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Topic: History of Libya

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	History of Libya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		When Libya declared its independence on December 24, 1951, it was the first country to achieve independence through the United Nations and one of the first former European possessions in Africa to gain independence.
		Libya was proclaimed a constitutional and a hereditary monarchy and Idris was proclaimed king.
		In 1999, Libya fulfilled one of the UNSCR requirements by surrendering two Libyans suspected in connection with the bombing for trial before a Scottish court in the Netherlands.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Libya (3674 words)

	Libya - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Libya remained part of their empire, although at times virtually autonomous, until Italy invaded in 1911 and, in the face of years of resistance, made Libya a colony.
		It is bound to the west by Tunisia and Algeria, the southwest by Niger, the south by Chad and Sudan and to the east by Egypt.
		Libya faces a long road ahead in liberalizing the socialist-oriented economy, but initial steps — including applying for WTO membership, reducing some subsidies, and announcing plans for privatization — are laying the groundwork for a transition to a more market-based economy.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Libya (2900 words)

	LIBYA,
		The population of Libya (1984 census) was 3,637,488.
		Libya was not a participant in the 1967 Arab war with Israel, but it strongly supported its Arab League neighbors in opposition to Israel after the war and gave financial aid to Jordan and the United Arab Republic, as Egypt was then called, to rebuild their economies.
		Libya agreed in 2003 to renounce terrorism and negotiate a final settlement in compensation cases involving the families of the Lockerbie and UTA bombing victims; the UN lifted sanctions in September.
	www.history.com /encyclopedia.do?articleId=214763 (3092 words)

	Libya HISTORY
		Western Libya was administered by the Aghlabids of Tunisia in the 9th century, and by the Fatimids of Tunisia and then Egypt in the 10th.
		Libya sent over 10,000 troops into Chad in 1980 in support of the regime of Goukouni Oueddei, and a union of the two nations was proposed.
		Libya's and Oueddei's forces were in control of much of northern Chad until 1987, when Chadian forces ousted them, capturing or destroying $1 billion in Libyan military equipment, and attacking bases inside Libya itself.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Africa/Libya-HISTORY.html (2100 words)

	History of Libya
		Libya remained part of their empire--although at times virtually autonomous--until Italy invaded in 1911 and, in the face of years of resistance, made Libya a colony.
		When Libya declared its independence on December 24, 1951, it was the first country to achieve independence through the United Nations and one of the first former European posessions in Africa to gain independence.
		Libya was proclaimed a constitutional and a hereditary monarchy under King Idris.
	www.historyofnations.net /africa/libya.html (881 words)

	Libya - MSN Encarta
		Libya has been conquered numerous times throughout its history, first by ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean and later by successive invasions of Arab groups.
		Libya was conquered in ad 455 by the Vandals, the Germanic tribe that sacked Rome, and in the following century by the armies of the Byzantine Empire.
		During the following centuries Libya, or parts thereof, frequently changed hands until it was finally conquered, in the 16th century, by the Ottoman Empire.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761570705_7/Libya.html (702 words)

	Libya (02/07)
		Libya's use--and heavy loss--of Soviet-supplied weaponry in its war with Chad was a notable breach of an apparent Soviet-Libyan understanding not to use the weapons for activities inconsistent with Soviet objectives.
		Libya paid compensation in 1999 for the death of British policewoman Yvonne Fletcher, a move that preceded the reopening of the British Embassy in Tripoli, and paid damages to the families of the victims in the bombing of UTA Flight 772.
		Libya re-established its diplomatic presence in Washington with the opening of an Interest Section on July 8, 2004, which was subsequently upgraded to a Liaison Office in December 2004 and to a full embassy on May 31, 2006.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/5425.htm (4592 words)

	Libya - Home page
		Libya was part of the Ottoman Turks empire from the middle of the 16th century until 1911, this was the Turks last remaining empire along the North African coast, due to the last minute bid for colonies the Italians took it from them.
		Libya is trying to make itself self sufficient in food by developing agriculture, the government are trying to encourage farmers to adopt cooperative methods, dams have been constructed and dry desert is being utilised.
		Libya occupied a section of northern Chad, and when civil war broke out they injected many troops and arms into the country, it was soon after that Libya and Chad told the world of their intention to merge this idea was soon forgotten due to the conflict which engulfed Chad.
	www.africanet.com /africanet/country/libya/home.htm (658 words)

