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	Himilco
		Himilco: Carthaginian voyager, the first Mediterranean sailor known to have reached the northwestern shores of Europe.
		Himilco was not the first to sail on the northern Atlantic ocean.
		When Himilco published his account, he did everything to describe his voyage as one of hardship and trouble: it discouraged the Greeks from going west and had the additional benefit that his own exploits were more impressive.
	www.livius.org /hi-hn/himilco/himilco.htm (1249 words)

	Carthage
		During the Siege of Agrigentum, the Carthaginian forces were ravaged by plague and Hannibal Mago died of it.
		Although Hannibal Mago's successor, Himilco, successfully extended the campaign by breaking a Greek siege, capturing the city of Gela, and repeatedly defeating the army of Dionysius, the new Tyrant of Syracuse, he, too, was weakened by the plague and forced to sue for peace before returning to Carthage.
		Himilco responded decisively to this attack, leading an expedition which not only reclaimed Motya, but also Messina.
	encyclopedia.codeboy.net /wikipedia/c/ca/carthage.html (2256 words)

	Himilco, Phoenician Voyager to Northewestern Shores of Europe
		These words make Himilco a contemporary of Hanno; this great discoverer probably lived in the sixth century, because one of the towns he founded Oualiddia is mentioned by a Greek author who lived c.500 B.C. (click here).
		Himilco was, therefore, not sailing into foreign waters: he knew what he was looking for (tin and other metals) and knew where to find it.
		This was the place where the ancients found amber and it may have been a goal of Himilco's expedition.
	phoenicia.org /himilco.html (1337 words)

	ANCIENT EGYPT SURVIVES UNTIL THE PRESENT DAY: AN ALTERNATE HISTORY TIMELINE
		Himilco, his relative, takes over command, but is defeated by a force out of Syracuse, and has his route of supply disrupted in naval action.
		Himilco survives, but upon returning to Carthage, starves himself to death.
		Mago's son Himilco defeats Dionysius near Himera—truce favorable to Carthage concluded.
	www.geocities.com /robertp6165/saitetimeline2.html (3706 words)

	Himilco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Himilco was a very common masculine name in Punic Carthage:
		Himilco the Navigator was a Carthaginian navigator and explorer
		This is a disambiguation page, a list of pages that otherwise might share the same title.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Himilco (86 words)

	Himilco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Carthaginian general who twice made conquests of the Greeks in Sicily that brought him to the gates of Syracuse and twice had his momentum broken by plague among his soldiers.
		An epidemic among his troops, however, led him to sign a peace treaty in 405 BC with Dionysius the Elder, the Syracusan tyrant.
		Himilco returned to Sicily in 396, conquering the north coast and arriving once more at the gates of
	www.barca.fsnet.co.uk /himilco.htm (127 words)

	Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, page 473 (v. 2) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It appears from the passages there cited that Himilco had represented his farther progress as prevented by the stagnant nature of the sea, loaded with sea weed, and the absence of wind, statements which do not speak highly for his character as a discoverer.
		It was probably this relationship that induced the Carthaginians, when Hannibal manifested some reluctance to undertake the command of a new expedition, to associate Himilco with him.
		The-arrival of Daphnaeus with a body of Syracusan and other auxiliaries for a time changed the face of affairs, and Himilco was even blockaded in his camp, and reduced to great straits for want of provisions ; but having, with the assistance of his fleet, intercepted a Syracusan convoy, he was
	ancientlibrary.com /smith-bio/1581.html (969 words)

	Phoenicia, Phoenicians and Punic: Carthaginian History
		Himilco, his relative, takes over command, is defeated by force out of Syracuse, and has supply disrupted in naval action.
		Dionysius capitalizes and defeats Himilco in pitched battle.
		Mago's son Himilco defeats Dionysius near Himera -- truce favorable to Carthage concluded.
	phoenicia.org /carthtimeline.html (1305 words)

	A History of Africa, Chapter 3
		Himilco promptly evacuated the eastern camp, fearing it would be surrounded, but when Dionysius attacked the western one, his soldiers went forth one unit at a time, instead of together, allowing Himilco to defeat them piecemeal before Dionysius himself could get to the battle.
		Whatever the reason, Himilco must have dictated the terms of the treaty, because the only thing Dionysius got was recognition as ruler of Syracuse; the rest was highly favorable to Carthage, putting two thirds of Sicily in Carthaginian hands.
		Himilco may have allowed him to remain in charge because he thought that the Syracusans would get rid of a leader who had been humiliated in battle--we noted earlier that the Carthaginians were always willing to do that to their own!
	xenohistorian.faithweb.com /africa/carthage.html (9490 words)

