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Topic: History of Benin

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	History of Benin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Note: The historical empire that was governed from the 14th Century until 1897 by the Oba of Benin, from a seat of power sited at Benin City in present-day Nigeria, is easily confused with the modern nation of Benin, formerly the French colony of Dahomey, Nigeria's neighbor to the west.
		During the 13th century, the indigenous Edo people of the west Niger area were run by a group of local chieftains, but by the 15th century a single ruler known as the 'oba' had asserted control.
		The name of the country was changed to Benin in 1975.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Benin (565 words)

	Benin - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Republic of Benin is a country in West Africa, formerly known as Dahomey or Dahomania.
		It has a small coast line with the Bight of Benin in the south, borders Togo in the west, Nigeria in the east, and Burkina Faso and Niger in the north.
		It is believed that Vodun (or "Voodoo", as it is commonly known) originated in Benin and was introduced to Brazil, the Caribbean Islands, and parts of North America by slaves taken from this particular area of the Slave Coast.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Benin (1448 words)

	Benin History & Benin Culture \| iExplore.com
		Benin was the seat of one of the great medieval African kingdoms.
		Benin was thus the first country in the 1990s to effect successfully the transition from dictatorship to a pluralistic political system.
		Benin’s economy is principally agricultural – it is self-sufficient in basic foodstuffs, the main export commodities being cotton, peanuts, coffee and palm oil.
	www.africa.com /dmap/Benin/History (767 words)

	History of Benin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Europeans began arriving in the area in the 18th century, as the kingdom of Dahomey was expanding its territory.
		Benin was thus the first African country to effect successfully the transition from dictatorship to a pluralistic political system.
		Nicephore Soglo's Renaisance du Benin (RB) party won the new vote, paving the way for the former president to be elected Mayor of Cotonou by the new city council in February 2002.
	www.historyofnations.net /africa/benin.html (580 words)

	History (from Benin) -- Britannica Student Encyclopedia
		The republic of Benin is on the southern coast of West Africa, on the Gulf of Guinea.
		Monetary unit: CFA franc, with (from Jan. 12, 1994) a par value of CFAF 100 to the French franc and (as of Oct. 7, 1994) a free rate of CFAF 526.67 to U.S. The republic of Benin is on the southern coast of West Africa, on the Gulf of Guinea.
		History is a science—a branch of knowledge that uses specific methods and tools to achieve its goals.
	www.britannica.com /ebi/article-129467 (867 words)

	History of Benin
		See also the history of Africa and history of present-day nations and states.
		Benin was the seat of one of the great medieval African kingdoms called Dahomey.
		During the 13th century, the indigenous Edo people were run by a group of local chieftains, but by the 15th century a single ruler known as the 'oba' had asserted control.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/da/Dahomey.html (252 words)

	Travel Guide to Benin - Africa
		Benin is situated in West Africa on the northern coast of the Gulf of Guinea.
		Benin's northern rivers, the Mekrou, Alibory and Sota, which are tributaries of the Niger, and the Pandjari, a tributary of the Volta, are torrential and broken by rocks.
		North of the narrow belt of coastal sand is a region of lateritic clay, the main oil palm area, intersected by a marshy depression between Allada and Abomey that stretches east to the Nigerian frontier.
	www.africaguide.com /country/benin (301 words)

	Benin (03/06)
		Benin, a narrow, north-south strip of land in West Africa, lies between the Equator and the Tropic of Cancer.
		Benin is bounded by Togo to the west, Burkina Faso and Niger to the north, Nigeria to the east, and the Bight of Benin to the south.
		Benin is dependent on imported electricity, mostly from Ghana, which currently accounts for a significant proportion of the country's imports.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/6761.htm (3514 words)

	Ogiso Times and Eweka Times: A Preliminary History of the Edoid Complex of Cultures
		Here, in the Benin case, we have an example of one of the most successful instances of achievements, by the House of Eweka, that were built from the history and culture of the previous dynasty of the House of Ogiso.
		Apparently, from the outcome of history, Benin took the calculated decision not to involve itself in the slave trade in the manner of other states and not to encourage slave raids such as those for which the Aro were notorious in the Igbo hinterland in eastern Niger Delta.
		History of the British Empire was severe on enemies of British imperialism, whether they be Americans victorious from their revolt against the British in 1776 or the Benin in West Africa defeated by the British in a vicious campaign of 1897.
	www.waado.org /UrhoboHistory/Addresses_Lectures/Ogiso-Oba.htm (9515 words)

	Civilizations in Africa: The Forest Kingdoms
		Benin in southern Nigeria was an area occupied by a people speaking Edo, and in their account of history, the Edo say that they have occupied this area for several thousand years.
		In its early forms, Benin sculpture is primarily historical, recounting important events, such as the arrival of the Portugese, in magnificently detailed brass plaques and statuary.
		Benin art became one of the most influential art traditions in west Africa, spreading throughout the cultures west and north of the Niger River.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/CIVAFRCA/FOREST.HTM (1036 words)

