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Topic: History of Guatemala

	The Virtual Jewish History Tour - Guatemala
		Documents in the archives of the Mexican Inquisition attest to the presence of Marranos in Guatemala during the colonial period.
		Guatemala was not favorably disposed to Jewish immigration, and it attempted to limit their arrival.
		Guatemala was also the first country to open an embassy in Jerusalem, under the same Garcia Cranados.
	www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org /jsource/vjw/Guatemala.html (486 words)

	A short history of Guatemala
		The Maya civilization flourishes throughout much of Guatemala and the surrounding region long before the Spanish arrive, but it was already in decline when the Mayans are defeated by Pedro de Alvarado in 1523-24.
		Guatemala is ruled by a small landowning oligarchy, ruled until his death in 1865 by Carrera.
		Guatemala is called the "banana republic." The rule of the PL continues with José María Orellana Pinto (1921-1926) and Lázaro Chacón González (1926-1931).
	www.electionworld.org /history/guatemala.htm (928 words)

	History of GUATEMALA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		The long narrow strip of central America, known in its entirety to the Spanish as Guatemala, is among the earliest of colonial conquests on the mainland.
		The result is Guatemala's first democratic constitution and a presidential election which is won, with 85% of the vote, by a university lecturer, Juan José Arévalo.
		Under a bewildering succession of rulers, most of them military, Guatemala is subject to the terrifying activities of mysterious death squads - apparently linked to the military and police, and with leftist opponents of the regime as their main victims.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=ac12 (1309 words)

	Guatemala Culture Page (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Guatemala is the most western of the Central American states, bounded on the west and north by Mexico, on the east by Belize and the Gulf of Honduras, on the southeast by Honduras and El Salvador, and on the south by the Pacific Ocean.
		Spanish is the official language of Guatemala and the primary language of 60 percent of the population.
		Guatemala City is home to many of the nation’s libraries and museums, including the National Archives, the National Library, and the Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, which has an excellent collection of Maya artifacts.
	www.geocities.com.cob-web.org:8888 /blancaveliz/GuatCulture.htm (2943 words)

	History of Guatemala
		Since 1986 Guatemala has been governed by civil presidents, but it wasn't until 1993, when the human rights representative of the government, Ramiro de León Carpio, was called into office as new president, that hope arose on a process of establishing a real democracy.
		The capital "Guatemala de la Asunción", as it is today, was not named until 1776 after a severe earthquake which destroyed much of the previous capital, the city which is now Antigua Guatemala.
		Guatemala's flag and the emblem of liberty in 1821.
	guatemalahist.com (2471 words)

	Political and Economic History of Guatemala
		Guatemala is a political entity unfortunately composed of two disparate cultural entities.
		In its prime the Mayan civilization was able to construct and maintain an elaborate system of drainage canals that enabled the Mayans to produce enough produce not only to sustain themselves but to allow some members of their society to specialize in arts and science.
		The capital built by the Spanish, Antigua Guatemala, was destroyed by an earthquake in 1773 and a new capital was built at Guatemala City.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/guatemala.htm (929 words)

	History of Guatemala
		The Mayan civilization flourished throughout much of Guatemala and the surrounding region long before the Spanish arrived, but it was already in decline when the Mayans were defeated by Pedro de Alvarado in 1523-24.
		Guatemala gained independence from Spain on September 15, 1821; it briefly became part of the Mexican Empire, and then for a period belonged to a federation called the United Provinces of Central America.
		These problems, in addition to issues related to the often violent harassment and intimidation by unknown assailants of human rights activists, judicial workers, journalists, and witnesses in human rights trials, led the government to begin serious attempts in 2001 to open a national dialogue to discuss the considerable challenges facing the country.
	infotut.com /geography/Guatemala (3243 words)

	History of Guatemala (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Mejia justified his coup, saying that "religious fanatics" were abusing their positions in the government and also because of "official corruption." Seven people were killed in the coup, although Rios Montt survived to found a political party (the Guatemalan Republic Front) and to be elected President of Congress in 1995 and 2000.
		Awareness in the United States of the conflict in Guatemala, and its ethnic dimension, increased with the 1983 publication of I, Rigoberta Menchu, An Indian Woman in Guatemala.
		Guatemala held presidential, legislative, and municipal elections on November 7, 1999, and a runoff presidential election on December 26.
	www.historyofnations.net /northamerica/guatemala.html (2470 words)

	Guatemala - HighBeam Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Guatemala's current constitution was adopted in 1985 and revised in 1994.
		Guatemala was first a part of the Mexican Empire of Agustín de Iturbide and then became a nucleus of the Central American Federation.
		Guatemalan interference in the affairs of other Central American republics during the 19th and early 20th cent., under the conservative dictatorships of Rafael Carrera and Manuel Estrada Cabrera and under the liberal, Justo Ruffino Barrios, caused intense hostility and finally led to the Washington Conference of 1907, which established the Central American Court of Justice.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-guatemal.html (1615 words)

