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	Mesopotamia, A History of. A Place For Civilization To Begin
		In the narrow sense, Mesopotamia is the area between the Euphrates and Tigris rivers, north or northwest of the bottleneck at Baghdad, in modern Iraq; it is Al-Jazirah ("The Island") of the Arabs.
		However, in the broader sense, the name Mesopotamia has come to be used for the area bounded on the northeast by the Zagros Mountains and on the southwest by the edge of the Arabian Plateau and stretching from the Persian Gulf in the southeast to the spurs of the Anti-Taurus Mountains in the northwest.
		The supply of water is not regular; as a result of the high average temperatures and a very low annual rainfall, the ground of the plain of latitude 35 N is hard and dry and unsuitable for plant cultivation for at least eight months in the year.
	history-world.org /mesopotamia_a_place_to_start.htm (1302 words)

	Mesopotamia - MSN Encarta
		Mesopotamia (Greek, “between the rivers”), one of the earliest centers of urban civilization, in the area of modern Iraq and eastern Syria between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers.
		The river valleys and plains of Mesopotamia are open to attack from the rivers, the northern and eastern hills, and the Arabian Desert and Syrian steppe to the west.
		Mesopotamia's richness always attracted its poorer neighbors, and its history is a pattern of infiltration and invasion.
	encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761559228/Mesopotamia.html (829 words)

	Mesopotamia - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography
		Mesopotamia was coined in the Hellenistic period without any definite boundaries, to refer to a broad geographical area and probably used by the Seleucids.
		Mesopotamian history extends from the emergence of urban socities in Southern Iraq in the 4th millennium BC to the arrival of Alexander the Great in the 4th century BC (which is seen as the hallmark of the Hellenization of the Near East, therefore supposedly marking the "end" of Mesopotamia).
		Mesopotamia housed historically important cities such as Uruk, Nippur, Nineveh, and Babylon as well as major territorial states such as the Akkadian kingdom, Third Dynasty of Ur, and Assyrian empire.
	www.arikah.com /encyclopedia/Mesopotamia (4011 words)

	History of the Levant
		Syria, history of Syria, Lebanon, history of Lebanon,
		By now the Sumerian Peoples of south Mesopotamia were all organized into a variety of independent City-states, such as Ur and Uruk, which by around 26th century BC had begun to coalesce into larger political units.
		In AD 114 Trajan temporarily occupied Mesopotamia, and with the end of Hadrian's 40-year peace the two powers were at almost constant hostilities.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/hi/History_of_Mesopotamia.html (1522 words)

	History of MESOPOTAMIA (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Mesopotamia, the region between these two rivers, will be the area of the world's first civilization - established a little earlier than 3100 BC.
		His is the first Semitic dynasty in history, and his civil servants use a script which is an important innovation in the history of writing.
		There are also periods when much of Mesopotamia is controlled by powers outside the area, notably the Hittites from the 17th century.
	www.historyworld.net /wrldhis/PlainTextHistories.asp?historyid=aa53 (799 words)

	Brief History of Mesopotamia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Geographically, Mesopotamia is the general designation for the territory of central Iraq between the Euphrates and the Tigris rivers which tapers down like a funnel to the confluence of the two rivers at Shatt al Arab and into the Persian or Arabic Gulf, although culturally in Antiquity the name overlaps far beyond these two rivers.
		Cuneiform was adopted in all of Mesopotamia and by Elam and the Hittites.
		The chronology for Mesopotamia is over-all approximative and it is conjectural for the lapse from ca3000 to ca2340 known as the Early Dynastic Period.
	www.worldhistoryplus.com /history/m/Mesopotamia_brief.htm (4272 words)

	ORRAR - MGGS - Sumerian Department - History&Beliefs of Mesopotamia:
		Mesopotamia means, “ Land between rivers,” and is the area within the Fertile Crescent valley between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in the country that is now known as Iraq.
		Hard as it may be to imagine, knowledge about Mesopotamia was little more than myth and conjecture until around the late 1800’s, when archeologists first unearthed the ruins of the Assyrian city Nineveh.
		Mesopotamia was made up of several parts, with Assyria in the north and Babylon in the south; which was itself divided into Sumer in the southern part and Akkad in the northern part.
	www.gnosticrob.com /sumerian/mesopotamiahistory.htm (1058 words)

	Mesopotamia - Crystalinks
		Mesopotamia was the alluvial plain lying between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, composing parts of Iraq and Syria.
		Writings from Mesopotamia (Uruk, modern Warka) are among the earliest known in the world, giving Mesopotamia a reputation of being the Cradle of Civilization, therefore it is regarded by some as the oldest known civilization.
		Mesopotamia was home to some of the oldest major ancient civilizations, including the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians and Assyrians.In 5000 BC, the Sumerians arrived in Mesopotamia.
	www.crystalinks.com /mesopotamia.html (5052 words)

	Mesopotamia Ancient History Early Civilizations Geography
		Mesopotamia is located in the Fertile Crescent, the arc of land that curves from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf.
		Mesopotamia is defined between the Tigris River and the Euphrates River, partly in present day Iraq.
		Mesopotamia has also been called the "Cradle of Civilization." That is because a lot of "firsts" happened in Mesopotamia, an upside-down Fertile Crescent looks like a cradle, and the Tigris and Euphrates River look as if they're "cradling" Mesopotamia.
	www.einfoweb.com /mesopotamia/geography/index.html (131 words)

	Brief History of Mesopotamia
		Disclaimer: What follows is a very brief summary of the (political) history of Mesopotamia, intended as a quick introduction for people who know nothing about the area.
		Mesopotamia, the land between the rivers, derives its name and existence from the rivers Tigris and Euphrates.
		The space we call Mesopotamia is roughly the same as that of the modern country of Iraq.
	it.stlawu.edu /~dmelvill/mesomath/history.html (1236 words)