	Himilco the Navigator . List of explorers . Avienus . Pliny the Elder . Europe
		The oldest available source on Himilco s voyage is Pliny s Natural History by the Roman scientist Pliny the Elder.
		Himilco was the member of one of the leading family in Carthage.
		Himilco was not according to Avienus first to sail the northern Atlantic ocean; According to Avenius Himilco followed the route used by the Tartessus Tartessians of southern Iberia.
	www.uk.kunsimuna.net /Himilco_the_Navigator_UK_862688_we (370 words)

	Marsala - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is best known as the source of Marsala wine.
		Marsala occupies the site of Lilybaeum, the principal stronghold of the Carthaginians in Sicily, founded by Himilco after the abandonment of Motya.
		Neither Pyrrhus nor the Romans were able to reduce it by siege, but it was surrendered to the latter in 241 BC at the end of the First Punic War.
	www.encyclopedia-online.info /Marsala (325 words)

	Carthaginians (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Although Hannibal Mago's successor, Himilco, successfully extended the campaign by breaking a Greek siege, capturing the city of Gela, and repeatedly defeating the army of
		, the new Tyrant of Syracuse, Himilco too was weakened by the plague and forced to sue for peace before returning to Carthage.
		Himilco responded decisively to this attack, leading an expedition which not only reclaimed Motya, but also
	www.unitedlegions.co.uk /carthaginians.htm (4030 words)

	Carthage
		He was only formerly crowned king in AD 396, but this most likely means that a Carthaginian 'king' could only be installed in the city of Carthage itself and so he had to wait to receive his title formally until he returned home from Sicily.
		After the death of Mago, his son Himilco never came to rule, at least not formally.
		General Himilco who had heroically held out at Lilybaeum and Adherbal, the commander who had just dealt Rome it's greatest defeat in the war, were both relived of their positions.
	www.roman-empire.net /republic/carthage.html (11441 words)

	Justin: Epitome of the Philippic History of Pompeius Trogus, Book 19 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Hasdrubal and Hamilcar, sons of Mago; Hasdrubal dies in Sardinia; war of the Carthaginians in Sicily, I.
		In Sicily, Himilco succeeded as general in the room of Hamilcar, but, after fighting several successful battles, both by land and sea, and taking many towns, he suddenly lost his army by the influence of a pestilential constellation.
		When the news of this arrived at Carthage, the country was overwhelmed with grief, and all places rung with lamentations, as if the city had been taken by an enemy; private houses were closed, the temples of the gods were shut, all religious ceremonies were intermitted, and all private business suspended.
	www.forumromanum.org /literature/justin/english/trans19.html (1189 words)

	Himilco the Navigator (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Himilco (Phoenician Chimilkât), Carthaginian navigator and explorer lived in 6th century BC.
		The oldest available source on Himilco's voyage is Pliny's Natural History by the Roman scientist Pliny the Elder.
		Himilco was not (according to Avienus) first to sail the northern Atlantic ocean; According to Avenius Himilco followed the route used by the Tartessians of southern Iberia.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/H/Himilco-the-Navigator.htm (201 words)

	Granville South, Ohio . Licking County, Ohio . 2000 . United States Census Bureau . Race (U.S. Census) . Marriage
		Everyday is a studio album by the Dave Matthews Band, released on February 27, 2001.
		Himilco Phoenician Chimilkât, Carthage Carthaginian navigator and exploration explorer lived in 6th century BC.
		Himilco is the first known sailor from the Mediterranean Sea to reach the northwestern shores of Europe.
	www.uk.fraquisanto.net /Granville_South,_Ohio (509 words)

	Carthage from the Phoenician Phoenician Kart Hadasht the New City...
		During the Siege of Agrigentum Agrigentum, the Carthaginian forces were ravaged by plague and Hannibal Mago died of it.
		Although Hannibal Mago's successor, Himilco Himilco, successfully extended the campaign by breaking a Greek siege, capturing the city of Gela Gela, and repeatedly defeating the army of Dionysius Dionysius, the new Tyrant of Syracuse, he, too, was weakened by the plague and forced to sue for peace before returning to Carthage.
		Himilco responded decisively to this attack, leading an expedition which not only reclaimed Motya, but also Messina Messina.
	www.biodatabase.de /Carthaginian (2507 words)

	Timeline of Carthaginian History
		Himilco takes town of Gela, defeating Syracusan force, then takes town of Camarina.
		Carthaginian force under Mago, nephew of Himilco, defeated trying to re-take Messana.
		Mago's son Himilco defeats Dionysius near Himera — truce favorable to Carthage concluded.
	spotlightongames.com /background/timeline.html (1156 words)

	Sicily
		Now, their commander Himilco was besieging Gela, and Dionysius proceeded against him.
		Both sides were happy to sign a peace treaty, which left Carthage in direct control of the western part of the island, and ordered the newly conquered cities to pay tribute.
		In 398, the tyrant declared the war he had been preparing for, and immediately marched to the far west, where he was, in spite of daring counterattacks by the Carthaginian commander Himilco, able to capture Motya.
	www.livius.org /sh-si/sicily/sicily04.html (1266 words)

