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Topic: Historical process of beatification and canonization

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	Canonization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Canonization is the process of declaring someone a saint and involves proving that a candidate has lived in such a way that he or she qualifies for this.
		The new process was established by Pope John Paul II, in his apostolic constitution of January 25, 1983, Divinus Perfectionis Magister, and by Pietro Cardinal Palazzini, Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, in the New Laws fo the Causes of Saints, published on February 7, 1983.
		Canonization of Saints - Describes the significance and process of canonizing saints.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Canonization (2152 words)

	Canonization - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Canonization is the process of making someone into a saint and involves proving that a candidate has lived in such a way that he or she is worthy of sainthood.
		The process of an individual being declared a saint in the Roman Catholic Church began in the 900s, when the church in Rome demanded that all saints throughout her jurisdiction be added to an official list to be kept in Rome.
		Canonization is generally considered to be an infallible act of the pope, and is therefore taken very seriously.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Canonization (1974 words)

	Historical Sketch of Canonization
		Canonization derives its origin from revealed Catholic doctrine on the invocation of saints and the honor due to them; and the custom of paying religious honor to holy men and seeking their intercession is plainly asserted in the Old Testament.
		The acts of the Process were sent either to the Metropolitan or Primate, who carefully examined the cause, and, after consultation with the suffragan bishops, declared whether the defunct was worthy of the name of martyr and the honor of public worship.
		And the beatification of Venerable Teresa de St. Agostino and her companions, which was made on the 10th of June, 1906, was the one hundred and thirteenth beatification which took place after that of St. Francis of Sales in 1661.
	friarsminor.org /xvii4-9.html (4067 words)

	page15
		The norms for beatification and canonization and their implementation under the pontificate of John Paul II also bear relevance to the question of the ecclesial status of St. Philomena.
		While a comprehensive historical account of a candidate for canonization is legitimate in seeking to establish the heroic virtue required for a confessor, it should not, by primitive and contemporary standards, be required for the declaration of the sanctity of a Christian martyr.
		When historical requirements beyond the establishment of martyrdom is posed in itself as an impediment to the public veneration of a martyr as a "saint," it strays from the ecclesiastical principles for sanctity, both ancient and current.
	www.homestead.com /missionbell/page15.html (526 words)

	Faith/Spirituality Forum: Canonization process
		Canon norms regarding the procedure to be followed for causes of saints are contained in the Apostolic Constitution 'Divinus Perfectionis Magister,' promulgated by John Paul II on January 25, 1983.
		For canonization another miracle is needed, attributed to the intercession of the Blessed and having occurred after his beatification.
		Canonization is understood as the concession of public worship in the Universal Church.
	www.saint-mike.org /apologetics/qa/Answers/Faith_Spirituality/f0309070404.html (1179 words)

	C
		Canonization: An infallible declaration by the pope that a person, who died as a martyr and/or practiced Christian virtue to a heroic degree, is now in heaven and is worthy of honor and imitation by all the faithful.
		Such a declaration is preceded by the process of beatification and another detailed investigation concerning the person’s reputation for holiness, writings, and (except in the case of martyrs) a miracle ascribed to his or her intercession after death.
		The earliest canonization by a pope with positive documentation was that of St. Ulrich (Uldaric) of Augsburg by John XV in 993.
	eapi.admu.edu.ph /bodega/c.htm (6200 words)

	Canonization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		For the canonization of Scripture, see Biblical canon.'' Canonization is the process of making someone into a saint and involves proving that a candidate has lived in such a way that he or she is worthy of sainthood.
		The decision as to the martyr having died for his faith in Christ, and the consequent permission of worship, lay originally with the bishop of the place in which he had borne his testimony.
		Main article: Historical process of beatification and canonization The process for making a saint was considerably more involved.
	canonization.ask.dyndns.dk (1819 words)

	Canonization February 1998, Seraph Vol XVIII No 6
		It must be instituted in all causes before the final stage of canonization can be reached; for it must be proved that at least two miracles have been wrought by the deceased servant of God since his beatification in order to obtain the decree of canonization.
		This Process must also be held for beatification whenever satisfactory proof of the required miracles has not been obtained in the Apostolic Process regarding the individual virtues and miracles.
		The special Process for beatification is always held after the Process for the individual virtues and miracles.
	friarsminor.org /xviii6-12.html (1498 words)

	Commentary: The Beatification of Anne Catherine Emmerich
		As the process has evolved, it now considers a paper trail of evidence during the candidate's lifetime, the testimony of witnesses, and what might be called a miracle-trail of responses to prayers directed to the deceased holy person.
		At her canonization it was declared that she was killed because she was Jewish and was to be venerated as a reminder of all Jews killed during the Nazi genocide.
		The beatification of Anne Catherine Emmerich proceeded because the writings attributed to her were not included in the evaluative process.
	www.bc.edu /research/cjl/meta-elements/texts/cjrelations/topics/commentary_emmerich.htm (1562 words)

