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Topic: High level languages

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	High-level programming language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A high-level programming language is a programming language that is more user-friendly, to some extent platform-independent, and abstract from low-level computer processor operations such as memory accesses.
		The word "high" does not imply that the language is superior to low-level programming languages but rather refers to the higher level of abstraction from machine language.
		Most high-level languages output object or machine code directly for a target processor or operating system, but a few do not, instead outputing an intermediate language only, often C, to submit to a compiler for that intermediate language, which then outputs finished object or machine code.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/High_level_language (319 words)

	High Level vs. Low Level Languages
		High level language is like instructing a person with higher understanding of the task, while low level language is like instructing a person with no understanding of the task.
		high level programming laguages is languages program than use languages or syntax which close to human languages so, it is easy to understanding the languages or syntax sunch as pascal or delphi language program.
		The higher the language level the more complex the compiler is likely to be, and generally requiring a complex OS to implement, but these are tools of the programming language and can be regarded as separate from the syntax and definition of the language.
	www.control.com /1026151382/index_html (1217 words)

	high-level language
		High-level languages are used to solve problems and are often described as problem-oriented languages; for example, BASIC was designed to be easily learnt by first-time programmers; COBOL is used to write programs solving business problems; and FORTRAN is used for programs solving scientific and mathematical problems.
		In contrast, low-level languages, such as assembly languages, closely reflect the machine codes of specific computers, and are therefore described as machine-oriented languages.
		Unlike low-level languages, high-level languages are relatively easy to learn because the instructions bear a close resemblance to everyday language, and because the programmer does not require a detailed knowledge of the internal workings of the computer.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/encyclopaedia/hutchinson/m0034339.html (351 words)

	DaniWeb IT Community - High-Level Languages
		For example, a language tells the computer what is to happen when a user clicks on Button A, and what is to happen when a user clicks on Button B. Computer programming is, simply enough, the ability to think in the abstract.
		The language is not to be underestimated, however, as it is still extremely flexible and functional in the workforce.
		I disagree that C++ is a high level language.
	www.daniweb.com /techtalkforums/printthread.php?t=1729 (995 words)

	High Level Procedural Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		High level languages provide a much more accessible means for programming computers than low level languages.
		The older high level programming languages, sometimes referred to as procedural languages, do not lend themselves to programs requiring a graphical user interface, but they still have their uses.
		C is a very powerful and versatile language which provides a much greater degree of control than other high level languages, but it is also much more difficult to learn.
	www.nuim.ie /staff/dpringle/gis/highlevel.shtml (585 words)

	High-Level Concurrent Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		We use this setting as the core of a programming language; a distributed implementation is under way, and was demonstrated during the workshop.
		PICT is a programming language in the ML tradition, formed by adding a layer of convenient syntactic sugar and a static type system to a tiny core.
		We present a language, Distributed Oz, in which all language entities are extended with a distributed behavior.
	www.ps.uni-sb.de /~mmueller/events/hlcl-2.html (4105 words)

	High Level Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The first objective of a high level language is to provide a convenient means of expressing the solution to a problem.
		So a high level language will always be a play off between ease of use and accuracy of logic.
		Declarative languages describe the data structures and the relationships between ant to a particular task, and specify what the objective of the task is. The process by which this task is carried out is not stated explicitly within the program.
	www.df--is.co.uk /edexcel/highlevlang.htm (447 words)

	Why program with high level programming languages? (was PLCS: PLC Fortran)
		High level language is that reflects the human side of HMI (HMI in the broad means) Low level language is that reflecs the machine side of HMI...
		High level is generally more rigid because the programmers that write the compiler/interpreter cannot anticipate all possible uses for the language so some language grammer, naming rules, and data typing are imposed so that the compiler can determine what the programmer's intent is with a degree of precision.
		high level language is a language whose level of abstraction is closely matched to abstractions of the problem domain in question.
	www.control.com /1026147036/index_html (8301 words)

	programming language -> Evolution of High-Level Languages on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Further, it was recognized that the closer the syntax, rules, and mnemonics of the programming language could be to “natural language” the less likely it became that the programmer would inadvertently introduce errors (called “bugs”) into the program.
		Fifth-generation languages, which are still in their infancy, are an outgrowth of artificial intelligence research.
		These include the programming languages of several database and statistical programs, the scripting languages of communications programs, and the macro languages of word-processing programs.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/progrlan_EvolutionofHigh-LevelLanguages.asp (1208 words)

	High Level Languages
		Many languages allow looping while a condition is true or until a condition is true, eg.
		Some languages allow blocks to call themselves - Recursion; a powerful programming concept as uses few lines of code in high level language; hard to translate into machine code.
		Most high level languages have some facility for storing and retrieving data from backing store.
	www.flaxcottage.freeserve.co.uk /~ict/programming/HLL.html (1190 words)

