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Topic: Histadrut

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	The Unmaking of the Histadrut (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Histadrut was founded in 1920 as "The General Federation of Jewish Labor," the avowed purpose of which was to "conquer labor" from the hands of Palestinian Arabs.
		It received, as said, full cooperation from the Histadrut, which accepted the layoffs and wage-freezes with "understanding." Here was the only workers' organization in the country, paving the way to globalization, permitting "flexibility" in the labor market by releasing employers from limitations that had been established for the workers' benefit.
		The Histadrut's failure to prevent the privatization of the pension funds, El Al Airlines, the ports and the banks has moved local labor councils to look out for their immediate interests while claiming part of the spoils from the sales.
	www.workersadvicecenter.org /Challenge88-Histadrut.htm (3678 words)

	Union responses to a changing environment: The New Histadrut - The General Federation of Labour in Israel: Discussion ...
		New Histadrut members pay dues of 0.9 per cent of their wages (up to a certain ceiling); co-workers who benefit from the collective agreement but who are not members of the Histadrut pay 0.7 per cent of their wages (up to a certain ceiling) as an organization tax.
		Compared to survey results obtained in October 1993, the Histadrut's importance to the individual remained the same (44 per cent gave a grade of 4, 5, or 6), although there was a small decrease in the assessment of its contribution to the country's welfare (52 per cent in 1993 versus 44 per cent in 1994).
		An example of the influence attributed to the Histadrut during that period is illustrated by responses to the question: "Who is most influential in the industrial relations system?" asked in the course of a comprehensive survey (1,200 interviewees, a representative sample of Israel's adult population, not limited to Histadrut members).
	www.ilo.org /public/english/bureau/inst/papers/1999/dp104 (16040 words)

	Israel: Government threatens Histadrut as general strike continues (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Histadrut’s public sector unions decided to strike from May 14 after eight hours of talks between Histadrut chairman Amir Peretz, Netanyahu and Minister in the Treasury Meir Sheetrit failed to reach an agreement.
		While the Histadrut has accepted a gradual hike in retirement age for men from 65 to 67, it rejects the treasury’s demand that women also retire at that age, and instead is proposing that women retire at 62 instead of 60.
		The Histadrut at first rejected that demand completely, but now it is willing to compromise by saying that only a professional team will determine if the management of the funds will be transferred to government’s hands.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2003/may2003/isra-m16.shtml (499 words)

	Israel: Histadrut agrees to let treasury manage union pension funds (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Histadrut Chairman Amir Peretz said yesterday that he would agree "to transfer management of the funds to the state, on the condition that an agreement ensures the rights of the fund members."
		In the negotiations between the treasury and the Histadrut on the pension issue, there is agreement in principal that employers and employees' increase their pension payments by 3 percent, but there is disagreement on how it should be implemented.
		The Histadrut would like to see retirement age for men reach 67 years, while women would be allowed to retire at 62.
	www.globalaging.org /pension/world/israelfund.htm (556 words)

	Histadrut
		Histadrut is also strongly involved in education, ranging from secondary schools by technical schools to adult education, as well as the publication of books and newspapers.
		For many years, Histadrut was central in the Zionist strife, being involved in promoting and aiding Jewish immigration.
		The administration of the Histadrut is headed by an executive bureau, which indirectly is elected by the members of the organization.
	i-cias.com /e.o/histadrut.htm (321 words)

	The Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs (PASSIA)
		Histadrut convention introduced the official name change from the 'General Federation of Hebrew Workers in the Land of Israel' to the 'General Federation of Workers in the Land of Israel' and corresponding adjustments were made in the constitution of the Histadrut.
		Histadrut General Congress from the 'The General Federation of the Workers in the Land of Israel' ('the Histadrut') to the 'The New General Federation of Workers' ('the New Histadrut’), as was the Histadrut logo (see below).
		Whereas previously the Histadrut was headed by a secretary-general, the system of governance in the now became patterned in analogy to the system of governance of the state, with the chairman of the Histadrut exercising 'presidential' powers.
	www.passia.org /seminars/2000/israel/part9.html (3721 words)

