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	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 450 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		But while Hicetas was secretly aiming at the expulsion of Dionysius, for the purpose of establishing himself in his place, the fears of a Carthaginian invasion, and the desire to restore tranquillity to the island, led the Sicilians (the Syracusan exiles among the rest) to send an embassy imploring assistance from Corinth.
		Hicetas, learning,that that general was advancing to occupy Adranum, hastened thither to anticipate him, but was defeated with heavy loss ; and shortly afterwards Dionysius surrendered the citadel into the hands of the Corinthian leader.
		Hicetas, finding that he had now to cope with a new enemy, and having failed in an attempt to rid himself of Timoleon by assassination, determined to have recourse openly to the assistance of Carthage, and introduced Mago, at the head of a numerous fleet and army, into the port and city itself of Syracuse.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/1558.html (899 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 1139 (v. 3) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The latter, however, contrived to outwit the Carthaginian commander at Rhegium, and crossed over in safety to Tauro-menium, where he was kindly received by Andro-maehus, the tyrant of the place, and by the Syra-cusan exiles.
		Hicetas, finding that he had to contend alone with Timoleon, first attempted to remove his rival by assassination, and, after the failure of this attempt, openly had recourse to the Carthaginians, and introduced Mago with his fleet and army into the port and city of Syracuse.
		Hicetas now seemed certain of success, for the Carthaginian force is said to have amounted to 50,000 men; but Timoleon did not despair, and showed himself quite equal to the emergency.
	www.ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/3473.html (1060 words)

	[No title]
		Hicetas was defeated at Adranum, an inland town, and driven back to Syracuse.
		Hicetas now received help from Carthage (6o,0oo men), but ill-success roused mutual suspicion; the Carthaginians abandoned Hicetas, who was besieged in Leontini, and compelled to surrender.
		But it ended (338) in the defeat of Hicetas, who was taken prisoner and put to death; by a treaty the dominion of Carthage in Sicily was confined to the west of the Halycus (Platani).
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /correction/edit?content_id=65913&locale=en (687 words)

	Timoleon - LoveToKnow 1911
		At this time Hicetas, tyrant of Leontini, was master of Syracuse, with the exception of the island of Ortygia, which was occupied by Dionysius, still nominally tyrant.
		Hicetas now received help from Carthage (60,000 men), but ill-success roused mutual suspicion; the Carthaginians abandoned Hicetas, who was besieged in Leontini, and compelled to surrender.
		Hicetas again induced Carthage to send (34 o -330) a great army (70,000), which landed at Lilybaeum (Marsala).
	www.1911encyclopedia.org /Timoleon (670 words)

	Kids.Net.Au - Encyclopedia > Timoleon
		He at once began the work of restoration, bringing new settlers from the mother-city and from Greece generally, and establishing a popular government on the basis of the democratic laws of Diocles.
		Hicetas again induced Carthage to send (340-339) a great army (70,000), which landed at Lilybaeum (Marsala).
		But it ended (338) in the defeat of Hicetas, who was taken prisoner and put to death; by a treaty the dominion of Carthage--in Sicily was confined to the west of the Halycus (Platani).
	www.kids.net.au /encyclopedia-wiki/ti/Timoleon (683 words)

	A History of Africa, Chapter 3
		When the defenders of Ortygia told the troops of Hicetas that it was disgraceful for Greeks to use Carthaginians to conquer a Greek city, morale among the attackers slipped, and Mago used this as an excuse to leave.
		The Carthaginian response was swift and effective; one year later we hear about Hicetas losing a battle in the vicinity of Leontini, meaning that the Carthaginians had marched almost all the way across the island.
		Hicetas was overthrown, but the Syracusans split into two factions instead of choosing another leader, while Acragas sat out the war altogether.
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /africa/carthage.html (9490 words)

	Ethics of Philip, Demosthenes, and Alexander by Sanderson Beck
		Hicetas, who was hoping to rule with the help of the Carthaginians, told him to send his ships back to Corinth, because the navy of Carthage would not let them stay in these waters.
		Timoleon then drove Hicetas out of Epipolae and Syracuse; the hated fortress of Ortygia was finally torn down, and courts for administering justice were erected in its place.
		Timoleon compelled Hicetas at Leontini to capitulate and become a private citizen, and the despot Leptines was removed from Apollonia.
	www.san.beck.org /EC22-Alexander.html (14797 words)

	TIMOLEON (c. 411-337 B... - Online Information article about TIMOLEON (c. 411-337 B...
		Hicetas was defeated at Adranum, an inland See also:
		ill-success roused mutual suspicion; the Carthaginians abandoned Hicetas, who was besieged in Leontini, and compelled to surrender.
		But it ended (338) in the defeat of Hicetas, who was taken prisoner and put to death; by a treaty the dominion of Carthage in Sicily was confined to the See also:
	encyclopedia.jrank.org /THE_TOO/TIMOLEON_c_411_337_BC_.html (921 words)

