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Topic: Hippodrome of Constantinople

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	Hippodrome of Constantinople - Definition, explanation
		The Hippodrome of Constantinople was a horse-racing track that was the sporting and social centre of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire and the largest city in Europe.
		The race-track at the Hippodrome was U-shaped, and the Emperor's box, with four bronze statues of horses on its roof, was located at the eastern end of the track.
		Constantinople never really recovered from its sack during the Fourth Crusade and even though the Byzantine Empire survived until 1453, the Hippodrome was not rebuilt and did not regain its former glory.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/h/hi/hippodrome_of_constantinople.php (1005 words)

	Constantinople
		Constantinople occupies one of the most beautiful and advantageous sites in the world, uniting as it does Europe with Asia and putting in communication the Black Sea and all Southern Russia with the greater part of Europe and Asia, and even with distant America.
		Constantinople had, therefore, to sustain numberless sieges; it was attacked in 378 by the Goths, by the Avars and Persians during the reign of Heraclius (610-41), by the Arabs during the reign of Constantine Pogonatus (668-85), and again by the Arabs under Moslemeh in 717; many times also by Bulgarians, Patzinaks, Russians, and Khazars.
		The first period of the schism was coeval, especially at Constantinople, with a remarkable literary revival, inaugurated as early as the tenth century by the Macedonian dynasty and carried to its perfection under the Comneni and the Palæologi.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/constantinople.html (7308 words)

	hippodrome, at meydani, serpentine column, german fountain, obelisk, istanbul
		The Hippodrome of Constantinople was a horse-racing track that was the sporting and social centre of Constantinople, capital of the Byzantine Empire and the largest city in Europe.
		The first Hippodrome was built when the city was called Byzantium (Byzantion in Greek), and was a provincial town of moderate importance.
		The race-track at the Hippodrome was U-shaped, and the Emperor's box, with four bronze statues of horses on its roof, was located at the eastern end of the track.
	www.istanbul-hotels.net /visit/hippodrome.html (987 words)

	Gale - Free Resources - Women's History - Biographies - Theodora
		Her father, Acacius, was a bear trainer at the hippodrome in Constantinople.
		She returned to Constantinople in 522, settled in a house near the palace, and made a living spinning wool.
		Her body was buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles, one of the splendid churches the emperor and empress had built in Constantinople.
	www.galegroup.com /free_resources/whm/bio/theodora.htm (871 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Constantinople
		Constantinople had, therefore, to sustain numberless sieges; it was attacked in 378 by the Goths, by the Avars and Persians during the reign of Heraclius (610-41), by the Arabs during the reign of
		Constantinople, with a remarkable literary revival, inaugurated as early as the tenth century by the Macedonian dynasty and carried to its perfection under the Comneni and the Palæologi.
		Constantinople, the Byzantines, excited by their priests and monks, appeared daily more hostile to the West and exhausted their opportunities in useless theological disputes.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04301a.htm (6668 words)

	Hippodrome of Constantinople, Istanbul
		This was the largest hippodrome of the ancient world (and the largest stadium of all times) with a design that was conceptually based on the Circus Maximus in Rome which had a capacity of 250,000 spectators.
		The main architectural features of the Hippodrome besides the tribunes are the Starting Boxes, the Sphendone (the curved tribune in the south end), and the Spina (the separating wall in the middle of the racing track, embellished with obelisks).
		The Hippodrome, which remained in great parts intact until the fire of 1204, served for horse races, various other games and public meetings in the presence of the emperor who had his seat in the "Kathisma" - a monumental elevated loge that could be accessed directly from The Great Palace.
	www.emporis.com /en/wm/bu/?id=139338 (0 words)

	Byzantine Hippodrome, Istanbul, Turkey
		was the heart of Constantinople's political and sporting life, and the scene of games and riots through 500 years of Ottoman history as well.
		Facing one another across the Hippodrome are the Blue Mosque and the Museum of Turkish and Islamic Art.
		Yerebatan Saray, the Sunken Palace Cistern, is beneath the little park at the northern end of the Hippodrome.
	www.turkeytravelplanner.com /go/Istanbul/Sights/Sultanahmet/Hippodrome.html (237 words)

	Istanbul Travel - Hippodrome Square
		Though the Hippodrome might be the scene of their downfall, Byzantine emperors and Ottoman sultans outdid one another in beautifying it.
		The Byzantine emperor, Theodosius, had it brought from Egypt to Constantinople in AD 390 and had it erected on a marble pedestal engraved with scenes of himself in the midst of various imperial pastimes.
		It was erected to Constantinople during the reign of Theodosius I in 390.
	www.istanbul-travel.net /hippodrome-square.shtml (468 words)

	Hippodrome of Constantinople - Education - Information - Educational Resources - Encyclopedia - Music
		Today it is a square in the Turkish city of Istanbul, with only a few fragments of the original structure surviving.
		These horses, which were cast in the 5th century BC and brought from Greece, were looted during the Fourth Crusade in 1204 and can today be seen in Venice.
		The most severe of these was the Nike riots of 532, in which 30 000 people were said to have been killed.
	www.music.us /education/H/Hippodrome-of-Constantinople.htm (1161 words)