	Guatemala History
		Heart of the Mayan empire, the region that would become Guatemala, was taken by the Spanish in 1524.
		Guatemala also became the center of the United Provinces of Central America after 1821, when Spanish rule was overthrown.
		Communist support became evident in the 1945 elections and Jacobo Arbenz was deposed in 1954 in a US-supported military coup.
	www.nationbynation.com /Guatemala/History1.html (171 words)

	Guatemala History & Guatemala Culture \| iExplore.com
		Europeans arrived in the 15th century, and Guatemala was one of the territories overrun by the Spanish conquistador Cortés in the 17th century.
		Guatemala enjoyed comparative stability, punctuated by brief periods of upheaval, under a series of dictators who were content to keep the country under a quasi-feudal regime underpinned by a small clique of land-owning families.
		Although Guatemala has received solid support from the USA and international institutions such as the Inter-American Development Bank and the IMF, its economic development in the last 25 years has been undermined by chronic internal conflict, exacerbated by several major natural disasters and low prices for Guatemala’s main export commodities.
	www.iexplore.com /dmap/Guatemala/History (734 words)

	Guatemala History
		The fishing and farming villages which emerged on Guatemala's Pacific coast as early as 2000 BC were the forerunners of the great Maya civilization which dominated Central America for centuries, leaving its enigmatic legacy of hilltop ruins.
		When Pedro de Alvarado came to conquer Guatemala for the king of Spain in 1523, he found the faded remnants of the Maya civilization and an assortment of warring tribes.
		Guatemala swore in a new government January 14, 2000, under its recently elected right-wing president, Alfonso Portillo.
	www.donquijote.org /tourist/profiles/paises/guatemala/history.asp (749 words)

	History of Guatemala (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab1.cs.virginia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Most of Guatemala's population is rural, though urbanization is accelerating.
		Arzu won because of his strength in Guatemala City, where he had previously served as mayor, and in the surrounding urban area.
		The biggest surprise of the election was the strong showing of the newly formed New Guatemala Democratic Front (FDNG), the first legitimate party of the left to compete in 40 years.
	www.worldrover.com.cob-web.org:8888 /history/guatemala_history.html (1772 words)

	History of Guatemala - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Maya civilization thrived throughout much of Guatemala and the surrounding region for close to 2000 years before the Spanish arrived in the early 16th century.
		On November 9, 2003, Óscar Berger, the ex-mayor of Guatemala city, won the presidential election with 38.8% of the vote.
		History of Guatemala - A general overview to the history of Guatemala.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Guatemala (3640 words)

	History of Guatemala
		The Maya civilization flourished throughout much of Guatemala and the surrounding region for close to 2000 years before the Spanish arrived in the early 16th century.
		Guatemala gained independence from Spain on September 15, 1821; it briefly became part of the Mexican Empire and then for a period belonged to a federation called the United Provinces of Central America, until the federation broke up in civil war in 1838–1840 (''See:'' History of Central America).
		Awareness in the United States of the conflict in Guatemala, and its ethnic dimension, increased with the 1983 publication of the autobiographical account I, Rigoberta Menchú, An Indian Woman in Guatemala; Rigoberta Menchú was later awarded the 1992 Nobel Peace Prize for her work in favor of broader social justice.
	history-of-guatemala.kiwiki.homeip.net (2951 words)

	Antigua Guatemala - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Antigua Guatemala (commonly referred to as just Antigua or La Antigua) is a city in the central mountains of Guatemala famous for its well-preserved Spanish New World Baroque architecture as well as a number of spectacular ruined churches.
		Antigua Guatemala serves as the municipal seat for the surrounding municipality of the same name.
		Shortly after the Spanish conquest of Guatemala, the first capital was on a site part way up this mountain, which was destroyed by a flood and mudslide when an earthquake let loose the water from the crater, and the city of Guatemala was moved down the valley to the current Antigua.
	www.arikah.net /encyclopedia/Antigua_Guatemala (632 words)

	Guatemala History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		In ancient Guatemala, the great Maya civilization lived in the fishing and farming villages of Guatemala's Pacific coast, as early as 2000 BC.
		Guatemala lived more than 30 years of internal war between the guerrilla and the government.
		Guatemala is a country that still fights for equal rights between Mayan people and ladinos.
	www.geocities.com /guatemalatour/history.html (284 words)

	Guatemala (09/06)
		Guatemala's social development indicators, such as infant mortality and illiteracy, are among the worst in the hemisphere.
		Guatemala is a signatory to the Rio Pact and is a member of the Central American Defense Council (CONDECA).
		Guatemala has a long-standing claim to a large portion of Belize; the territorial dispute caused problems with the United Kingdom and later with Belize following its 1981 independence from the U.K. In December 1989, Guatemala sponsored Belize for permanent observer status in the Organization of American States (OAS).
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2045.htm (4806 words)