	Commentary Magazine - How Encourage Investment in Israel? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		...This is denied by Histadrut, which contends that, although it has a strong majority on nearly all the governing councils of the Exchanges, a rule of unanimity on policy matters prevents it from manipulating the system in its own interest even if it wished to...
		...If the Histadrut case is a strong one, the public-especially the Israeli public-should be persuaded by evidence rather than by turgid rhetoric or appeals to emotional Jewish "patriotism" and faith in miracles which are the traditional and outmoded methods of communication between Israeli leaders and world Jewry...
		...Histadrut, which "federates" all of labor's far-flung enterprises-as trade union, industrialist, banker, exporter, importer, grower, builder, wholesaler, transporter, distributor, and retailer-is certainly big enough to justify the title of "giant...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V11I5P35-1.htm (8955 words)

	The Histadrut: Defending the Strong
		At the end of December 1997, Israel's national trade union, the Histadrut, brought the economy to a halt for four days with a general strike just as the government was debating its yearly budget.
		The Histadrut held elections in 1994, and the result was a major overhaul.
		The December strike showed that the new Histadrut is not fighting for the poor or the Arabs.
	www.workersadvicecenter.org /histadrut.htm (743 words)

	Arab-Jewish workers' joint struggles prior to the partition of Palestine
		On January 1922 the Histadrut council had adopted a resolution which declared the basic principles of joint organization among the railwaymen to be an "organization of the workers on the basis of national sections" and "preservation of the Jewish Railway Workers' Association as part of the Histadrut."[4]
		Histadrut and Haifa Workers' Council officials opposed trying to get the Egyptians to join the strike, for fear that their participation might undermine the Histadrut's long-term goal of achieving exclusively Jewish employment at the site, in keeping with the "Hebrew labour" doctrine.
		For the remainder of the mandate period, in fact until 1959 when the Histadrut decided to allow Arabs to become full members, the PLL (renamed the Israel Labour League after 1948) was the organization into which Arab workers were organized under the control of the Histadrut.
	www.marxist.com /MiddleEast/arab_jewish_struggles1.html (4207 words)

	CIDI : Nieuws - 28-01-2001
		Histadrut leader, Peretz, said that the Finance Ministry's offer is a salary increase over 3 years at an annual rate of 0.25 percent, and is unacceptable to the labor union.
		According to Peretz, the Histadrut presented proposals that were more creative than those of the Finance Ministry, but he refused to elaborate on their content.
		As a result of the increased sanctions by the Histadrut Labor Federation, flights in-and-out of Israel have all but stopped with hundreds of passengers stranded at Ben Gurion International Airport after the Histadrut issued work bans on outgoing flights causing many airliners to cancel flights to Israel for fear their aircraft could be stranded.
	www.cidi.nl /news/2001/280101d.html (773 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Business \| Israeli strike rages as talks stall (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Histadrut officials said they were furious at finance Minster Binyamin Netanyahu's decision to postpone a meeting with their chairman Amir Peretz from Thursday evening to Friday morning.
		Histadrut members have said the main stumbling block is the government's plan to raise the retirement age for women to 67.
		Histadrut officials suggested Mr Netanyahu had deliberately delayed the meeting to prolong the strike.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/business/3033063.stm (320 words)

	News Behind the News
		Histadrut is facing the same reality that every enterprise in debt and losing money confronts—how to cut costs.
		The workers say Histadrut is plotting to fire 450 workers.
		The workers of Histadrut are striking to “smash the bosses,” which, in this case, is the Histadrut itself.
	www.israeleconomy.org /nbn/nbn460e.htm (112 words)

	New Apartheid 2 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Thus was the Histadrut (Israeli equivalent of the AFL-CIO) born.
		As the Histadrut wrote at one point: "The Jewish workers considered it their bounden duty to raise the Arab worker from his exploited and degraded position, for which his (Arab) employers, backed by the government and the (Muslim) clergy are responsible."
		This was because the Histadrut clearly saw the self-organizing of the Arab workers as being a threat to the creation of a Jewish homeland or Jewish nation - one in which Arabs would not be welcome.
	www.laborsmilitantvoice.com /arcPamphletIsrael2.htm (2151 words)