	Pythagoreanism
		This theory arose because both Hicetas and Ecphantus are said to have made the earth rotate on its axis, while the heavens remained fixed, in order to explain astronomical phenomena, and, in one report, Heraclides is paired with Ecphantus as having adopted this view (Aetius III 13.3 =DK I 442.23).
		The doxographical reports about Hicetas and Ecphantus ultimately rely on Theophrastus (Cicero mentions Theophrastus by name at DK I 441.27), and it is implausible that Theophrastus would treat characters invented by his older contemporary, Heraclides, as historical figures.
		The testimonia for Hicetas are meager and contradictory (DK I 441-442).
	plato.stanford.edu /entries/pythagoreanism (19393 words)

	Sicily
		There were revolutions in the cities of Sicily and southern Italy and effective government came to an end.
		Hicetas had liberated Syracuse from the tyranny of Dionysius II, who was isolated on the citadel in the island of Ortygia in the Syracusan harbor.
		It sent ships to support Hicetas and in the year 344/343, its diplomats concluded alliances with Italian towns (the alliance with Rome is often but erroneously dated to the year 348, confusing Varronian and common chronology).
	www.livius.org /sh-si/sicily/sicily05.html (1053 words)

	Geocentric model - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Pythagorean system has already been mentioned; some Pythagoreans believed the Earth to be one of several planets going around a central fire.
		Hicetas and Ecphantus, two Pythagoreans of the 5th century BC, and Heraclides Ponticus in the 4th century BC, believed that the Earth rotated on its axis but remained at the center of the universe.
		It was revived in the Middle Ages by Jean Buridan.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ptolemaic_model (1940 words)

	Timoleon - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		A Corinthian, he went (344) with a small army to Syracuse in answer to the appeal of the Syracusans to their mother city, Corinth, for aid against Dionysius the Younger.
		Timoleon fought against Dionysius, as well as against Hicetas, tyrant of Leontini, who hoped to usurp Dionysius's power, and against Hicetas's Carthaginian allies.
		He drove Dionysius and Hicetas from Syracuse, set up a democratic government, and brought new Greek colonists.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/t/timoleon.asp (342 words)

	History of Philosophy 10
		Heraclides of Pontus is remarkable for having taught the diurnal revolution of the earth on its axis, and the immobility of the fixed stars.
		These views were first proposed by Hicetas of Sicily and by Ecphantus, who was also a Sicilian.
		Philip of Opus is generally believed to be the author of Epinomis and the editor of the Laws, of which the Epinomis is a continuation.
	www2.nd.edu /Departments/Maritain/etext/hop10.htm (769 words)

	Astronomy
		To explain the apparent motion of the fixed stars, Hicetas taught his students that the earth was spinning on its own axis.
		Aristarchus believed that sun was the centre of the universe, that the wanderers (planets) rotated around the sun as did the earth, the moon was an exception as it was obvious it went around the earth.
		He immediately set out to measure the angle between the moon and the sun, and using his trigonometric tables (yes they sort of already existed back then) he concluded that the tangent of 87 degrees being about 20, the sun was 20 times further away from the earth than was the moon.
	jacq.istos.com.au /sundry/astro.html (1843 words)

	352. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		Athens could not secure help from the other Greeks, and even Demosthenes favored peace.
		Dionysius II returned to Syracuse and briefly ruled as tyrant but was replaced in 345, first by Hicetas, tyrant of Leontini, and then by Timoleon, a Corinthian, who took the city with a small mercenary force.
		Timoleon did not make himself tyrant but instituted a moderate oligarchy, with the priest (amphipolos) of Zeus as chief magistrate and with 600 rich citizens as a council.
	www.bartleby.com /67/204.html (539 words)

	The Earth: Flat or Spherical?
		It was a bold idea that may have had some influence on later Greek thought.
		Other Greek philosophers of the sixth to fourth centuries B.C. who are said to have believed in a moving earth are Hicetas, Heracleides, and Ecphantus...
		So, far from being an unknown thought, this was an opinion held by a considerable number of the Greek astronomers.
	www.answering-islam.org /Science/earth-sphere.html (870 words)

	Untitled Document
		His doctrine is that all things are brought about by necessity and in harmonious inter-relation.
		He was the first to declare that the earth moves in a circle, though some say that it was Hicetas of Syracuse.
		He wrote one book, and it was this work which, according to Hermippus, some writer said that Plato the philosopher, when he went to Sicily to Dionysius's court, bought from Philolaus's relatives for the sum of forty Alexandrine minas of silver, from which also the Timaeus was transcribed.
	www.wbenjamin.org /nc/diogenes.html (1218 words)

