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Topic: Hinduism in Java (island)

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	PreventConflict.org - Maps - Java
		The island of Java has an area of 132,000 square kilometers and is located between the islands of Sumatra to the west and Bali to the east.
		It is bordered by the Java Sea to the north and the Indian Ocean to the south.
		Java is a long, narrow island and is known for its many volcanoes, which extend in a ridge along the center of the island.
	www.preventconflict.org /portal/main/maps_java_overview.php (996 words)

	Great Expectations: Hindu Revival Movements in Java, Indonesia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Hindu empires had flourished in Java for a millennium until they were replaced by expanding Islamic polities in the 15th century, setting the stage for Indonesia becoming the world's largest Muslim nation.
		Officially identifying their religion as Hinduism was not a legal possibility for Indonesians until 1962, when it became the fifth state-recognized religion.[2] This recognition was initially sought by Balinese religious organizations and granted for the sake of Bali, where the majority were Hindu.
		In evaluating the significance of Hindu revivalism and similar movements in Java for the stability and future development of Indonesian democracy, it is thus of the utmost importance to adopt a balanced view of processes of social change and their implications.
	www.hvk.org /articles/1205/36.html (5770 words)

	BALINESE HINDUISM Zack's Indonesia Bali Travel pages - Indonesia-Bali.com \| all Information about bali, bali hinduism, ...
		Hinduism and Buddhism arrived in Bali partly via Java and partly direct from India, between the 8th and 16th centuries.
		The three basic principles of the Hindu religion are a knowledge of the epics (the Mahabharata, Ramayana and commentaries), a knowledge of philosophy and theology, and ritual worship (puja) connected with devotion (bakti) and offerings (banten).
		The swastika, wheel of the sun, is the symbol for the Hindu religion in general.
	www.indonesia-bali.com /bali_hindu.htm (1780 words)

	Hinduism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		To the Hindu this idea has been active force in defining the 'Eternal Dharma.' has been for Hinduism what the infinite Self of Advaita is to existence remaining forever unchanged self-luminous central and pervasive in spite of the chaos and flux around it.
		Hinduism rests on the spiritual bedrock of Vedas hence Veda Dharma and their mystic issue the Upanishads as well as the teachings of great Hindu gurus through the ages.
		The post-Vedic Hindu scriptures form the latter the most notable of which are the Mahabharata and the Ramayana major epics considered scripture by most followers of Dharma their stories arguably familiar to the majoriy of Hindus living in the Indian subcontinent if not abroad.
	www.freeglossary.com /Hinduism (4537 words)

	bali island - the paradise island
		The Island of Bali is a tiny island among Indonesian archipelago and exactly situated between Java and Lombok Islands.
		Hindu religion became the basic of Balinese culture which was influenced by Hindu-Javanese culture in the 10th century.
		Secondly, desa adat or desa pekraman (customary village) is the village administration in relation to Hindu religion with management of village assets, village temple, ritual ceremony, controlling population flows, and the use of village graveyard.
	www.baliaccess.com /about_bali_island.htm (1498 words)

	DEHATOUR - INFO CENTRAL JAVA - Island Destination (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Flanked by West and East Java, this province is centrally located on Java island with Semarang as its provincial capital situated on the northern coast.
		Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam and Christianity have all taken part in the evolution of what Central Java is today.
		It is situated on Java's normally flat northern coast and appropriately called the capital of Central Java as it lies just about halfway between the two extreme east and west coasts of the island.
	www.dehatour.com /data/info_centraljava.htm (2400 words)

	Hinduism 101 - Current Status. - free Suite101.com course
		Nepalese Hinduism is a sort of compromise between the tenets of Buddhism and Hinduism.
		Hinduism in Indonesia was brought by emissaries from the Gupta Rulers of the Indian city of Ujjain during the period 400-600 A.D. Yoga and Meditation in the International Context:
		The gurus, both pure Hindus of Indian origin and westerners who have learned the trade from someone, seldom acquaint their pupils with the true purpose of the Hindu yoga systems and only allow them as much knowledge as is necessary to do the asanas or physical exercises.
	suite101.com /lesson.cfm/19490/3026 (1546 words)

