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Topic: High explosive anti tank

	High explosive anti-tank - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		High explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rounds are made of an explosive shaped charge that uses the Neumann effect (a development of the Munroe effect) to create a very high-velocity jet of metal in a state of superplasticity that can punch through solid armor.
		HEAT was particularly useful to them because it allowed the low-velocity large-bore guns used on their numerous assault guns to become useful anti-tank weapons as well.
		HEAT rounds of varying effectiveness were produced for almost all weapons from infantry weapons like rifle grenades and the M203 grenade launcher, to larger dedicated anti-tank systems like the Carl Gustav recoilless rifle.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/High_explosive_anti-tank (1705 words)

	Tank gun - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Modern tank guns are large-caliber high-velocity guns, capable of firing kinetic energy penetrators, high explosive anti-tank rounds, and in some cases guided missiles.
		As the tank's primary armament, they are almost always employed in a direct-fire mode to defeat a variety of ground targets at all ranges, including dug-in infantry, lightly-armored vehicles, and especially other heavily-armored tanks.
		The first tank guns were merely naval or field artillery pieces stripped from their carriages and emplaced in turrets or sponsons on armored vehicles.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tank_gun (913 words)

	Tank - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Tank guns have fired many types of rounds, but their current use is commonly limited to kinetic energy (KE) penetrators and high explosive (HE) rounds.
		Explosive reactive armour, or ERA, is another major type of protection against high explosive antitank weapons, in which sections of armour explode to dissipate the focussed explosive force of a shaped charge warhead.
		Since an immobilised tank is an easy target for mortars, artillery, and the specialised tank hunting units of the enemy forces, speed is normally kept to a minimum, and every opportunity is used upon to move tanks on wheeled tank transporters and by railway instead of under their own power.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Tank (8152 words)

	High explosive anti-tank -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Germans were again the ones to produce the most capable gun-fired HEAT rounds, using a (Click link for more info and facts about driving band) driving band on bearings to allow it to fly unspun from their existing rifled tank guns.
		HEAT was particularly useful to them because it allowed the low-velocity large-bore guns used on their numerous (An armored vehicle with the chassis of a tank (but no turret) and a large gun; used as an antitank weapon and to support infantry) assault guns to become useful anti-tank weapons as well.
		Today HEAT rounds are primarily used in shoulder-launched and in (A car suitable for traveling over rough terrain) jeep- and (An aircraft without wings that obtains its lift from the rotation of overhead blades) helicopter-based missile systems.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/hi/high_explosive_anti-tank.htm (1391 words)

	High explosive anti-tank - Art History Online Reference and Guide (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		High explosive anti-tank, more commonly known as HEAT, rounds are made of an explosive shaped charge that uses the Neumann effect (a development of the Munroe effect) to create a very high velocity jet of metal in a state of superplasticity that can punch through solid armor.
		Where HEAT is used as the warhead for guided missiles, rifle grenades and spigot mortars, warhead size is not a limiting factor.
		Typically its antipersonnel lethality is improved by incorporating coils of notched wire wrapped around the high explosive charge within the shell, or adding ball bearings to it, to increase the amount of shrapnel produced.
	www.arthistoryclub.com /art_history/HEAT (1380 words)

	High explosive anti-tank - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		High explosive anti-tank, more commonly known as HEAT, rounds are made of an explosive shaped charge that uses the Monroe effect to create a very high velocity jet of metal in a state of superplasticity that can pierce through solid armor.
		HEAT rounds are made less effective if they are spinning (centrifugal force pulls the metal jet apart), requiring modifications when fired from rifled guns.
		HEAT systems were first introduced by the US as the bazooka, and soon followed by the British PIAT.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/HEAT (1203 words)

	Ammunition - WwiiolDocumentationProject (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The amount of explosive carried is small because the bulk of the projectile’s mass must be strong enough to achieve adequate penetration.
		In a shaped charge the explosive is shaped into an inverted cone with an included angle typically of between 40° and 60°, with the base of the cone towards the front of the projectile.
		The poor performance of spin-stabilised HEAT projectiles meant that they were mainly used for guns that had such a low muzzle velocity that conventional armour piercing shells had even less penetration, such as the German 7,5cm Kw.K.37, and howitzers of most nations.
	wwiiol.vwgn.com /index.php?title=HEAT (2680 words)

