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	Hiero II of Syracuse - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hiero II, tyrant of Syracuse from 270 to 215 BC, was the illegitimate son of a Syracusan noble, Hierocles, who claimed descent from Gelo.
		Hiero at once joined the Punic leader Hanno, who had recently landed in Sicily; but being defeated by the consul Appius Claudius Caudex, he withdrew to Syracuse.
		A picture of the prosperity of Syracuse during his rule is given in the sixteenth idyll of Theocritus, his favourite poet.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hiero_II_of_Syracuse (354 words)

	Royal Family of Syracuse (Hiero II)
		Hiero had observed that the dispatch of a Syracusan army on an expedition under the command of the supreme magistrates invariably resulted in quarrels among the leaders and the outbreaks of revolutionary activity of some kind.
		This Hiero made an alliance with Pyrrhus the son of Aeacides, sealing it by the marriage of Gelo his son and Nereis the daughter of Pyrrhus.
		Hiero is in the first place a more interesting subject [than his grandson Hieronymos] because he established himself as the ruler of Syracuse and her allies entirely through his own abilities, for he owed neither wealth, nor reputation nor anything else to Fortune.
	www.mcs.drexel.edu /~crorres/Archimedes/Family/Hiero.html (1968 words)

	Sicily - The Death of Hiero II (215 BC) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Sicily - The Death of Hiero II (215 BC)
		This alarmed the pro-Roman faction within Syracuse, and so in 214 BC while Hieronymos was visiting the neighboring Greek city of Leontini they had him assassinated, ending his 13-month reign.
		His assassination led to civil war in Syracuse between the pro-Carthaginian and pro-Roman factions, during which most of Hiero's family was killed.
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /punic2-hiero-death.htm (154 words)

	Mamertines - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In around 270 BC, the Mamertine exploits came to the attention of Syracuse, by word of the refugees from the tormented settlements.
		Hiero II of Syracuse began to gather an army of citizens with which to rid the land of the destroyers of the peace and rescue his Greek kinsmen.
		When Hiero returned to besiege their base in 265 BC the Mamertines called for help to both Rome and Carthage bringing together the two Mediterranean giants.
	www.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mamertines (685 words)

	Hiero II. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		B.C., Greek Sicilian ruler, tyrant of Syracuse (c.270–c.215
		Hiero then entered into a treaty with the Romans, which recognized his dominion over SE Sicily and the east coast to Tauromenium (Taormina).
		Hiero faithfully abided by the terms of the peace.
	www.bartleby.com /65/hi/Hiero2.html (203 words)

	Hiero II of Syracuse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Hiero II, tyrant of Syracuse from 270 to 215 BC, was the illegitimate son of a Syracusan noble, Hierocles, who claimeddescent from Gelo.
		Hiero at once joined the Punic leader Hanno,who had recently landed in Sicily; but being defeated by the consul Appius Claudius Caudex, he withdrew to Syracuse.
		Pressed by the Roman forces,in 263 he was compelled to conclude a treaty with Rome, by which he was to rule overthe south-east of Sicily and the eastern coast as far as Tauromenium (Polybius i.
	www.therfcc.org /hiero-ii-of-syracuse-153400.html (312 words)

	Hiero II of Syracuse -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Hiero II, tyrant of (The Athenian siege of Syracuse (415-413 BC) was eventually won by Syracuse) Syracuse from (Click link for more info and facts about 270) 270 to 215 BC, was the illegitimate son of a Syracusan noble, Hierocles, who claimed descent from (Click link for more info and facts about Gelo) Gelo.
		They were finally defeated in a pitched battle near Mylae by Hiero, who was only prevented from capturing Messana by (A native or inhabitant of ancient Carthage) Carthaginian interference.
		A picture of the prosperity of Syracuse during his rule is given in the sixteenth idyll of (Click link for more info and facts about Theocritus) Theocritus, his favourite poet.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/hi/hiero_ii_of_syracuse1.htm (348 words)

	Archimedes of Syracuse: Introduction
		The King of Syracuse, Hiero II, managed to keep war at bay by honoring this treaty with Rome, but the situation became precarious in the later years of the century as the Carthaginian general Hannibal was gaining the upper hand in Spain and Italy against poorly managed Roman armies.
		Hiero died in 215 and was succeeded by his young grandson Hieronymus, who switched allegiance to Carthage just as the Second Punic War began.
		The accounts of the subsequent siege of Syracuse by the Roman general Marcellus in 213 in the military histories of Plutarch and Livy tell a fascinating story of the success enjoyed by Archimedes in the defense of the city, which managed to hold off the attacking Romans for many months.
	cerebro.xu.edu /math/math147/02f/archimedes/archintro.html (1546 words)