	JavaTours.com : Your complete choices to visit Java and Bali island
		Finally, although East Java is closely related culturally to Central Java, the Madurese are best known for their rugged sport called Kerapan Sapi, the famous bull races which take place on the island during August and September.
		East Java achieved its gloriousness when the Majapahit Empire was governed by Hayam Wuruk with his assistant Patih Gajah Mada on 1294-1478 and during the reign of Hayam Wuruk carried their power overseas, with raids into Bali and an expedition against Palembang in Sumatra.
		These mountains are among East Java's principal attractions and some of the more outstanding include the 3,676 meter active cone of Mt. Semeru, Java's higest peak, the famous sand sea and steaming crater of Mt. Bromo, the sulphureous summit of Mt. Welirang and the strangely beautiful crater lake of Ijen and Kelud.
	www.javatours.com /abouttours.htm (852 words)

	archive: The wong Tenggers of Java (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		There are a total of 30 Tengger villages in Java, all in the mountainous eastern part of the island settled at the base of a large volcano, Mt Bromo.
		Java, along with several other Indonesian islands, was once a Hindu-Buddhist land till the mid-16th century, when Islam arrived in the region.
		With the collapse of the Hindu Shaivite Majapahit Javanese dynasty, and the Islamisation of most of Java, the island's remaining Hindus moved to the remote eastern districts, where their descendants, the Tengger, are still found to this day.
	www.hvk.org /hvk/articles/0599/41.html (1247 words)

	Bali, Bali Island, About Bali, Travel to Bali, Accommodation in Bali (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The Hindu state of Java began to spread its influence into Bali during the reign of King Airlangga (1019 -24).
		It's adjacent to Java, the most heavily populated island, and immediately west of the chain of smaller islands comprising Nusa Tenggara.
		The population is almost all Indonesian; 95% are of Balinese Hindu religion and could be described as ethnic Balinese.
	www.komodotours.com /bali_island/bali.htm (857 words)

	About Bali & Indonesia Travel \| Bali Island - Baliforyou.com
		One of the smallest, but perhaps the most extraordinary, of the islands, is the recently famous Bali - a cluster of high volcanoes, their craters studded with serene lakes set in dark forests filled with screaming monkeys.
		Only a narrow strait, hardly two miles across, separates Bali from Java; here again the idea that the two islands were once joined and then separated is sustained by the legend of the great Javanese king who was obliged to banish his good-for-nothing son to Bali, then united to Java by a very narrow isthmus.
		Besides the strong tidal currents and the great depths of the straits, the coasts are little indented and are constantly exposed to the full force of the monsoons; where they are not bordered by dangerous coral banks, they rise from the sea in steep cliffs.
	www.baliforyou.com /bali/island.htm (570 words)

	ET / Indonesia Course: Lesson 1 (I)
		Although the island of Timor was, from very early times, visited by Chinese merchants, mainly searching for the white sandal, of exceptional quality, that grew spontaneously in the island, Timor was kept almost completely aside from the main commercial routes.
		Hence, the Hindu influence, first, in the beginning of the Christian era, and the Buddhist influence, afterwards, from the 5th century onwards (which were the dominant imprints of the kingdoms and empires in Sumatra or the island of Java), did not leave any significant impression in Timor.
		Based in Singhasari (nowadays Malang, in the Eastern part of the island of Java) the semi-legendary King Angrok managed to form, in the 13th century, an ephemeral, typically Javanese empire, in opposition to the Hindu-Buddhist influence, prevalent in Shrivijaya.
	www.uc.pt /timor/CURSO1A.HTM (3438 words)

	Buddhist Studies: Buddhism in Bali, Indonesia
		The island's history is scant until 1343 when it was conquered by and absorbed into the Majapahit Empire of Java-Sumatra.
		Hinduism and Buddhism both received state patronage although the type of Buddhism that prevailed gradually became indistinguishable from Hinduism.
		There are two Buddhist temples, one in Singharaj in the north of the island built by the Thai and Indonesian governments in 1971 and another in Dempasar.
	www.buddhanet.net /e-learning/buddhistworld/bali.htm (1493 words)