	M830A1 HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		M830A1 High Explosive Anti-Tank-Multi Purpose - Tracer (HEAT-MP-T)
		The M830A1 HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) round, recently fielded for the M1A1 and M1A2 Main Battle Tank, is a major advancement over its predecessor, the M830, which has been in the US inventory since the early '80s.
		HEAT rounds have multi-purpose warheads which are used to defeat armored vehicles, helicopters and soft targets such as bunkers.
	www.fas.org /man/dod-101/sys/land/m830a1.htm (350 words)

	British Anti-Tank Gunnery Data - Armour Penetration
		Armoured cars and light tanks which could not be upgraded to a larger gun, received the Little John attachment to keep them in service a while longer.
		This was done by removing the A.P. shell head, filling the cartridge with a suitable piece of cloth, filling the shell case with stones and gravel, and sealing it with another piece of cloth or encasing the shrapnel content in thick axle grease.
		Many of the guns and tanks built in the 1920s and 1930s were employed in Abyssinia (Ethiopia), some even served in the front line defences of Tobruk, North Africa.
	www.miniatures.de /html/int/shells-british.html (1080 words)

	[No title]
		explosive shaped charge that uses the Munroe effect to create a very high velocity jet of metal in a state of superplasticity that can punch through solid
		HEAT rounds caused a revolution in anti-tank warfare when they were first introduced in the later stages of
		antipersonnel lethality is improved by incorporating coils of notched wire wrapped around the high explosive charge within the shell, or adding ball bearings to it, to increase the amount of
	en-cyclopedia.com /wiki/Heat (1328 words)

	M-1 Tanks - Washington Post
		Tanks also carry high-explosive anti-tank (HEAT) rounds that can be fired at bunkers, other armored vehicles and troop concentrations.
		The same kind of shaped-charge explosive is used in most anti-tank weapons fired by jets, helicopters and ground troops because it does not require the velocity of the sabot round.
		Allied units have knocked out more than 400 Iraqi tanks in the ground war, briefers said yesterday, which, added to the estimated 1,700 tanks destroyed in the air war, means at least half the Iraqi tank force has been eliminated.
	nucnews.net /2000/du/91du/910227wp.htm (1484 words)

	ipedia.com: Shell (projectile) Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		HEAT shells are a type of shaped charge used to defeat armoured vehicles.
		When the compressive shock reflects off the air/metal interface inside the tank, it is transformed into a tension wave which spalls a "scab" of metal off the inside of the plate and throws it into the tank.
		Explosive shells do not appear to have been in general use before the middle of the 16th century.
	www.ipedia.com /shell__projectile_.html (1603 words)

	RPG-43 H.E.A.T. Hand Grenade (WWII) - Inert-Ord.net
		It replaced the RPG-40 which was an ordinary stick grenade with an oversized high explosive head.
		In simple terms, the conical shape of the explosive creates a 'focused' detonation consisting of an extremely high energy jet of gas and molten metal, (the forward metal cone liner is critical to this process), punching through the target like a hot knife through butter.
		The most practical application would be to throw it high over a tank so that it will drop and strike the top of the turret or the engine compartment.
	www.inert-ord.net /russ02i/rpg43 (407 words)

	Nase noviny - PIAT (Projector, Infantry, Anti-Tank)
		That was by far not enough to force the round's way through the frontal plates of the latest German tanks, but as Private Ernest Alvia 'Smokey' Smith of the Seaforth Highlanders of Canada proved, the rear armour could still be defeated.
		It was also possible to use it at high angles as a portable mortar, increasing the range to some 350 metres.
		On the other hand, the direct range of about 90 metres (muzzle velocity was 100 metres per second) was quite short and the weapon tended to kick very violently when fired and thus very user-unfriendly, especially to beginners.
	www.geocities.com /nasenoviny/PIATen.html (592 words)

