented.
		It has helped Hezbollah and Hamas to gain undeserved sympathy and support among not only the Lebanese Shiites and Palestinians, but also among all Lebanese citizens, all Palestinians, all Muslims, and all people with a minimum sense of justice and fairness.
	www.theponyexpress.org /wordpress/?p=82 (1609 words)

	Turkey working to prevent Iranian arms for Hezbollah, State Dept. says - Turkish Daily News Aug 19, 2006
		Turkey is taking the necessary measures to prevent Iran from transferring arms to the radical Shiite group Hezbollah in Lebanon, the U.S. State Department said, shortly after reports that Israel had urged Ankara to impose a blockade against such transfers.
		The sources said Turkey is a key to arms transfers because alternative arms shipment routes through Iraq and Jordan have been blocked.
		Turkey's Hürriyet newspaper said the planes were searched and no weapons were found.
	www.turkishdailynews.com.tr /article.php?enewsid=51843 (765 words)

	Annan Demands Hezbollah Free Israelis - August 28, 2006 - The New York Sun
		BEIRUT, Lebanon (AP) - Secretary-General Annan demanded Monday that Hezbollah release two captured Israeli soldiers to the international Red Cross, and that Israel lift its air and sea blockade of Lebanon.
		Lebanese Prime Minister Fuad Saniora led Annan on a tour of Beirut's southern suburbs, an area ravaged by Israeli airstrikes during the 34-day war.
		Hundreds of Lebanese shouted pro- Hezbollah slogans and booed him as he toured the rubble-strewn streets.
	www.nysun.com /article/38682 (405 words)

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