	Libya: history (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The UN demanded that Libya explicitly renounce terrorism, setting April 15 as the deadline and threatening sanctions, a blockade and even military measures should the ultimatum not be met.
		Libya passed the deadline, invoking economic sanctions from the EC and the seven most industrialized countries.
		Libya made the most of the thaw to initiate a diplomatic offensive in the region, offering help as mediator in the conflict in Sudan and reinitiating dialogue with Chad.
	gbgm-umc.org /country_profiles/country_history.cfm?Id=71 (2141 words)

	Libya - Wikinfo
		Qadhafi claims that Libya is a "pure socialist state", and as such the formal institutions of government are purposely quite vague.
		In practice, however, Libya is essentially a dictatorship, with Qadhafi ruling by decree, assisted by a small clique of military and political officials.
		In Greek mythology, Libya was a daughter of Memphis and Epaphus.
	www.wikinfo.org /wiki.php?title=Libya (1567 words)

	History of LIBYA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Libya, situated between these French and British regions, is a part of north Africa in which Italy has been developing extensive commercial interests.
		During the later stages of the war and in the immediate postwar years Tripolitania and Cyrenaica are adminstered by the British, while Fezzan is under the control of the French.
		Libya in the 1990s is a place increasingly isolated by the vagaries of one man (by now one of the world's longest established rulers).
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa83 (1595 words)

	A short history of Libya (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The coast of what is now Libya is settled by Greeks and Phoenicians starting from 1000 BC.
		The Vandals conquer Libya in 431, followed by the East Roman Empire in 533 and the Caliphate in 643.
		The colonies are united by Italy as the colony of Libya in 1934.
	www.electionworld.org /history/libya.htm (312 words)

	About Libya - History
		In the 6th century BC the Phoenician ports of Libya were conquered by Carthage and the 5th century BC saw the rise of the Garamantian Empire in today's Fezzan.
		Northwestern Libya was eventually conquered by Rome in 107 BC and came under the administration of Africa Proconsularis which had its administrative centre around Carthage.
		Hard sanctions from the United Nations were imposed on Libya in April 1992, in retaliation of the country's refusal of extraditing two Libyan citizens charged with the bombing of an airplane in 1988.
	www.chooselibya.com /en/about-libya/history.php (1124 words)

	Libya History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Early on (the 7th and 8th centuries) Islam came to Libya and in the beginning of the 16th century, the Ottomans arrived via their victory over Egypt.
		The Italians claimed Libya in 1911 but the country was unhappy under Italian control, mounting local resistance to the Italians.
		Libya continued to sponsor terror in Europe and, it is widely believed, sponsored the downing of a Pan Am flight in December 1988.
	www.nationbynation.com /Libya/History1.html (352 words)

	Libya History \| wen_02_package.xml
		The Aozou Strip (114,000 sq km/44,000 sq mi) in northern Chad was claimed and had been occupied by Libya since 1973; in a judgment of 3 February 1994, the UN International Court of Justice returned the Aozou strip to Chad.
		Libya's capital city, Tripoli, is located on the Mediterranean coast.
		Libya forms part of the North African plateau extending from the Atlantic Ocean to the Red Sea.
	www.bookrags.com /history/libya-wen-02 (368 words)

	The History of Libya. The 20th centry (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		This monograph is the volume in the "The History of Eastern countries - the 20th century" which is published by the Institute for Oriental Studies of Russian Academy of Science since 1999.
		A.Egorin's point of view the image of Libya in the world in the 20th century is a grotesque distortion of the truth.
		Some knowledge of the country's history and the Libyan people's struggle against foreign domination in the 20th century is an essential prerequisite for any understanding of how Libyans see themselves and the rest of the world.
	www.orientalistica.ru /eng/publish/histlib.htm (532 words)

	Libya Connected \| History Of Libyan Sports (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Malta yesterday made strong representations with Libya over illegal immigration, saying it was "not in a position" to accept more migrants leaving from Libyan shores.
		As the island grapples with one of its worst immigration crises, Foreign Minister Michael Frendo summoned Libya's Ambassador to Malta, Saad El-Shelmani, to an urgent meeting and asked him to "urgently" transmit this message to the authorities in Tripoli.
		Libya announced in December 2003 that it would abandon plans to develop weapons of mass destruction and allow international weapons inspectors into the country.
	www.libyaconnected.com /Sports.html (220 words)

	History of Libya
		In 1949, the UN voted that Libya should become independent, and in 1951 it became the United Kingdom of Libya.
		Libya had hoped its faint-hearted cooperation would lead to suspended sanctions, which had severely affected the Libyan economy.
		In 2004, Libya also agreed to compensate the families of the victims of the UTA airliner bombing ($170 million) and the Berlin disco bombing ($35 million).
	www.angelfire.com /stars5/ksalem/libya3.html (680 words)