	Benin: history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Benin (known as Dahomey until 1975) is among the poorest countries in the world.
		The 100 per cent devaluation of the CFA franc decreed by France in January 1994 provoked contradictory effects in Benin's economy.
		In July 2000, Benin qualified for the Broad Initiative for Heavily Indebted Poor Countries with a $460 million reduction in its foreign debt.
	gbgm-umc.org /country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=215 (1432 words)

	Benin History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		For over six hundred years the city of Benin was the capital of a prosperous, well-organized empire of the same name.
		At its peak during the 14th and 15th centuries, the empire stretched from Dahomey to the Niger River and reached as far south as the coast.
		The palace in Benin was the height of a complex feudal society characterized by widespread competition for power, prestige and wealth.
	tps.dpi.state.nc.us /connectafrica/benin/history.html (508 words)

	Untitled Document
		The first was the movement of the Yoruba people from Nigeria; second was the movement of the Ashanti people from Ghana; and the third, and most significant for the history of Benin, was the movement of the "Alladahanou" people from Tado, in the south-east of what is now Togo.
		In 1990, the country's name was again changed, this time from the People's Republic of Benin to the Republic of Benin, and a new constitution was adopted.
		Benin was able to pay off some debts and build hospitals and roads.
	www.benintourism.com /ang/country_info/dth.history.htm (1259 words)

	Benin - ENCYCLOPEDIA - The History Channel UK (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In NW Benin is a region of forested mountains (the Atacora; highest point c.2,150 ft/655 m), from which the Mekrou and Pendjari rivers flow NE to the Niger River (which forms part of the country's northern border).
		Benin's population is concentrated in the southern portion of the country and in rural areas.
		Benin's economy is overwhelmingly agricultural, with most workers engaged in subsistence farming.
	www.thehistorychannel.co.uk /site/search/search.php?word=BeninAf (1508 words)

	Facts About the Republic of Benin: Official Document
		Benin is located in West Africa and covers a land area Of 112,622 Sq.
		The Southern portion of the Republic of Benin, i.e.
		Benin is the natural gateway to Togo and Nigeria and to such landlocked countries as Burkina Faso, Niger and Mali.
	www.africa.upenn.edu /Country_Specific/benin_EDoc.html (2130 words)

	Benin Bibliography
		[X] Becroft, C. "On Benin and the Upper Course of the river Quorra, or Niger, and Account of a Visit to the Capital of Benin in the Delta of the Kwárá or Niger, in the year 1838." Journal of the Royal Geographical Society 11: 184-192.
		The art of Benin; a catalogue of an exhibition of the A.W.F. Fuller and Chicago Natural History Museum collections of antiquities from Benin, Nigeria.
		[N] Eboreime, J. "Coronation as drama: the installation of a Benin monarch as a study in the continuity of kingship: the transformation of tradition and the manufacture of ethnic identity." Cambridge anthropology 10(2): 41-53.
	webits3.appstate.edu /Eli/Africa/benin_bibliography.htm (4940 words)

	benin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Five 15-minute programmes that bring to life the history and culture of Benin (in SW Nigeria) through the lives of an ordinary family, including historical reconstructions, drama, music and beautifully illustrated storytelling.
		The Kingdom of Benin shows the history of Benin through brass and ivory carvings and photographs of traditional ceremonies and modern life.
		The Kingdom of Benin Timeline draws parallels between Benin history and Tudor and Stuart Britain.
	www.ibt.org.uk /3Education/benin1.html (357 words)

	A short history of Benin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		In present-day Benin exists in the fifteenth century the Fong Kingdom of Allada.
		Benin is restyled into the Republic of Benin in 1990 and becomes a presidential parliamentary democracy.
		Soglo's party, the Parti de la Rénaissance du Bénin (Benin Renaissance Party, PRB) and its allies, become in 1995 the largest bloc, but lack an overall majority.
	www.electionworld.org /history/benin.htm (413 words)

	BENIN
		Rainfall is not as abundant as in areas with the same latitude—a deviance known as the Benin variant.
		The Southern portion of the Republic of Benin (the Coastal zone), is characterized by a long dry season from November to the end of March, a rainy season from April to July, a small dry period in August, and a second rainy season in September and October.
		Persons contemplating business deals in Benin with individuals promoting investment in Nigeria, especially the Central Bank of Nigeria or the Nigerian National Petroleum Company, are strongly urged to check with the U.S. Department of Commerce or the U.S. Department of State before providing any information or making financial commitments.
	www.nlgsolutions.com /packages/show_country.asp?countryid=BJ (1486 words)