	Catholic World News : A "Sainthood Factory?"
		In fact, in a canonization (but not a beatification) the pope invokes his fullest authority; the solemn proclamation of a saint is an infallible statement.
		The process involved in the examination of a reported miracle is much the same as the one involved in the examination of the candidate's moral life, except that in this case the evidence is scrutinized by physicians rather than theologians.
		Canonization entails a process that remains--despite the reforms introduced by Pope John Paul II--both laborious and expensive.
	www.cwnews.com /news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=20629 (2706 words)

	CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Historical Criticism
		Historical criticism is the art of distinguishing the true from the false concerning facts of the past.
		Historical certitude would indeed be difficult to reach if for each fact we had but one isolated piece of evidence.
		We have in the Catholic process of canonization (see BEATIFICATION AND CANONIZATION) an excellent example of the manner in which the proof of miracles is handled by the tribunal which Catholics most respect.
	www.newadvent.org /cathen/04503a.htm (6168 words)

	The Beatification of Pope Pius IX by John W. O'Malley , America: The Catholic Weekly Magazine
		The conclusion is surely inescapable that the beatification of Pius IX is the work of a small group of ultra-conservatives.” In Italy, I am informed, the political left is howling with feigned indignation, which masks its genuine glee that the Catholic Church has through this action once again manifested its true, fascist character.
		Canon Roger Aubert, then professor in the seminary at Malines, Belgium, published in French a book on his pontificate that employed a more dispassionate and methodologically sound approach, which he followed in 1962 with one on the First Vatican Council.
		Beatifications deal with the past but are actions done in the present and for the present.
	www.americamagazine.org /gettext.cfm?articleTypeID=1&textID=2118&issueID=378 (3647 words)

	John Paul II's Saints and Us
		For 350 years, the Church had weighed claims to sanctity through an adversarial legal process, in which the candidate for beatification or canonization was put on trial, as it were, posthumously.
		The “trial” was replaced by an academic-historical process, in which the key document is a biography of the candidate, prepared according to contemporary scholarly standards.
		But it would be a great mistake to conclude that “process” alone explains the new wave of beatifications and canonizations in the Church.
	catholiceducation.org /articles/religion/re0803.html (973 words)

	Catholic World News : Understanding the process of canonization
		The recent controversy over the beatification process of the Italian Capuchin stigmatist Padre Pio has once again brought to public notice the Catholic Church's procedures for declaring a person to be a saint.
		If it is an historical cause (someone who died outside living memory) it must go to Rome, but if it is a recent cause, where people still remember the deceased person, much of the initial evaluation is done at a diocesan level.
		The final stage is canonization, an infallible decision by which the Pope decrees that the person is a saint, to be venerated by the whole Church.
	www.cwnews.com /news/viewstory.cfm?recnum=6937 (1128 words)

	Papal Consistory
		In the first permission is asked that the ordinary process of beatification or canonization may be introduced, or continued, or brought to completion.
		To this consistory the bishops residing within one hundred miles of Rome are summoned, while invitations are sent to all the other bishops of Italy; moreover, titular patriarchs and archbishops and bishops who live in Rome, as well as bishops who happen to be sojourning there at the time, are likewise present.
		With regard to the time for holding the consistories, the old practice of assembling them at fixed intervals has passed out of use and today they meet, as occasion demands, at the pope's wish.
	www.catholicity.com /encyclopedia/c/consistory,papal.html (1654 words)

	>>> AsiaNews.it <<< Vatican Permits Canonization Cause Of 'Martyr Of Sweat' To Proceed
		SEOUL (Ucan) -- The process for beatification of the second Korean priest, known as the "Martyr of Sweat," is expected to move forward after a recent Vatican clearance, a Church official says.
		Nonetheless, he admitted the beatification requirement of a verified miracle through the candidate's intercession could prove "quite difficult." Following beatification, a second miracle is required for a blessed to be declared a saint.
		In June 2003 the Korean commission for beatification and canonization appealed to the Vatican to promote the cause of another 124 martyrs and the congregation responded with a nihil obstat.
	www.asianews.it /view_p.php?l=en&art=609 (578 words)

	HCFM : CAUSE FOR SAINTHOOD : Stages of Canonization
		The cause was transferred from the Archdiocese of Los Angeles (his place of death) to the Diocese of Fall River (the place of his burial).
		The Cause for Canonization was opened in the Diocese of Fall River in June of 2001.
		The Historical Commission is appointed to collect and examine all the documents of the candidate.
	www.familyrosary.org /main/cause-stages.php (332 words)

	The process of canonization (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		Beatification and canonization are the official process that the Catholic Church uses to recognize men and women who have lived lives of outstanding holiness.
		Blessed José Anchieta SJ Father César Augusto dos Santos SJ "My task is to make Anchieta known as a friend of people and of God, and as a man of virtue to be followed by all," he says from his office near Paulista Avenue, in the heart of São Paulo's financial district.
		In both cases, though, it is important that the Holy See is provided with the evidence of a fact proving the "fame of sanctity" of the candidate.
	www.sjweb.info /history/process.cfm (794 words)