	Tyrants
		These battles led to the rise of the Tyrant Dionysius I, whose complex attack at Gela, 405 was thwarted by King Himilco.
		Soon thereafter, Mago's son, Himilco, rebuilt his father's army and led it to a surprising victory over Dionysius at Cronium, 376.
		Dionysius' death led to a civil war in Syracuse that was finally ended when the Corinthian Timoleon was invited to become Strategos.
	www.ugg.de /GMT/tyrant.shtml (531 words)

	Himilco -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Carthaginian navigator known to have sailed from Carthage through the Strait of Gibraltar and northward along the Spanish and French Atlantic coasts.
		Himilco may possibly have visited Cornwall to obtain tin from its mines and may even have proceeded as far north as Ireland.
		Himilco's account of his voyage can be taken to suggest that he may have reached…
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9040497 (321 words)

	Atlantic Islands
		The Greek poet Avienus describes a journey by Himilco: "No breeze drives the ship forward, so dead is the sluggish wind of this idle sea.
		Himilco also adds that there is much seaweed among the waves, and that it often holds ships back like bushes.
		Nevertheless, he says that the sea has no great depth, and that the surface of the earth is barely covered by a little water.
	www.eaudrey.com /myth/Places/atlantic_islands.htm (381 words)

	The Voyage of Hanno
		It is sophistry to argue that Avienus cannot be believed because there is no record of Himilko’s voyage, when nothing of the extensive literature of the Carthaginians has remained, and when Hanno’s report of a previous voyage has survived in a single manuscript.
		Himilco succeeded his father as shophet in 480 B.C.; and it can be presumed that Hanno came into office roughly twenty years later.
		Quae Himilco Poenus mensibus vix quatuor, ut ipse semet re probasse retulit enavigantem, posse transmitti adserit.
	www.metrum.org /mapping/hanno.htm (8133 words)

	Carthage
		One was led by Himilco and sailed up the western coast of Spain and France.
		There is no evidence that Himilco or any other Phoenicians ever traded in Britain itself, but its not unrealistic to believe that tin from that island reached Carthage by intermediaries along the Atlantic route which had been in existence since prehistoric times.
		The other voyage, led by Hanno, went south along the Atlantic coast of Morocco at least as far as Cape Verde, apparently in search of gold.
	cornellia.fws1.com /carthage.htm (857 words)

	Theodor Mommsen History of Rome - The Revolution Page 12
		Manius Manilius, who commanded the land army, pitched his camp opposite the wall of the citadel, while Lucius Censorinus stationed himself with the fleet on the lake and there began operations on the tongue of land.
		The Carthaginian army, under Hasdrubal, encamped on the other side of the lake near the fortress of Nepheris, whence it obstructed the labours of the Roman soldiers despatched to cut timber for constructing machines, and the able cavalry-leader in particular, Himilco Phameas, slew many of the Romans.
		Censorinus fitted up two large battering-rams on the tongue, and made a breach with them at this weakest place of the wall; but, as evening had set in, the assault had to be postponed.
	italian.classic-literature.co.uk /history-of-rome/04-the-revolution/ebook-page-12.asp (702 words)

	Ultima Thule (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		B.C. 320) came the famous expedition of Pytheas, organized by the traders of Massilia, to the same parts, and though Pytheas' own account of his voyages is lost, fragments of it have been preserved.
		The account of Himilco's voyage, as turned into Latin verse by Rufus Festus Avienus, who flourished in A.D. 366, from the Greek translation of Eratosthenes (b.
		The Irish form of Albion was still current in the lifetime of Bede (died A.D. [Watson pp10-11] Alba is the current name for Scotland in (Scottish) Gaelic.
	www.davidac.fsworld.co.uk /davidacb.htm (865 words)

	Age of Exploration - On-line Curriculum Guide - The Mariners' Museum - Newport News, Virginia
		When sailing at night, sailors kept their ship in the right direction by observing constellations and the North Star, or what the ancient world called the "Phoenician Star."
		Using Himilco's sea route from Carthage to England through the Straits of Gibraltar, the Phoenicians were able to trade for tin directly.
		Hanno, a native of Carthage, a main Phoenician trading port, explored the western coast of Africa around 500 B.C. His coastal route took him from the Straits of Gibraltar (the Pillars of Hercules) around the western coast of Africa to modern Sierra Leone, and, when supplies ran low, returned to Carthage the way he came.
	www.mariner.org /educationalad/ageofex/phoenicians.php (332 words)

	Himilco -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		), Himilco's army conquered and sacked Acragas, Gela, and Camarina.
		An epidemic among his troops, however, led him to sign a peace treaty in 405
		"Himilco." Encyclopædia Britannica from Encyclopædia Britannica Premium Service.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9040498 (317 words)

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