	Empress Theodora
		Her father, Acacius, was a bear trainer at the hippodrome in Constantinople.
		She returned to Constantinople in 522, settled in a house near the palace, and made a living spinning wool.
		Her body was buried in the Church of the Holy Apostles, one of the splendid churches the emperor and empress had built in Constantinople.
	www.edwardsly.com /theodor.htm (0 words)

	The Atmeidan, or Hippodrome--in Constantinople
		Located on the water route between the Mediterranean and the Black Sea, and at the intersection of Asia and Europe, Constantinople was at the center of the changing geopolitical, economic, and religious life of the empire.
		This photograph of the Hippodrome, taken in the mid to late nineteenth century, shows the location of the Serpentine Column in a setting that is very unlike Bartlett's drawing.
		What remains at the site of the Hippodrome is an unattractive, serpentine stump; an oddity whose history elevates it to the position of one of the western world's great artifacts.
	www.helleniccomserve.com /hippodrome.html (0 words)

	Bordeaux Pilgrim - Illustrations 10-12: From Constantinople to Tarsus
		Bordeaux Pilgrim - Illustrations 10-12: From Constantinople to Tarsus
		Pedestal of the obelisk of Emperor Theodosius (379-395 AD) in the centre of the hippodrome of Constantinople.
		The scene sculptured in bas-relief presents the emperor with his dignitaries, seated in higher places than the common people, all waiting for the start of a horse race.
	www.christusrex.org /www1/ofm/pilgr/bord/10Bord04Pcts.html (223 words)

	Hippodrome
		The hippodrome was an immense construction 480 meters length and 117.5 meters wide; it could seat, according to estimations one hundred thousand spectators.
		As Haghia Sophia was the center of religious life, the hippodrome was the center of the civil activities.
		The central line, or spina of the hippodrome was marked by obelisks and columns, three of which are still outstanding monuments at Sultan Ahmet square (see picture bellow: the red line is where the hippodrome was located, behind it you can see the Blue Mosque and Saint Sophia).
	www.business-with-turkey.com /tourist-guide/hippodrome.shtml (0 words)

	Roman Emperors - DIR Constantine I
		Constantine without question began the construction of two major churches in Constantinople, Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom) and Hagia Eirene (Holy Peace); the foundation of a third, the Church of the Holy Apostles, may be attributed to him with a measure of certainty.
		His body was escorted to Constantinople and lay in state in the imperial palace.
		"The Tombs of the Byzantine Emperors at the Church of the Holy Apostles in Constantinople." JHS 79 (1959) 27-51.
	www.roman-emperors.org /conniei.htm (5004 words)

	Theodosius Obelisk (Site not responding. Last check: )
		The reliefs on the pedestal depict Theodosius and his family and aides watching the races in the hippodrome and tell the story of how the obelisk was erected.
		It appears to have stood unmoved in the former Hippodrome of Istanbul (Constantinople at that time) since A.D. In early 13th Century, when the 4th Crusade attacked Constantinople, the countless wealth were destroyed and plundered.
		At that time, the four bronze horses were also carried off from the Hippodrome, but the obelisk was left because it was too big.
	hometown.aol.com /sokamoto31/istanbul.htm (632 words)

	Photos of Constantinople
		Constantinople had a population of 1000000 habitants while the second largest city in Europe had 50000.
		Unlike Rome, Constantinople had several industries producing luxury goods, military supplies (the famous greek fire), hardware, textiles and jewellery.
		The City (Constantinople) had 4388 palaces, many hospitals, orphanages, poorhouses, thousands of churches and a University called "Pandidaktirion" that was founded on 849 A.D. by Kaisar Barda.
	fstav.tripod.com /photos.html (733 words)

	Hippodrome - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It corresponded to the Roman Circus Maximus, except that in the latter only four chariots ran at a time, whereas ten or more contended in the Greek games, so that the width was far greater, being about 400 ft., the course being 600 to 700 ft. long.
		It should not be confused with the Roman amphitheatre which was used for spectator sports, games and displays, or the Greek and Roman theatres which were semi-circular and used for theatrical performances.
		This was the most dangerous part of the track and the greeks put an altar to Taraxippus there to show the spot where many chariots got wrecked.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hippodrome (310 words)

	Istanbul Travel Information \| Lonely Planet Destination Guide
		Support for a team was akin to membership of a political party and an emperor might lose his throne as the result of a post-match riot.
		Though the Hippodrome might be the scene of their downfall, Byzantine emperors and Ottoman sultans outdid one another in beautifying it.
		The Byzantine emperor, Theodosius, had it brought from Egypt to Constantinople in AD 390 and had it erected on a marble pedestal engraved with scenes of himself in the midst of various imperial pastimes.
	www.lonelyplanet.com /worldguide/destinations/europe/turkey/istanbul?poi=25021 (0 words)