	Chinese Defence Today :: PF-98 120 mm Anti-Tank Rocket (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The HEAT round has two tandem warheads and the electronic-controlled timer fuse.
		The HEAT round can pierce through tanks with reactive armor, and has an armor-piercing depth of over 800 mm (@90 degree) at a maximum firing range of 800 m.
		The Multipurpose round has a high explosive warhead with 120 steel balls and incendiary materials, which will pierce armour of 400 mm thick (@55 degree) and kill the crew inside, or will produce fragments to kill/heavily wound personnel within 25 meters of the point of impact.
	www.sinodefence.com /army/crewserved/pf98.asp (432 words)

	120mm Tank Gun HE/MP Ammunition
		M830 High Explosive Anti-Tank Tracer (HEAT-T) is the service round for the smoothbore 120mm tank gun, used by the US Army M-1A2.
		A new High Explosive service round, currently under development at Rheinmetall will be a successor to the DM12A2 currently in service.
		It is designed to engage soft and semi-hard targets, uses high explosive warhead containing steel and heavy metal fragmentation case.
	www.defense-update.com /products/digits/120he-mp.htm (432 words)

	Army Technology - T 72S - Main Battle Tank
		The tank is fitted with a 125mm D-81 smoothbore gun, a 7.62mm co-axial machine gun and a 12.7mm air defence machine gun mounted on the commander's cupola.
		The tank is equipped with a V-84 liquid cooled four stroke multi-fuel diesel engine which develops 618kW (840hp), providing a power to weight ratio of 13.8kW/t, planetary transmission with hydraulic servo-control system, running gear with RMSH track and torsion bar suspension with hydraulic shock absorbers.
		The T-72SK tank is intended to command and control a number of tank units and maintain communication with the brigade commander.
	www.army-technology.com /projects/t72 (947 words)

	M48-A3 Statistics
		Developed from the M47 "General Patton" tank, the M48 was the mainstay of the US Army and Marines in Vietnam.
		The bustle rack was extended with welded steel, and the turret sides buttressed with extra.50 cal. ammo, C-ration cases, and the crew's duffel bags.The cases of C-rations strapped to the infantry rail on the turret, like the PSP and track blocks, acted as a stand-off shield.
		HEAT briefly was popular after NVA tanks were engaged at Bien Het, but HE was usually preferred against bunkers.
	blackhorse.dartmouth.edu /dcompany/M48A3.htm (868 words)

	Ammo
		This round has no explosive charge and is just a depleated uranium rod encased in a aluminum sabot to keep it the diameter of the bore.
		As it passes through the target the rounds kinetic energy in the form of velocity is converted to heat, causing ammo and fuel in the target to ignite.
		This was the primary main gun round prior to the invention of the HEAT warhead during WWII.
	members.aol.com /panzersgt/theory/Ammo.html (1181 words)

	Articles - Kinetic energy penetrator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		To produce very high speeds the ammunition is normally composed of a narrow penetrator surrounded by a sabot which expands the diameter to the full barrel width of the firing gun.
		Once the round leaves the barrel the sabot falls off, leaving the penetrator travelling at high speed and with a smaller cross-sectional area, which reduces aerodynamic drag during the flight to the target (see external ballistics and terminal ballistics).
		KE-penetrators for modern tanks are commonly just 2-3 centimeters in diameter, and 50-60 centimeters long; as more modern penetrators are developed, their length tends to increase and the diameter to decrease.
	www.foreverc.com /articles/Kinetic_energy_penetrator (645 words)

	Protection Systems For Future Armored Vehicles (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Explosive Reactive armor (ERA) is a common form of add-on armor, used on many Armored Fighting Vehicles (AFV).
		Protection by explosive modules was deployed by the Israel Defense Forces in the late 1970s, and was first, and successfully used in combat with the Israeli Army M-60s and Centurion tanks in the 1982 War, and later, by the Russian Army by the mid 80s.
		the HEAT jet which penetrates the forward layer discharges the internal layer, and the effect causes the jet to dissipate and loose its energy.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1507042/posts (3085 words)