	High level languages
		A language is a machine-independent way to specify the sequence of operations necessary to accomplish a task.
		A line in a high level language can embody powerful operations, and correspond to tens, or hundreds, of instructions at the machine level.
		The compiler is the tool to convert a program written in a high level language into the sequence of machine instructions required by a specific computer to accomplish the task.
	www.fisica.uniud.it /~ercolessi/md/md/node60.html (408 words)

	History of Computation - High-Level Languages
		Wilkes' invention of assembly language coding, as described at the end of the last chapter, removed some of the possibility last chapter, removed some of the possibility for transcription error, even this was at such a low level then coding complex applications was a demanding and time-consuming task.
		The difference between the assembly level and high-level languages were that in the former a single line of the program would typically translate to a single machine instruction, whereas a single statement in a high-level language might require several machine instructions.
		The final language posed considerable problems: although it was no more difficult to construct programs in it, the design and implementation of compilers to translate such programs into a machine understandable form was a major task.
	www.csc.liv.ac.uk /~ped/teachadmin/histsci/htmlform/lect6.html (2887 words)

	Programming DSPs in High-Level Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Yet the high-level programming languages being adopted by the DSP community are virtually all based on C, a language that in standard form is not able to handle the fixed-point arithmetic, divided memory spaces, and circular buffers that are typical of modern DSP architectures.
		Their advantage over inserting sections of assembly language is that they protect you from issues such as register allocation and instruction scheduling, which are still taken care of by the compiler.
		Firstly that the new extensions enjoyed the same level of language support as existing C constructs, and secondly that they were implemented in such a way that compilers could easily recognize and handle them.
	www.techonline.com /community/related_content/8319?print (1740 words)

	High level Languages
		These languages were designed to make programming far easier, less error-prone and to remove the programmer from having to know the details of the internal structure of a particular computer.
		As with assembly languages the computer does not understand these high-level languages directly and hence they have to be processed by passing them through a program called a compiler which translates them into internal machine language before they can be executed.
		As with assembly language human time is saved at the expense of the compilation time required to translate the program to internal machine language.
	www.cee.hw.ac.uk /~pjbk/pathways/cpp1/node22.html (418 words)

	What is high-level language? - A Word Definition From the Webopedia Computer Dictionary (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Such languages are considered high-level because they are closer to human languages and further from machine languages.
		In contrast, assembly languages are considered low-level because they are very close to machine languages.
		The main advantage of high-level languages over low-level languages is that they are easier to read, write, and maintain.
	www.webopedia.com /TERM/p/high_level_language.html (345 words)

	Specification versus High Level Programming Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The difference is that program languages are conceived primarily to express algorithms, and to do so efficiently with respect to computer space and time.
		As VDM was developed in the 1970's, it is not surprising that some programming languages have data structuring facilities as least as powerful.
		The main difference is that specification language component data types can be structured in a way which emphasizes the formal properties of the specification, with the emphasis on axioms as mathematical objects rather than executable statements.
	scom.hud.ac.uk /staff/scomtlm/book/node398.html (223 words)

	myShoggoth - High Level Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Whether or not a higher level programming language is the right tool is as much a function of the programmer as it is the application being built.
		Not having to solve a problem for the umpteenth time either by having the programming language abstract the solution for you or by building on a platform or API that does it does not mean that you don't need to understand it, only that you don't need to reinvent it.
		Next level up let's consider the ATL C++ wrappers around COM, smart pointers, etc. There are a few new things to worry about here, but the important thing is to realize that the conveniences are not a substitute from an understanding of COM (like using COM is not a substitute from understanding IPC issues).
	www.myshoggoth.com /Articles/HighLevelLanguages.html (981 words)

	High Language Level Programming (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A high-level programming language is a programming language that is more user-friendly, to some...
		WEBster: The Place on the Net to Learn Assembly Language Programming In contrast to high level languages like C and Java, assembly language programming is more fundamental to computer operation.
		High Level Assembler and Toolkit (HLASM) System/390 assembler toolkit for MVS and VM and VSE (HLASM) including disassembler, by IBM.
	programming.4lb.net /high-language-level-programming.html (537 words)

	TechOnLine - Programming DSPs in High-Level Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The answer is to use one of a number of variants of the C language, coupled with the use of advanced simulation tools and compilers.
		Their advantage over inserting sections of assembly language, however, is that they protect you from issues such as register allocation and instruction scheduling, which are still taken care of by the compiler.
		First, the new extensions enjoyed the same level of language support as existing C constructs, and second, the extensions were implemented in such a way that compilers could easily recognize and handle them.
	developonline.com /community/tech_group/embedded/feature_article/21372 (2305 words)