	Newsbriefs of the General Strike in Israel
		In another 3 hours -- at 13:00 -- the Histadrut's strike headquarters is due to meet with leaders of the works councils to discuss which sectors of the economy will continue to strike after 14:00.
		It will be recalled that the Histadrut has in the past ignored court orders and continued with strikes, leading late last year to the arrest of the head of the Trade Union Department, Shlomo Shani.
		The main issue appears to be consistent government refusal to honor commitments made to the Histadrut, particularly in the area of pensions.
	www.labourstart.org /ilstrike.html (2183 words)

	Commentary Magazine - The Lavon Affair (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		...To the extent that the Histadrut is a hindrance to the development of a competitive economy, the younger set would like to see its wings clipped, so as to assure greater industrial efficiency and a climate conducive to a greater degree of free enterprise...
		...Lavon went on to place the Histadrut on an equal footing with the state, from which it logically followed that "cooperation between the state and the Histadrut is not a one-way traffic...
		...Since the Histadrut came into existence some thirty years before the State, its forces tend to be composed of the older members of Mapai whose general point of view is still pretty much shaped by the rather rigid socialist doctrines embraced by the founders of the organization...
	www.commentarymagazine.com /Summaries/V31I2P14-1.htm (2806 words)

	Israel - Histadrut (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As of the late 1980s, the Histadrut (HaHistadrut HaKlalit shel HaOvdim B'Eretz Yisrael, General Federation of Laborers in the Land of Israel) continued to be a major factor in Israeli life as the largest voluntary organization in the country.
		The Histadrut performed functions that were unique to Israeli society, a legacy of its nation-building role in a wide range of economic, trade union, military, social, and cultural activities.
		As in the past, in late 1988 the Histadrut's secretary general, Israel Kaissar, was a Labor Party leader and a member of its Knesset delegation.
	www.country-data.com /cgi-bin/query/r-6786.html (388 words)

	RONEN SHAMIR \| The Comrades Law of Hebrew Workers in Palestine: A Study in Socialist Justice \| Law and History Review, ...
		One of the early decisions of the Histadrut was to create its own internal legal system and to call it the "Comrades Law." The 1921 constitution of the Histadrut stipulated that "all members of the Histadrut are subjected to the Comrades Law and should obey its verdicts" [Article 14].
		Furthermore, the idea was that members of the Histadrut would use the courts to resolve all their individual disputes relating to monetary issues and "honor" (libel, insults, and so forth).
		Obtaining work by bypassing the organized organs of the Histadrut may lead to competition among workers and to decreasing wages which destroy the worker and demoralize the organized working class, undermine the authority of the Histadrut, and provide exploiters with ammunition in their war against the Histadrut.
	www.historycooperative.org /journals/lhr/20.2/shamir.html (10580 words)

	The Histadrut
		Founded in December, 1920 at the Haifa Technion, the Histadrut was created as a trade union which would organize the economic activities of Jewish workers.
		It is the aim of the United Federation of all the workers and laborers of Palestine who live by the sweat of their brows without exploiting the toil of others, to promote land settlement, to involve itself in all economic and cultural issues affecting labor in Palestine, and to build a Jewish workers' society there.
		By 1927, the Histadrut claimed to serve 25,000 workers, encompassing 75% of the entire Jewish Palestine labor force.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/History/histadrut.html (367 words)

	Israel - The Histadrut (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Histadrut (short for HaHistadrut HaKlalit shel HaOvdim B'Eretz Yisrael--The General Federation of Laborers in the Land of Israel) was founded in December 1920 as the primary representative of Jewish labor in Palestine; it has accepted Arabs as full members since 1969.
		The Histadrut also operated pension and social service programs, the most important of which was Kupat Holim (the Sick Fund), the largest provider of health care to Israelis.
		The dual character of the Histadrut, as both the largest trade union federation in the country and the second largest employer, has sometimes led to difficulties with both the government and labor.
	countrystudies.us /israel/56.htm (226 words)