	Libya - History
		UNTIL LIBYA ACHIEVED independence in 1951, its history was essentially that of tribes, regions, and cities, and of the empires of which it was a part.
		Hence, despite the long and distinct histories of its regions, modern Libya must be viewed as a new country still developing national consciousness and institutions.
		The most significant milestones in Libya's history were the introduction of Islam and the Arabization of the country in the Middle Ages, and, within the last two generations, national independence, the discovery of petroleum, and the September 1969 revolution that brought Muammar al Qadhafi to power.
	countrystudies.us /libya/3.htm (555 words)

	Libya: History
		The oldest accounts of Libya are connected to Phoenician colonies established in first half of the last millennium BCE.
		November 21: United Nations grants independence for a united Libya, to be relized within the span of 2 years.
		— April 5: Sanctions against Libya are suspended as the two suspects of the airplane bombing of 1988 are surrendered for trials in front of an international tribunal in the Netherlands.
	i-cias.com /e.o/libya_5.htm (1129 words)

	Libya : Location, Map, Area, Capital, Population, Religion, Language - Country Information
		Libya shares borders with Tunisia and Algeria in the west, and Egypt in the east, while the Sahara extends across the southern frontiers with Niger, Chad and the Sudan.
		The indigenous population of Libya is mostly Berber and Arab in origin; about 17 percent of the population consists of foreign workers and their families.
		Membership: Libya is a member of the UN, OAU, Arab League, OPEC, Union of the Arab Maghreb and Organization of the Islamic Conference.
	www.arab.de /arabinfo/libya.htm (257 words)

	Libya (History) was occupied by British and French troops. Cyrenaica and Tripolitania were governed by the United ...
		Libya (History) was occupied by British and French troops.
		Libya objected very strongly to Sadat´s peace initiative with Israel in November, and hosted a summit for Arab states that opposed the initiative.
		Libya also strongly condemned the proposals for Middle East peace that were agreed by other Arab states in Fez, Morocco, in September 1982.
	www.arab.de /arabinfo/libyahis.htm (521 words)

	Travel in Benghazi - Libya - Africa - History - WorldTravelGate.net®-
		Benghazi's old name (given to her in the year 347 B.C.) was "Barneek" which is the name of a beautiful and brave princess who became the queen of her people during the Greek rule of the North African region.
		When Libya achieved its independence in 24 December 1951 Benghazi became the second capital of Libya (the first was Tripoli.) During World War II Benghazi was bombed more than 1,000 times and saw a lot of destruction.
		After Libya's independence the city was rebuilt and became one the most attractive cities in North Africa.
	www.africatravelling.net /libya/benghazi/benghazi_history.htm (225 words)

	History (from Libya) -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		The petroleum-rich country of Libya lies in northern Africa along the southern coast of the Mediterranean Sea.
		Libya blends its role as one of the world's most important producers of petroleum with a traditional Arab society based on the Islamic religion.
		History is a science—a branch of knowledge that uses specific methods and tools to achieve its goals.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-214454 (821 words)

	CBC News Indepth: Libya (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The Roman colonies of Tripoli and Cyrenaica in ancient Libya were breadbaskets of the Roman Empire, until Arab Muslims conquered the colonies in the seventh century.
		Libya became a major battleground during the Second World War, with battles first between the British and Rommel's Afrika Corps and their Italian allies, and later involving the Americans after the Allied landings in North Africa in 1942.
		In August 2003, Libya agreed to take responsibility for the actions of its agents in the Lockerbie bombing and paid $2.7 billion US to the families of the 270 victims.
	www.cbc.ca /news/background/libya (995 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The most familiar passage relating the nation of Libya in the Bible is from the New Testament, Acts Chapter 2, where the crowd listening to the Apostles were able to hear the message in their own language.
		After the War, Libya was supervised by the United Nations and in 1952 Libya declared its independence and King Idris took charge.
		In April 1992, Libya entered a period of isolation when the United Nations imposed sanctions against Libya for her failure to turn over two Libyans accused of creating and planting a bomb aboard Pan Am flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland in December 1989.
	www.springsinthedesert.org /history.htm (843 words)

	Libya
		Libya became a part of the Ottoman Empire in 1551.
		Libya remained an Italian colony until World War II when the Allied forces and Libyan returnee fighters ousted German and Italian forces, following which the British and French shared control over the region.
		International Conventions (with Relevant Reservations): Libya acceded to the ICCPR and ICESCR in 1970 with a general declaration the effect that its accession shall in no way signify recognition of Israel or entry into dealings with Israel under the terms of the Covenants.
	www.law.emory.edu /IFL/legal/libya.htm (2057 words)

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