	Benin Kingdom People (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The Benin Kingdom situated in southcentral Nigeria dates to approximately 900 A.D. The first, or Ogiso, dynasty lasted until 1170, at which time Yoruba rule was imposed from the city of Ife.
		Terracotta heads in collections have been dated to the late 15th or 16th century and were used by the Ogiso rulers on altars to their paternal ancestors.
		Benin art became well known to the West in 1897, after the British Punitive Expedition sacked the city of Benin and brought thousands of objects back to Europe as war booty.
	www.uiowa.edu /~africart/toc/people/Benin_Kingdom.html (171 words)

	SIM Country Profile: Benin
		Welcome to the Republic of Benin, a nation with a rich heritage of art, culture and politics, for it was once the seat of the powerful Dahomey kingdom.
		Benin is the least evangelized non-Muslim country in Africa south of the Sahara Desert.
		Benin was settled through a series of migrations over the past 2,000 years.
	www.sim.org /country.asp?CID=12&fun=1 (787 words)

	The Story of Africa\| BBC World Service
		The first king, or Oba, of Benin is traditionally supposed to be a descendant of Oduduwa, the founder of Ife.
		The most distinctive examples of Benin craftsmanship are the bronze plaques, which adorned the palace walls.
		The capital of Benin (not to be confused with the modern state of Benin, formerly Dahomey) was south west of Ife.
	www.bbc.co.uk /worldservice/africa/features/storyofafrica/4chapter7.shtml (725 words)

	Independence - History - Benin (formerly Dahomey) - Africa
		Benin’s political history since independence has been checkered.
		In November 1975 the country was renamed Benin.
		Kerekou, who renounced his autocratic, Marxist-Leninist past, further liberalized Benin’s economy and secured economic assistance from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN).
	www.countriesquest.com /africa/benin_formerly_dahomey/history/independence.htm (279 words)

	Click Afrique: Magazine: History: Africa's Ancient Empires - The Benin Kingdom (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		By contrast the political structures of the coastal regions consisted primarily of City-States and loose confederacies, one of the few exceptions to this rule was the Benin Kingdom.
		Located almost wholly with within what is now Nigeria, the Benin Kingdom at its zenith stretched from Lagos in the west, along the coast of Nigeria to the River Niger in the east and area that equates to about a fifth of Nigeria's current geographic area.
		The Benin Kingdom dynasty is believed to have been founded in the 13th century and has a direct lineage from the founders to the current Oba (King) of Benin - Solomon Erediauwa II, who still holds considerable political, albeit unofficial, influence in the Edo and Delta states of Modern Nigeria.
	www.clickafrique.com /0101rpt/history_benin.asp (390 words)

	Benin on the Internet
		On the author's immigration to France from Benin for university education, African communal life vs. the West's individualism, the importance of oral transmission of culture and education.
		Benin's Embassy in Washington, D.C. Benin facts, History, Government and Politics, Business and Economy, People and Culture, Geography, Tourism, The Ambassador, Transportation and Communication.
		Includes a history of kingdoms and kings in Dahomey (Benin), their geneaology, the museum collections, architecture, a bibliography, a page on the Amazons (women warriors), the creation and history of the famous appliques cloth, a children's section (includes Fon stories, songs, proverbs).
	www-sul.stanford.edu /depts/ssrg/africa/benin.html (2379 words)

	OGISO TIMES AND EWEKA TIMES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		If there was one stable source of opposition to the ways of the Action Group from Midwestern Nigeria in the 1950s, it was led from the much beloved and tough-minded Akenzua II, the Oba of Benin during the decade of campaign for Nigeria's independence from British rule.
		Whatever doubts there might be regarding the centuries in which the House of Ogiso ruled, the record is much clearer in the second dynasty of the Obas from the House of Eweka who succeeded the Ogisos, following an interregnum that the nobleman Evian presided over, in the 12th century.
		By the time these words of Benin and Edo, by which the culture is now known, were introduced in the 14th and 15th centuries, the Urhobo had left these lands.
	www.nigerdeltacongress.com /oarticles/ogiso_times_and_eweka_times.htm (9509 words)

	The culture history of Benin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Hartford Web Publishing is not the author of the documents in World History Archives and does not presume to validate their accuracy or authenticity nor to release their copyright.
		While Marxist-Leninist politicians reject Voudon religion, to gain votes Catholic politicians embrace it.
		Pope reported to have said that Catholicism compatible with native religions.
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/34/index-kf.html (61 words)

	WHKMLA : History of Benin, ToC
		Benin Page, from African Studies at UPenn; from Africa South of the Sahara at Stanford
		Chronology of Catholic Dioceses : Benin, from Kirken i Norge
		History of Benin, from Bensenville Community Public Library
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/westafrica/xbenin.html (210 words)

	Benin, country, Africa: History
		During the period 1895–98 the French added the northern part of present-day Benin, and in 1904 the whole colony was made part of
		In 2005 Kérékou announced that he would retire in 2006 at the end of his term, and would not seek to amended the constitution to stay in power.
		Benin's ex-dictator returns by ballot box: Kerekou says he'll stay on reform path.(World)(Briefing/Africa)
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/world/A0856906.html (1017 words)

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