	Workers' Bank, Ltd. Reez - Israel ( Palistine ) 1924 - Established by Histadrut (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		As to the fields of education and social welfare, the Histadrut promoted an intricate network of institutions embracing all members and their familiies, thereby implementing to some degree the social vision of a commonwealth of labour responsible for its own fate.
		Members' children were educated in schools run by the movement and dedicated to transmitting the labour ideology to the rising generation in the medium of modern Hebrew.
		In the field of social welfare the Histadrut absorbed the sickness fund of the agricultural workers' union founded in 1911 to promote the health of workers, provide them with medical service and insure them against the losses exacted by malaria and the other hazards of pioneering.
	www.scripophily.net /workersbankltd.html (516 words)

	Histadrut Strike - Israel - Worldpress.org
		The sanctions instituted by the Histadrut and implemented by the public workers’ committees at each office took the form of informational sessions on the proposed budget, after which workers sat at their desks without doing their work or providing services to the public.
		The Histadrut subsequently called a series of work sanctions and general strikes to protest the government’s fiscal plan and its use of legislation to violate collective wage agreements.
		However, when in mid-April Histadrut suspended the strike and reverted to sanctions so that workers could collect their Passover holiday pay packets, two-weeks’ vacation pay, and holiday bonuses, the unions began losing popular support.
	www.worldpress.org /Mideast/1134.cfm (957 words)

	The Institute for Advanced Strategic and Political Studies Jerusalem, Washington
		In one stroke, it would eliminate the massive Histadrut slush fund and much of its power to terrorize the nation, as it did repeatedly throughout the year.
		Histadrut would lose control of the fee collection and thousands of its employees would have to look for employment elsewhere.
		Histadrut demanded that Rabin convene a Labor Party convention to debate the bill.
	www.israeleconomy.org /score14.htm (8175 words)

	Home Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		In partnership with the American labor movement and Jewish communities, we provide vital support for the vision and the institutions that gave birth to the State of Israel.
		With funding from NCLI, two groups of more than 40 Histadrut Worker Committee leader attended two 2-day seminars at the International Institute, developing their knowledge of workers' rights and their ability to protect and advocate for workers in an increasingly difficult environment.
		In cooperation with Histadrut's Youth Movement, and with support from NCLI, the International Institute is conducting its fifth annual "Youth Together" program, encouraging Jewish and Arab Israeli youth from "at risk" communities to become agents for peace and coexistence.
	www.laborisrael.org (439 words)

	Israel: Workers' struggles intensify despite Histadrut betrayal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Another wave of strikes, workers’ struggles and anti-capitalist demonstrations is being felt in Israel just two weeks after the Histadrut trade union federation reached an agreement with the finance ministry ending sanctions in the public sector.
		The agreement between the trade union bureaucracy and the government headed by Ariel Sharon and his Finance Minister Binyamin Netanyahu, was signed after the Histadrut agreed to mass lay-offs in the public services and state-owned companies in return for changes in the government’s austerity plan for 2004’s budget.
		The struggle continues in the Histadrut’s Longshoremen’s Union, which declared a labour dispute a week ago—blaming the government and the Ports Authority for breaching signed labour agreements.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2004/jan2004/isra-j23.shtml (710 words)

	PALESTINE PAPERS - Union-Made
		Although they pay dues to the Histadrut, West Bank and Gazan workers are not entitled to vote in union elections, nor to take part in local workers' councils.
		The government deducts an "organisation tax" of 1% from their wages and gives it to the Histadrut to provide "trade union protection." The Histadrut claims to be unable to give such protection as it lacks access to the necessary records.
		Apart from the moral implications of AFL-CIO investments in Histadrut- owned industries, including Koors, the financial condition of these investments leave much to be desired.
	www.sonomacountyfreepress.com /palestine/union.html (752 words)

	Israel: Histadrut and police against migrant workers (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Last month the Histadrut (claiming to be a general federation of trade unions) announced that it was “considering” setting up a trade union for foreign workers employed in Israel.
		So, the Histadrut, which claims to represent workers, volunteers for racist collaboration with the police (and employers) against the workers; and it goes so far as to ask Israeli workers to inform on their workmates.
		Such an apartheid policy truly befits an organization which is ready to put itself at the service of the mass deportation policy proclaimed by the government, and should be exposed and condemned.
	www.labournet.net /world/0209/histad1.html (463 words)

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