	Answers To The Department of Justice & ATFE Anti-Rocket Propaganda - Anti-tank Weapons
		Most residential neighborhoods are not keen on neighbors putting explosive magazines in their back yard and apartment managers are most definitely against them in apartments.
		The amateur or high power rocket is going to have to travel at the speed of a bullet in order to have a range in terms of a fraction of a mile.
		The plastic explosive is shaped like a "lens' that focuses the explosive energy on a copper cone so that the momentum of the explosive is transferred to the copper.
	www.space-rockets.com /tanks.html (2705 words)

	Anti-Tank Weapons
		This ATGW has a high explosive anti-tank warhead and has an armour penetration of 400mm.
		This ATGW has an improved sustained motor which increases the maximum range to 3 km and a HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) warhead, with armour penetration of 500mm.
		It has a HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) warhead, with armour penetration of 600-700mm.
	www.bharat-rakshak.com /LAND-FORCES/Army/Anti-Tank.html (486 words)

	Science Articles \|\| Science Blog Community
		There are two main threats against a tank: HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank) rounds and KE (Kinetic Energy) rounds.
		The structural armor of the tank is designed to stop KE rounds and is based on the so-called "Chobham armor" technology developed by the British.
		Attached to the outside of the M1A1 is a second type of armor called reactive armor, basically boxes of steel plated explosives that are intended to disrupt the molten plasma jets created by HEAT rounds before they can get to the vulnerable structural armor.
	www.sciscoop.com /story/2003/11/3/171841/084 (1229 words)

	How Rocket-Propelled Grenades Work (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Rugged and simple, suitable for downing helicopters, disabling tanks or attacking buildings at close range, in the hands of a skilled operator, the RPG is a lethal and versatile weapon that will remain popular for some time.
		But it should be noted that the PG-7 HEAT warhead is not the only one available for the launchers, or now commonly encountered for the RPG-7 and -14 series weapons.
		Anti Tank Grenade Launcher RPG-7V with PG-7 HEAT grenade.
	www.freerepublic.com /focus/f-news/1101708/posts (5405 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Both HEAT and HESH rounds can be fired by the cannon on main battle tanks, and both types are quite effective against enemy armor.
		The idea of the explosive is to place a metal plate on the outer surface of the explosive brick.
		The penetrating carrot of the HEAT round expends quite a bit of it's penetrating ability burning through the moving plate, since the plate is moving out of the way all the time, exposing new, untouched metal to burn through.
	www.logicsouth.com /~lcoble/dir5/armor.txt (551 words)

	Battlefront - Producers of fine metal and resin miniatures (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		And because the amount of metal that ended up penetrating the enemy tank was quite small (and they did not explode), their behind armour effects could be less than that of a full-calibre round.
		The ammunition had poor quality fuses (often resulting in the round exploding before it had fully penetrated the tank’s armour), and were poorly engineered (causing the shell to disintegrate on impact with the enemy tank).
		It was available in 1941, but was cancelled in December 41 because of the lack of heavy German tanks (it was felt that the weapon was over-powerful against the thinly-armoured German tanks of 1941), and also because of the expense involved in its manufacture.
	www.battlefront.co.nz /Article.asp?ArticleID=320 (2245 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It can fire a number of different type of ammunition HEAT (high explosive anti tank), HE (high explosive), smoke, illumination, TPTP (target practice tracer projectile).
		Apart from the anti-tank role, a number of other roles can be fulfilled, especially the capability to present accurate fire and time-fused fire with an HE round.
		The weapon is operated by a team of two soldiers and is usually issued at a rate of at least two per infantry platoon.
	indigo.ie /~acoy20bn/antitank.html (102 words)

	84mm Karl Gustav Recoilless Anti Tank Rifle
		On issue to infantry units of the Reserve Defence Forces and the Permanent Defence Forces this weapon provides the infantry company with an anti tank capability.
		The primary role of this weapon is to destroy enemy armour.
		Ammunition comes in different types: HEAT (High Explosive Anti Tank), HEAP (High Explosive Anti Personnel), TPTP (Target Practice Tracer Projectile), Smoke and Illum.
	www.62infantry.com /Weapons_Equipment/84_Anti_Tank.shtml (167 words)

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