	GayGuatemala.com - Short history of Gay Guatemala
		Guatemala A republic in Central America with the third largest area in the region, Guatemala is, after Mexico, the largest of the Central American countries in population, with about 11.5 million people.
		It was decriminalized in the nineteenth century, but it was not until the 1960s and 1980s that more open-minded attitudes toward homosexuality began to appear within Guatemalan society as a whole.
		The most significant of these was the Colectivo Gay de Guatemala that in October 2000 changed its name to Guatemalan Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transsexual and Transgender Community.
	www.gayguatemala.com /en/shorthistory.htm (668 words)

	history.html
		The Mayans of Guatemala and the surrounding regions had one of the most advanced civilizations of the ancient world.
		Today the socio-economic structure in Guatemala is reminiscent of the old South Africa, with the Mayans constituting the majority of the population--some 80%--yet subjected to extreme racial discrimination and repression.
		A study of their history shows that in every generation since the invasion of the Spaniards, the Mayans have risen up in rebellion, armed only with rocks and machetes.
	www.globalexchange.org /campaigns/guatemala/history.html (1614 words)

	Guatemala (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Guatemala is a country of approximately 108,430 square kilometers, slightly smaller han the U.S. state of Tennessee, located in Central America.
		To accomplish this end, pilots of the United States Airforce bombed Guatemala City from June 18th until Arbenz' resignation on June 27th and then the CIA installed a member of the military, Carlos Castillo Armas, in the presidential palace.
		The military government of Guatemala called itself a democracy and held elections every four years and after the elections would promptly declare its candidate the winner.
	www.spanish.sbc.edu /MMGuatemala/Home.html (354 words)

	Guatemala
		Coffee is grown mainly on the Pacific slope and in the department of Alta Verapaz.
		The remaining 15% are employed by industry with Guatemala City being the industrial and commercial center of the country.
		Guatemala suffers from the regional legacy of the "banana republic": the inequitable distribution of land and wealth, uneven development, and the dependence on a few export crops for its economy mainstay.
	www.questconnect.org /ca_guatemala.htm (857 words)

	Guatemala Adoption Blog - Guatemala - A History
		For those in the United States, there rarely is a history lesson that touches on the history of Guatemala except to mention the Spanish Conquistadors invasion of Central America in the 1500’s.
		Our youth director was from Guatemala City and our youth group took a trip to work with his church in a remote town called Palencia.
		A majority of the population of Guatemala is of Mayan descent.
	guatemala.adoptionblogs.com /weblogs/guatemala-a-history (1004 words)

	Learn Spanish in Guatemala. History of Guatemala (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		Built on the legendary pre-Hispanic city of Kaminaljuyú, Guatemala is the largest capitol in Central America.
		Founded in 1776 as Guatemala de Asunción, the city is a blend of baroque-style colonial and 19th century neoclassical buildings such as the Cathedral, La Merced, Santo Domingo, Cerrito del Carmen, San Capuchinas churches, the strange Yurrita chapel and the outstanding National Palace.
		History of Guatemala don Quijote Guatemala spanish language schools.
	www.spanishinlatinamerica.com /guatemala.history.asp (240 words)

	Guatemala: history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-10)
		German settlers in Guatemala developed ties with German companies and initiated an import-export business which damaged the interests of the incipient national bourgeoisie.
		A plebiscite was scheduled for January 30 1994, for nationâs voters to decide on reforms to public administration and in the constitution.
		In early 2000, Guatemala lodged a claim for nearly half the territory of the neighboring Belize.
	gbgm-umc.org /country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=40 (3132 words)

	Consortiumnews.com
		Back in Guatemala, Ramirez Cervantes was put in charge of plotting raids on suspected subversives as well as their interrogations.
		The history of the Retalhuleu death camp was uncovered by accident in the early 1990s when a Guatemalan officer wanted to let soldiers cultivate their own vegetables on a corner of the base.
		Guatemala, of course, was not the only Central American country where Reagan and his administration supported brutal counterinsurgency operations and then sought to cover up the bloody facts.
	www.consortiumnews.com /2005/011005.html (3422 words)

	Colonial History of Guatemala
		The Colonial History of Guatemala begins with the arrival of the conquistador Pedro de Alvarado in 1524 and ends with the Guatemala's declaration of independence in 1821.
		While Guatemala was part of the Viceroyalty of Mexico, it functioned separately as a Captain General and included what is now Chiapas, part of Yucatan, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua and Costa Rica.
		It was the cultural, economic, religious, political and educational center for the entire region until the capital was moved to present day Guatemala City after the damaging earthquakes of 1773.
	www.enjoyguatemala.com /colonial.htm (316 words)

	Guatemala Recent History: Truth Commission
		It is only with the 1999 release of the final report by the Commission for Historical Clarification established by the UN in 1994 that we begin to understand the horror of Guatemala’s history and the violence against its mostly indigenous population.
		There are tensions and problems and resentments still remaining on all sides and Guatemala still has a long way to go before its people can come to grips with their ethnic differences and prejudices and jealousies borne of ignorance and 45 years of propaganda and politics of fear.
		That is the function of the courts of law but rather to clarify the history of the events of more than three decades of fratricidal war.
	www.jpsviewfinder.com /travel/country/guatemala/truth.htm (1779 words)

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