	Talk:Hinduism in Indonesia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		While we're at it, the article needs to mention the traditionlaist/modernist split in the Parisada Hindu Dharma Indonesia in 2001 and the role of Pancasila in the way in which Indonesian Hindus have defined themselves.
		It is argued, for example, that Indonesian Hinduism's alleged monotheism is an invention to satisfy the pancasila requirements imposed by the RI ministry of religion.
		SIR/MADAM, As there is no concrete evidence that Hinduism was transported from India.Hinduism cannot be taken through sudden religious jehads..The contacts between Javans and Indians was a two way transport and Hinduism is a religion basaed on interaction.So please avoid the words and phrases which indicate Hinduism is from originally from India.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Talk:Hinduism_in_Indonesia (735 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The island was conquered by the first documented king of Central Java, Sanjaya, in 732; stone and copper inscriptions in Old Balinese have been found that date from A.D. From the 10th to the 12th centuries, the Balinese Warmadewa family established a dynastic link with Java.
		They were subjects of an autocratic Hinduized ruler—one of a number of regional Balinese princes—who himself acknowleged the sovereignty of a Javanese overlord.
		The greatest ruler ot Bali's Gelgel dynasty, Dalem Batu Renggong, expanded the island's influence east by conquering and colonizing Lombok and Sumbawa, and the Blambangan Peninsula of East Java.
	www.balix.com /handbook/chapters/about_bali/history_java.html (2087 words)

	Java Tours - Tour Destinations in Java (Different Bali Indonesia Customized Tours Destinations)
		Java Island is the cultural, political and also spiritual center of Indonesia.
		Bali, the more famous neighboring island, is in fact a living museum of what was pre-Islamic Java, as underlined by Raffles, the famous English governor of the East Indies, during the nineteenth century.
		Java is a much bigger island than Bali though still much smaller than the islands of Sumatra and Borneo for example.
	www.differentbaliindonesia.com /destinations/java.html (489 words)

	Prayer Beads Minigallery - Museum of Anthropology - University of Missouri-Columbia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Prayer beads have a variety of forms and meanings, but the basic purpose is the same: to assist the worshiper in reciting and counting specific prayers or incantations.
		Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, and Hinduism are the major religions that use prayer beads in important ritualistic roles.
		Hinduism, one of the oldest living religions, is the major religion of the Indian subcontinent.
	coas.missouri.edu /anthromuseum/minigalleries/prayerbeads/intro.shtml (917 words)

	Indonesian Music - Part One
		The Indonesian archipelago is the largest and mightiest island chain in the world: a total of 13,677 islands are spread over some 3,200 miles of tropical seas, lying directly on the equator between the Australian continent to the south and mainland Southeast Asia (the modern Islamic country of Malaysia, specifically) to the north.
		However, about 3,000 of the islands are inhabited: the Batak people and Minangkabau people live in Sumatra, the Toraja in Sulawesi, the Dayaks in Borneo, the Sundanese in West Java, the Javanese in Central and East Java, and the Balinese in Bali, to name only a few.
		It is located on the northern coast of West Java; it is the center of government, commerce and industry and as such has an extensive communications network with the rest of the country and the outside world.
	trumpet.sdsu.edu /M345/Indonesian_Music1.html (2601 words)

	History of Central Java, Part I
		To navigate from island to island, these early sailors had to memorize the vertical star path for any given destination and then sail in the direction of that path by holding the ship’s mast to fix the boat's direction onto one or more of the stars in the constellation.
		Island Southeast Asia’s wholesale adoption of thousands of Sanskrit words has provided scholars with the means for separating cultural borrowings from India from indigenous beliefs that must have been developed prior to island Southeast Asia’s first contacts with the Indian subcontinent.
		The sharing of these terms among the natives of the various Indonesian islands also demonstrates that they must be among the oldest words to have been introduced, which pushes their origin backwards in time to the second millennium BCE.
	www.borobudur.tv /history_1.htm (2415 words)

	Kamboj and hinduism - KambojSociety.com
		Hindus are also found in large numbers in the adjacent island of Lombok and also in the eastern shores of Java and I have personally witnessed their festivities and customs during my visit to Indonesia in March-April 1996.
		Hindu traders were often charged higher taxes than their muslim counterparts.
		Thus, Hindu marraige and cremation customs were not recognized and upon the death of a Hindu man, the state treated his widow as concubines and his children as bastards, especially in Jamaica and Grenanda.
	www.kambojsociety.com /hinduism.asp (5373 words)