	BookRags: Aristarchus of Samos Summary
		His universe was spherical with a stationary Sun at its center and the stars fixed at the periphery.
		Following Hicetas, he had Earth rotate about its axis.
		He then introduced the revolutionary concept of Earth traveling in a circular orbit about the Sun.
	www.bookrags.com /sciences/sciencehistory/aristarchus-of-samos-scit-011232.html (634 words)

	Their Model of the Universe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Pythagoras noticed that the motions of the sun, the moon and the planets are independent of the daily rotation of the Earth and in the opposite direction.
		The Pythagorean system is attributed to Philolaus or to Hicetas and displaces the Earth from the center.
		The universe is spherical and finite in size.
	students.washington.edu /jlembeck/their_model_of_the_universe.html (247 words)

	Index of names: Hi
		287/6_ Hicetas establishes himself as tyrant of Syracuse.
		280/18 Hicetas of Syracuse defeats Phintias of Acragas.
		278/10 Thoenon replaces Hicetas as leader of Syracuse.
	www.attalus.org /names/hi.html (825 words)

	Galileo's Considerations on the Copernican Opinion (1615)
		That it is not to be disparaged as ridiculous is, therefore, clearly shown by the quality of the men, both ancient and modern, who have held and do hold it.
		No one can regard it as ridiculous unless he considers ridiculous and foolish Pythagoras with all his school, Philolaus (teacher of Plato), Plato himself (as Aristotle testifies in his book On the Heavens), Heraclides of Pontus, Ecphantus, Aristarchus of Samos, Hicetas and Seleucus the mathematician.
		Seneca himself not only does not ridicule it, hut he makes fun of those who do, writing in his book On Comets: “It is also important to study these questions in order to learn whether the universe goes around the motionless earth, or the earth rotates but the universe does not.
	www.marxists.org /reference/subject/philosophy/works/it/galileo.htm (4538 words)

	Heliocentric Models of the World - World Systems - Scientific Revolution - Dr Robert A. Hatch (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Heraclides believed that the Sphere of Fixed Stars was at rest.
		A number of ancients followed Heraclides' suggestion, among them Hicetas, Ecphantus, Martianus Capella, and perhaps others.
		Best known was the 'Ancient Copernicus', Aristarchus of Samos.
	www.clas.ufl.edu /users/rhatch/pages/03-Sci-Rev/SCI-REV-Home/resource-ref-read/chief-systems/08-0COP2-WSYS.html (246 words)

	A brief History of Secularism
		It cannot be ignored that Copernicus was probably familiar with Cicero's summary of Carneades's theory of induction, as suggested by his remark in his Preface to ON THE REVOLUTIONS OF THE HEAVENLY SPHERES (1543) that he had first encountered in Cicero the concept of the earth's motion as suggested by Nicetas (sic).
		Copernicus could only have been referring to the ancient astronomer, Hicetas, spelled with an H, and ACADEMICA is the only extant text in which Cicero mentions Hicetas, just a few pages after Cicero's explanation of Carneades's theory of probability and the suspension of belief.
		One may assume that Copernicus experienced epoche (or suspended disbelief) as he labored to make a full mathematical explanation of his heliocentric cosmology as an alternative to the Ptolemaic geocentric model.
	www.edwardjayne.com /secular/biblio.html (15693 words)

	Ethics of Roman Expansion to 133 BC by Sanderson Beck
		After Fabricius informed him of a plot to assassinate him, Pyrrhus once again released Roman prisoners without ransom.
		Hicetas ruled Syracuse for nine years after the death of Agathocles; but in 279 BC he was replaced by Thoenon and Sosistratus, who fought each other, and both invited to Sicily Pyrrhus, who had previously married Agathocles' daughter.
		Concerned about Sicily, the Carthaginians had offered Rome naval and financial aid and blockaded Syracuse with a hundred ships, while 50,000 men wasted the surrounding territory.
	www.san.beck.org /EC24-RomanExpansion.html (15529 words)

	"Plato and Platonism" by H. P. Blavatsky
		Herakleides, though some critics do not believe him to have strictly adhered to Plato's primal philosophy (cf.
		Zeller presents him to us imparting, like Hicetas and Ecphantus, the Pythagorean doctrine of the diurnal rotation of the earth and the immobility of the fixed stars, but adds that he was ignorant of the annual revolution of the earth around the sun, and of the heliocentric system.
		Akademie.") But we have good evidence that the latter system was taught in the Mysteries, and that Socrates died for atheism, i.e., for divulging this sacred knowledge.
	www.theosophy-nw.org /theosnw/world/med/rel-hpb1.htm (4412 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
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		Description Pleasant Hicetas, AE 17 ImagePayments, Shipping Costs and Terms of Sale, AE 17, Sicily, Syracuse, 288-279 BC, 5.36g.
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	www.wildwinds.com /coins/greece/sicily/syracuse/Calciati_158.txt (222 words)

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