	Royal Family of Syracuse (Gelo II)
		IOGRAPHY OF ELO (or Gelon) was the son of Hiero and Philistis.
		Hiero died about a year after Gelo and was succeeded by Gelo's fifteen-year-old son Hieronymos in 215
		Gelo, his [Hiero's] son, who lived to the age of over fifty, made it his highest object in life to obey his father and not to consider wealth or royal power or anything else as more valuable than affection and loyalty to his parents.
	www.math.nyu.edu /~crorres/Archimedes/Family/Gelo.html (465 words)

	claudius ii
		Claudius II Claudius II Gothicus, Marcus Aurelius Claudius Gothicus (reigned 268 - 270) ruled the Roman Empire for less than two years, but during that brief time, he was so successful and beloved by the people of Rome that he still attained divine status.
		Claudius was born in 214 in the province of Illyricum or in Upper Moesia (probably either Dardania or the modern Sirmium region in Croatia and Serbia).
		Claudius II Gothicus is also known to history for his execution of a little-known Christian monk named Valentinus, who secretly married Claudius' soldiers in defiance of an order from him that professional soldiers were not to marry.
	www.fact-library.com /claudius_ii.html (584 words)

	First Punic War - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When Hiero II, tyrant of Syracuse, came to power in 265 BC, he decided to take definitive action against the Mamertines and besieged Messina.
		With the supplies from Syracuse cut, the Romans found themselves also besieged and constructed a line of circumvallation.
		263 BC- Hiero II is defeated by consul Manius Valerius Messalla and is forced to change Syracuse's alliance to Rome.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/First_Punic_War (2501 words)

	Hiero II biography (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In 264 he assisted the Carthaginians in the siege of Messana against the Mamertines; but when the Mamertines secured the aid of Rome, he was himself defeated by the Roman consul, Appius Claudius, and in 263 concluded a treaty with the Romans, to whom he thereafter remained faithful.
		During the interval of peace between the two wars he visited Rome and was received with great honors, while he himself on this occasion distributed a vast quantity of grain to the people.
		Hiero was a wise and merciful sovereign, simple in his ways and just in his rule.
	www.dromo.info /hieroiibio.htm (271 words)

	Read about Hiero II of Syracuse at WorldVillage Encyclopedia. Research Hiero II of Syracuse and learn about Hiero II of ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Hiero at once joined the Punic leader Hanno, who had recently landed in Sicily; but being defeated by the consul
		Archimedes in the construction of those engines that, at a later date, played so important a part during the siege of Syracuse by the Romans.
		A picture of the prosperity of Syracuse during his rule is given in the sixteenth idyll of
	encyclopedia.worldvillage.com /s/b/Hiero_II_of_Syracuse (328 words)

	AllRefer.com - Sicily : History, Italy (Italian Political Geography) - Encyclopedia
		B.C., and after the death (c.215) of Hiero II of Syracuse, virtually all of Sicily came under Rome.
		Roger II became (1130) the first king of Sicily; he forced (1139) Pope Innocent II, who claimed suzerainty over Sicily, to invest him with the kingdom, which included the Norman holdings in S Italy.
		Revolts occurred in 1820 and 1848–49 and were mercilessly suppressed; the bombardments of Messina (1848) and Palermo (1849) earned Ferdinand II the nickname "King Bomba." In 1860, Garibaldi conquered the island, which then voted to join the kingdom of Sardinia.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/S/Sicily-history.html (1033 words)

	Battle of Agrigentum - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In 288 BC, a group of Italian mercenaries, the Mamertines, occupied the city of Messina on the north-eastern tip of Sicily, killing all the men and taking the women as their wives.
		When Hiero II of Syracuse in 265 BC came to power, he decided to take definitive action against the Mamertines and besieged Messina.
		Supported by Syracuse, now an official ally of Rome, the consular army marched in June to Agrigentum on the south-western coast of Sicily.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Siege_of_Agrigentum (968 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Sicily
		In the ninth century Syracuse was raised by the Patriarch of Constantinople to the rank of metropolis of Sicily and the adjacent islands.
		Roger was succeeded by his son, Roger II, who in 1127 on the death of William II, became master of all the Norman territory and obtained from the anitpope Anacletus II (1130) the title of King of Sicily, which title was confirmed by Innocent II.
		Philip II (1578) sought to have the "Monarchia Sicula" confirmed, but did not succeed, notwithstanding which, in 1579, he established the office of the "judex monarchiae siculae", who in the king's name, exercised all the rights derived from the privilege of the Legation, and prohibited appeals to Rome from the decisions of that tribunal.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/13772a.htm (5324 words)