	Becoming a Saint: Interesting Thing of the Day
		So the process was officially codified for the first time, with the pope assuming sole authority to proclaim someone a saint.
		In 1983, Pope John Paul II simplified the process of canonization tremendously—and eliminated the position of “devil’s advocate.” Now, in general, beatification requires an unblemished biography—with ample indication of the individual’s devotion to the Church—plus one posthumous miracle.
		Although the process is not even supposed to begin until at least five years after a person’s death, the pope can waive that requirement at his discretion, as he did with Mother Teresa.
	itotd.com /articles/493/becoming-a-saint (1487 words)

	Diocese Seeks Canonization of Seminarian Who Died in 1920
		If the quest for canonization is approved, the Church of Rome would declare Frank Parater a “saint” after a long process of the study of his life as a witness to Christ.
		The process of canonization is preceded by the process of beatification in which the Vatican’s Congregation for the Cause of Saints declares that there has been an authentic miracle by which an individual has been healed after intercession to God through one who had died and is presumed to be in heaven.
		A historical commission, under the tribunal, will be organized to study the life of Frank Parater “from the point of view of history,” he added.
	www.richmonddiocese.org /parater/cannonization.htm (844 words)

	Papal decree proclaims Sister Josaphata "venerable" (05/03/98) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-03)
		The process of beatification-canonization of the Servant of God was officially opened in the Eparchy of Peremyshl in March 1992, and completed in September 1993.
		The process was then transferred to the Congregation for the Causes of Saints in Rome, where it was studied by various canonical, historical and theological commissions and by the cardinals.
		For beatification, it is necessary that a medical commission approve a miraculous cure that happened in 1986 through the intercession of Sister Josaphata.
	www.ukrweekly.com /Archive/1998/189810.shtml (254 words)

	Ask a Catholic: How do people become saints?
		Canonization is the final step that declares someone a saint.
		First, however, in the case of a candidate who is not a martyr, the church looks for another authentic miracle attributed to the candidate's intercession, as a sign from God of the candidate's heroic holiness.
		If there is any trend in the process of canonization it is the search for more "lay" saints: mothers and fathers, men and women who were active in the world of family, business and politics and showed themselves to be holy in a secular world.
	www.cptryon.org /ask/ask/beat.html (756 words)

	March, 16th to 23rd - Church News
		The historic Mass was celebrated on the 26th of April of 1500.
		Vatican City, 19 (NE) During a ceremony at the Lateran Palace, the closing session for the diocesan process of canonization of Pope Paul VI was held yesterday presided by Cardinal Camillo Ruini, Holy Father's Vicar for the diocese of Rome.
		These were the words of Father Peter Gumpel, relator of the cause of beatification of Pope Pius XII, after having examined the voluminous amount of materials regarding the process of beatification of the Pope.
	www.eclesiales.org /english/archive/9903-3.htm (7304 words)

	eBalita - a FREE service that provides you the latest news from the Philippines through the Web and E-mail
		Manila Archbishop Jaime Cardinal Sin and Manila Auxiliary Bishop Socrates Villegas celebrated the Mass in honor of the formal process of beatification and canonization for Mother Joaquina Mercedes Consuelo Barcelo at the San Agustin Church in Intramuros, Manila.
		Barcelo was born and raised in Barcelona, Spain and joined the Beaterio de Matelatas de San Agustin in Spain and, at the age of 26, left her homeland for Manila on Oct. 6, 1883.
		Beatification is not only a reason to see one of us raised to the altar, but we want to contribute to the holiness of the Church, another model, another hero of sanctity."
	www.ebalita.net /go/news/news.php?id=445 (454 words)

	Totus Tuus
		The case of the French religious is the object of study by the postulator of the cause of John Paul II's beatification.
		Totus Tuus is a monthly publication, promoted by the Postulation of the Vicariate of Rome, set up to document, analyze and report on the process of the cause of beatification and canonization of John Paul II, whose postulator is Monsignor Slawomir Oder, a Polish priest.
		The results of this process will be sent to the tribunal of the Diocese of Rome, in charge of the process of the cause of beatification.
	stjamescatholic.typepad.com /totus_tuus (6553 words)

	Why John Paul II Proclaimed so Many Saints
		First of all he must create a commission, a tribunal and collect all the documents relative to the person candidate to the cause of beatification, canonization, heroic virtues, martyrdom if it is a martyr, a miracle if there is an alleged miracle.
		For example, there is the historical consultation if it is about a historical cause, that is, old, of which there are no living witnesses.
		He speaks with him, discusses the different phases of the process; and he approves or does not approve, does or does not decide to beatify this person.
	www.ewtn.com /library/MARY/zmanysaints.HTM (1269 words)

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