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| | Class & Colour in South Africa 1850-1950 - Ch.1 |
 | | The Cape Patriots, as they called themselves after a party of that name in Holland, petitioned the company directors in Amsterdam for a written constitution, seats for burghers on the administrative council and high court, freedom to trade, and the right to flog their slaves without official restraint. |
 | | Their seizure of the Cape in 1806 led ultimately to the emancipation of slaves, the subjugation of the Africans, and a cultural dualism among the whites that developed into rival nationalisms. |
 | | British and colonial troops made war on the Hlubi in 1873, the Gcaleka and Pedi in 1877, the Ngqika, Thembu, Pondo, Griqua and Rolong in 1878, the Zulu in 1879, the Sotho in 1880, the Ndebele in 1893, and the Afrikaner republics in 1899. |
| www.anc.org.za /books/ccsa01.html (7614 words) |
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