	High-Level Concurrent Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		A {\it scripting language} allows you to write a ``script'' that specifies how components are glued together.
		A {\it composition language} further allows you to define new kinds of glue (i.e., connectors) that implement (for example) generic coordination abstractions.
		Nonetheless, \emph{as far as possible} a programming language for distributed migratory computation should allow the two to be accessed uniformly.
	www.ps.uni-sb.de /~mmueller/events/hlcl-2-save.html (979 words)

	High Level Languages - GameDev.Net Discussion Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Generally speaking, however, since high level languages are meant to express programs in a natural and human-readable format, natural language (simply telling the computer what to do) would be the apex.
		Sorry for the spelling of high, i've been spending too much time with my chatbot (who thinks that heigh is high, because i mistyped it the first time, and it auto-corrects spelling errors.
		In this regard, declarative languages like Prolog or SQL are the highest level languages possible: a statement in Prolog or SQL is almost unrelated to the processing performed.
	www.gamedev.net /community/forums/viewreply.asp?ID=1785625 (2502 words)

	Dictionary of Computers - high-level language
		A programming language designed to suit the requirements of the programmer; it is independent of the internal machine code of any particular computer.
		High-level languages are used to solve problems and are often described as problem-oriented languages – for example, BASIC was designed to be easily learnt by first-time programmers; COBOL is used to write programs solving business problems; and
		assembly languages, closely reflect the machine codes of specific computers, and are therefore described as machine-oriented languages.
	www.tiscali.co.uk /reference/dictionaries/computers/data/m0034339.html (235 words)

	Jan's Computer Basics: 9-2 Languages
		This language was written in 1964 (truly the age of dinosaurs for computers!) for college students to use to learn programming concepts.
		But the language has proven to be highly useful in the real world.
		A newly popular language Java is used to write both full computer applications and small applets for web pages.
	www.jegsworks.com /Lessons/lesson9/lesson9-2.htm (884 words)

	High Level Programming Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		By high level language we refer to that fact that the programmer is insulated from the complexities of the computer architecture and its basic instruction set by means of an intermediate compiler.
		By using a high level language and a compiler we can enter what is a simple common sense instruction which the compiler will convert to a form suitable for the machine we are using.
		Because it is easier to read, and because a programme can be broken into individual autonomous units or functions, performing identifiable tasks, it is much easier to alter high level code, identify a bug, or to interpret the code of another.
	www.maths.tcd.ie /~rb/cnotes/node3.html (317 words)

	High Level Programming Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is very rare for programmers to write programs in machine language like we did for the electric toothbruch.
		The executable files (the directly runnable machine language programs) for most applications contain hundereds of thousands of (if not millions) of machine language instructions.
		With a high level language, a programmer creates a program using powerful, "big" operations which will later be converted into many little machine operations.
	chortle.ccsu.ctstateu.edu /CS151/Notes/chap04/ch04_8.html (257 words)

	Research Language Overviews
		Additional language design and implementation projects are described on the research projects page.
		Eiffel is a pure object-oriented language featuring multiple inheritance, polymorphism, static typing and dynamic binding, genericity (constrained and unconstrained), a disciplined exception mechanism, systematic use of assertions to promote programming by contract, and deferred classes for high-level design and analysis.
		Napier88 is a persistent programming language and environment with strong typing, type completeness, higher order procedures, parametric polymorphism, existential datatypes, infinite union types for system evolution, and support for graphics, distribution and concurrency.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /afs/cs.cmu.edu/user/mleone/web/language/overviews.html (1031 words)

	Green Hat Journal: High Level Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		If a language is implemented as an interpreter written in C, what's the difference between that language and C? It's primarily the parser.
		If the only real difference between languages is personal taste in syntax, then a powerful macro system should solve that, too.
		The point is that there is no good definition of a "high-level language" that isn't just sophistry or, more often, bigotry.
	rover.cs.northwestern.edu /~surana/blog/past/000247.html (334 words)

	High Level Languages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Educational Aims: To raise students awareness of the variety of high level languages available, and to give them a practical grounding in the most commonly used of these languages.
		Content Description: This module introduces students to the basics of high level languages which are popular in the business sector, and gives a broad perspective of the high level languages available to perform a variety of tasks encountered within the IT industry.
		Methods of assessment including weighting of various elements: 100% coursework consisting of two or three programming assignments.
	www.cs.nott.ac.uk /Modules/0203/G6DHLL.html (236 words)

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