	Eclogues . Dante Alighieri . Virgil . Theocritus . Messiah . Latin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		In xvi, the poet praises Hiero II of Syracuse, in xvii Ptolemy Philadelphus, and in xxii the Dioscuri.
		II Habsburg was an emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, king of Bohemia, and king of Hungary.
		His father was Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor, king of Bohemia, king of Hungary; his mother was Maria, a daughter of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. Rudolf was the first son and successor of Maximillian.
	www.uk.kunsimuna.net /Eclogues_UK_206022_mu (636 words)

	Archimedes' Times (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Hiero II honored his treaty with Rome while he lived.
		Archimedes played an important role in the defense of Syracuse against the siege laid by the Romans in 213 BC by constructing war machines so effective that they long delayed the capture of the city.
		He was killed when Syracuse was eventually captured by the Marcellus in the autumn of 212 or spring of 211 BC.
	departments.weber.edu /physics/carroll/Archimedes/times.htm (295 words)

	Encyclopedia: Hiero II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Gelo, son of Deinomenes, was a 5th century BC ruler of Gela and Syracuse.
		Agathocles (361 BC - 289 BC), tyrant of Syracuse (317 BC - 289 BC) and king of Sicily (304 BC - 289 BC).
		Archimedes of Syracuse (circa 287 BC - 212 BC), was a Greek mathematician, astronomer, philosopher, physicist and engineer.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Hiero-II (1106 words)

	Taormina
		Naxos was conquered by Hieron of Syracuse, and the inhabitants exiled to Leontini and Catania, to the south.
		Syracuse became alarmed and attacked this coalition [which included Taormina] to protect their power in the Catanian plain and Sicily in general.
		An example is Philistide, wife of Hieron II of Syracuse.
	www.ancientroute.com /cities/taormina.htm (2070 words)

	Hiero II (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		King of Syracuse during the siege in the First Punic War.
		Hiero's military successes against the Mamertines, a gang of Italic mercenaries who ran a pirate empire from the Sicilian city of Messana which they had captured.
		Hiero won a further decisive victory over the Mamertines As a result, Hiero was proclaimed King of Syracuse by his grateful subjects.
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /hiero-II.htm (1979 words)

	Hiero II de Syracuse (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Hiero II, tyrant de Syracuse a partir del 270 a 215 A.C., era el hijo ilegítimo de un noble de Syracusan, Hierocles, que demandó pendiente de Gelo.
		A Hiero finalmente los derrotaron en una batalla echada cerca de Mylae, que fue prevenido solamente de capturar Messana por la interferencia carthaginian.
		Hiero inmediatamente ensambló a líder Hanno de Punic, que había aterrizado recientemente en Sicilia; pero siendo derrotado por el caudex de Appius Claudius del cónsul, él se retiró a Syracuse.
	www.yotor.net /wiki/es/hi/Hiero%20II%20de%20Syracuse.htm (351 words)

	Noto - Indopedia, the Indological knowledgebase
		Noto, a city of Sicily, in the province of Syracuse, and 20 miles southwest of it, 520 feet above sea-level.
		It was the ancient Netum, a city of Sicel origin, left to Hiero II by the Romans by the treaty of 263 BC and mentioned by Cicero as a foederala citilas (Verr.
		It was a small advanced post of Syracuse, belonging probably to the 6th century BC.
	www.indopedia.org /Noto.html (457 words)

	Sicilian History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		ROGER II was recognized (1139) by Pope Innocent II as the first king of Sicily (1130-1154) and of the Norman territories in southern Italy.
		Frederick II - Through the marriage of Constance, heiress of the last Norman king, to Holy Roman Emperor Henry VI, Sicily passed in 1194 to the Hohenstaufen dynasty.
		Frederick II 1272-1337 King of Sicily (1296-1337) the third son of Peter III of Aragon.
	www.dieli.net /SicilyPage/History/SicilianHist.html (2702 words)

	history1
		Carthage then laid siege to Messene, and Hiero, sighting the opportunity to oust the Mamertines from Sicily, allied himself with Carthage and established his troops on the opposite side of Messene, thereby trapping the Mamertines.
		Claudius defeated the Carthaginian garrison but Messene was again attacked shortly after by Hiero II, King of Syracuse, in alliance with Carthage.
		Carthage however, continued the war and were preparing to invade Italy when her naval fleet was annihilated by the Romans at the Battle of Mylae in 260BC.
	www.geocities.com /punicwars264/history1.html (390 words)

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