	Hippodrome Constantinople 3 royalty-free image
		The Byzantine Hippodrome, below the present ground level, was 480 m in length and 117.5 m wide and could hold perhaps 100,000 spectators.
		The three surviving features are the Egyptian Obilisk (from the Temple of Thutmose III at Dier el Bahri), the Serpentine Column and a Stone Pillar.
		They mark the line of the central spina of the Hippodrome.
	www.gardenvisit.com /royalty-free-images/photographs/hippodrome-constantinople-12.htm (112 words)

	Istanbul Tourist Guide: City Tours
		Hippodrome Square:The former center of sportive and political activities of Constantinople.
		Hippodrome Square: The former center of sportive and political activities of Constantinople.
		Hippodrome Square : The former center of sportive and political activities of Constantinople.
	www.istanbultourist.com /citytours.php (1480 words)

	Emperor Justinian: Architect of the Byzantine Legacy
		In 551, in an ongoing theological dispute with the Patriarch of Constantinople, Vigilius excommunicated the Patriarch.
		She worked there as a mime, then became a full-time actress at the Hippodrome, a career which was not held in high esteem for women of the time (Koeller).
		Theodora died early in Justinian's reign, in 548, and was buried at the Church of the Holy Wisdom, one of several churches she and her husband would build in Constantinople.
	stu.cofc.edu /~wecapps/emperorjustinian.htm (3497 words)

	Istanbul Hotel Yigitalp, Saint Sophia, Blue Mosque, Grand Bazaar, Topkapi Palace, Underground Cistern (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Although conquered by Alexander the Great and eventually subsumed by the Roman Empire, Byzantium fared pretty well until it annoyed a Roman emperor by backing his rival in a civil war, and it was subsequently destroyed.
		Constantinople was regarded as the capital of the Eurasian world, thanks in large part to its magnificent architecture - many of the Christian churches and palaces, as well as the impressive Hippodrome, are still visible today.
		The fall of Constantinople occurred in 1453 when the Ottoman army of Sultan Mehmet II took the city.
	www.yigitalp.com /istanbul_guide.htm (986 words)

	Constantine, York's Roman Emperor Returns To Yorkshire Museum - 24 Hour Museum - official guide to UK museums, ...
		He also switched his capital from Rome to the much easier to defend city of Constantinople (now modern Istanbul) and thereafter ensured this eastern arm of the Empire survived for another thousand years.
		This bronze goose found in Constantinople's hippodrome was probably part of a fountain.
		A life-size bronze goose statue was found at the hippodrome in Constantinople having probably been part of a fountain.
	www.24hourmuseum.org.uk /exh_gfx_en/ART36102.html (805 words)

	Hippodrome
		A portion of the substructures of the sphendone (the curved end) is now more visible with the clearing of houses in the area to the south.
		Except for a limited excavation earlier this century, there has been no organized examination of the Hippodrome.
		However, in 1993 an area in fromt of Sultanahment Camii (the Blue Mosque) was bulldozed in order to install a new toilet.
	marbletower.freehosting.net /html/hippodrome.html (0 words)

	Turquie, Présentation Histoire Istanbul
		Peu après, Septime Sévère décida de reconstruire la ville de beaux monuments (Hippodrome, palais, thermes…) et l’entoura d’un nouveau rempart et la baptisa Augusta Antonina en l’honneur de son fils (Caracalla).
		Constantinople (Constantinopolis) devint la capitale de l‘empire Byzance (L’Empire romain d’orient).
		Au 6è siècle, la splendeur de Constantinople atteint son apogée sous Justinien, empereur, chef de l’état, qui soumet l’Eglise au pouvoir impérial.
	www.planet-turquie-guide.com /istanbul.htm (884 words)

	HorsesStMarkVenice
		The Constantinople Hippodrome was a chariot-racing venue designed to emulate the Roman Circus Maximus, so this new display of the horses was particularly appropriate: the horses are thought to have first been made as part of a quadriga sculpture group -- the four horses, a chariot, and an heroic driver.
		The European warlords who organized the Fourth Crusade in the early 13th century had learned from past mistakes: going by sea to Outremere, the overseas Crusader kingdom in the Holy Land, was a much safer and much less costly prospect than the long overland march.
		Prominent in the Venetian booty from Constantinople were the four horses.
	www.mmdtkw.org /VHorses2002.html (1604 words)

	Lysippos of Sikyon (Horses, Alexander)
		Four bronze horses that once stood at the hippodrome of Constantinople (Istanbul).
		In 1204 AD, they were taken to Venice by the crusaders and for centuries ornamented the facade of Saint Mark church.
		Made by Lysippos or his school, in the 4th century BC, they brought to Rome by Nero, from there they were taken by Constantine the Great to Constantinople.
	www.sikyon.com /Sicyon/Lysippos/lysip_egpg09.html (109 words)

	Wonderful Balloon Ascents eBook
		From the summit of the tower of the hippodrome at Constantinople, a certain Saracen met the same fate as Simon, in the reign of the Emperor Comnenus.
		His experiments were conducted on the principle of the inclined plane.
		He consoled himself, however, in his misfortune by saying that his attempt must certainly have succeeded had he only provided himself with a tail.
	www.bookrags.com /ebooks/899/7.html (434 words)

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