	ISLAND WAVE TOUR & TRAVEL
		G-Land is a renown surf camp situated on a remote stretch of coast in East Java.
		Renowned surf spots include Uluwatu in Bali, Grajagan in Java and Nias off Sumatra, but there is surf along the southern coast of virtually all the islands in Nusa Tenggara.
		Bali, one of over 13,000 islands in Indonesia, is famous for its scenic beauty, dynamic culture, and friendly people.
	www.island-wave.com (756 words)

	Hinduism Today \| Nov 1993
		It is the spirit of Gajah Mada who, while living in Java, had the power to disappear and had total use of light power.
		In the 5th century, a few hundred Hindu princes fled Java to Bali with their courts of priests, musicians, dancers and artists to escape Muslim territorialization.
		What evolved is now decidedly the most uniquely aesthetic form of Hinduism in the world, mirroring the more East Asian philosophy that every act-yogic or seemingly mundane-should radiate beauty and gracefulness as an expression of spirituality.
	www.hinduismtoday.com /archives/1993/11/1993-11-03.shtml (1276 words)

	Hinduism - Related Items - MSN Encarta
		Sanskrit Language, Hindu classical sacred and literary language
		, Hindu-Buddhist temple, near Magelang on the island of Java in Indonesia.
		Built in the 9th century under the Sailendra dynasty of Java, it...
	encarta.msn.com /related_761555715_6.0/Borobudur.html (40 words)

	Bali Island - Information about Bali, Indonesia :: Intouch Bali Real Estate
		Bali lies between the islands of Java and Lombok and is one more than 17,000 islands that makes up the Indonesian Archipelago.
		The main religion is Agama Hindu Dharma, which arrived in Bali with the spread of Hinduism through Sumatra and Java during the 11th century.
		With the arrival of Islam in neighbouring Java during the 15th century, a large number of courtiers, artists, musicians and craftsmen fled to Bali, creating an artistic renaissance.
	www.villabali.com /bali-information/bali-island.php (616 words)

	Surf Indonesia
		Others: Culturally interesting island in which many elements of original Indonesian culture (not influenced by Buddhism, Hinduism, or Islam) can still be found.
		Bali has not only some of the best waves in Indonesia, it is also culturally one of the most intersting islands of Indonesia.
		Lombok and Sumbawa are the two islands closest to Bali to the east.
	www.hawaii.edu /indolang/surf.html (560 words)

	Hinduism Today \| Jan 1988
		In Java, where colonization continued from the 3rd to 16th century, the winds of the Prambanan plains whistle through a cluster of dilapidated Siva, Brahma and Vishnu temples, once the powerhouses of the Java Hindus.
		When Islam overran Java, displacing the Majapahit Kingdom, tens of thousands of Hindus migrated to the neighboring island of Ball, where isolated by steep cliffs, the last bastion of pure Hinduism in Indonesia still flourishes.
		In all, eighteen Hindu kingdoms dotted the Asian history-scape.
	www.hinduismtoday.com /archives/1988/01/1988-01-09.shtml (287 words)

	That Horrible Woman Understood at Last by Pradip Bhattacharya
		But her range exceeds this with facile ease in the vibrant, cryptic, sinewy images thronging the description of war in Sections XIII-XV, as Kaikeyi blazes through the battlefield, smiling through her terror at the acclaim of victory.
		After Dasharatha's death, her inability to feel anything is described, as if she were marooned on a desert island
		Seven years after his death, she feels "jagged pain" strike her for the first time, and sheds her first tears in abject helplessness when Bharata looks through her, when she demands he send soldiers to help Rama rescue Sita.
	www.boloji.com /hinduism/057.htm (3265 words)

	Hindu Unity - Links
		Hinduunity.org is an organization dedicated to Hindutva and Hindu Rashtra
		The word Pakistan means "Land of the Pure"- implying that the founders of Pakistan established an Islamic state for pure Muslims from India dominated by ‘impure’ non-Muslims.
		: Details of Hindu Diaspora in Canada and the United States will be covered in the next chapter.
	www.hinduunity.org /articles/bharathistory/hinduismdowntheages.html (5312 words)

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