	History of Mesopotamia
		Writings from Mesopotamia (Uruk, modern Warka) are among the earliest known in the world, giving Mesopotamia a reputation of being the "Cradle of Civilization".
		Mesopotamia was settled, and conquered, by numerous ancient civilizations:
		Mesopotamia was home to some of the oldest major ancient civilizations, including the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians and Assyrians.
	www.kids.superindian.com /DisplayPostDetail.aspx?provider=6572&PrintPage=1 (229 words)

	Royalty.nu - History of Iraq - The Sumerians and Akkadians
		Geography, history, archaeology, and anthropology of the Near East from pre-history to 330 BC.
		Traces Babylonian history from the late Uruk and Jamdat Nasr periods up to the rise of Hammurabi, including the invention of writing, the emergence of the Semites as a political factor under Sargon, and the success of the Third Dynasty of Ur.
		Mesopotamia: The Invention of the City by Gwendolyn Leick.
	www.royalty.nu /MiddleEast/Iraq/Sumer.html (2100 words)

	[No title]
		Mesopotamia (Iraq) was the Garden of Eden and the Cradle of Civilization.
		Mesopotamia is famous as the site of some of the oldest civilizations in the world.
		Throughout the history of Mesopotamia trade contacts, slow diffusion of foreign tribes and military confrontations have been of great influence.
	www.lycos.com /info/mesopotamia.html (578 words)

	History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A survey of the history of the American South from the colonial era to the present day, with two purposes: first, to afford students an understanding of the special historical characteristics of the South and of Southerners; and second, to explore what the experience of the South may teach about America as a nation.
		A history of the Caribbean from the 1830s to the 1960s covering economic, social, and political developments in the Hispanic and non-Hispanic areas of the archipelago.
		The history of the family and family policy in 20th century Europe in the context of the emerging welfare state.
	www.gs.columbia.edu /bulletin_courses/descriptions/History.html (3057 words)

	e. The Kassites, the Hurrians, and the Arameans. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		By the end of the second millennium, the population of Mesopotamia was probably around 1.25 million.
		The Hurrians had lived in Mesopotamia in small numbers from the late 3rd millennium, but the major Hurrian invasion of the region began around 1700.
		Tiglath-Pileser initiated the policy of ruthless warfare, mass executions, and the deportation of civilian populations, which became characteristic of Assyrian conquest.
	www.bartleby.com /67/86.html (801 words)

	History of the Levant - TheBestLinks.com - History of Mesopotamia, Agriculture, Alexander the Great, Anatolia, ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		History of the Levant - TheBestLinks.com - History of Mesopotamia, Agriculture, Alexander the Great, Anatolia,...
		History of Mesopotamia, History of the Levant, Agriculture, Alexander the Great...
		The earliest known permanent settlements in the Levant were established by the hunters and gatherers of the Natufian culture.
	www.thebestlinks.com /History_of_Mesopotamia.html (1596 words)

	World History - Mesopotamia Is Great
		Mesopotamia did not only have trade routes as a testament to its greatness, but a flourishing government as well.
		Mesopotamia also gave birth to Astronomy, making such leaps which would not be matched until Galileo invented the telescope.
		It is obvious to conclude that because of Mesopotamia's flourishing trade routes, its rich history of leaders, and its advancements in science and technology that Mesopotamia should be regarded as an extraordinary civilization.
	www.123helpme.com /view.asp?id=23554 (1025 words)

	Courses: Fall \| History Department \| Columbia University (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		A survey of the political and cultural history of Mesopotamia, Anatolia, and Iran from prehistory to the disappearance of the cuneiform documentation, with special emphasis on Mesopotamia.
		Korean history from the mid-19th century to the present, with a particular focus on politics, society and culture in the 20th century.
		The course is an undergraduate seminar in the social and cultural history of Chinese religion, organized roughly chronologically, built as much as possible around translated Chinese religious texts, and paying special attention to the question of the relationship between the human and divine worlds.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/history/courses/courses_fall2005.htm (2193 words)

	Early History of Mesopotamia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Mesopotamia (the land between the rivers), although an arrid place with minimal natural resources (almost no wood, stone or metal), supported small communities by about 5000 BC.
		This is a brief scetch of a very important, but imperfectly known, period of Mesopotamian history.
		It is essential that you are aware as you read Gilgamesh, that the epic developed out of one of the most important periods in world history.
	people.clarkson.edu /~melville/ls195/urukhis.html (372 words)

	Internet Ancient History Sourcebook: Main Page
		The Ancient History Sourcebook also includes links to visual and aural material, since art and archeology are far more important for the periods in question than for later history.
		No representation is made about the copyright status of offsite links: note that for the Ancient History Sourcebook, unlike the Medieval Sourcebook and Modern History Sourcebook, many texts are offsite.
		Notification of copyright infringement will result in the immediate removal of a text until its status is resolved.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/ancient/asbook.html (957 words)

	Halsall Home
		All of history before 500 CE means "common era" and is an increasingly common way of referring to the usual dating system without using the bbreviation "AD", which means "In the Year of Uur Lord" and thus might be inappropriate to use about non-Christian peoples and societies.
		European history from about 1400 (there is an overlap with "medieval") until 1789, and the French Revolution.
		History since the French, American, and Industrial revolutions of the late 18th century.
	www.uned.es /geo-1-historia-antigua-universal/historia_mesopotamia_links.htm (2661 words)

	Mesopotamia, 1000 B.C.–1 A.D. \| Timeline of Art History \| The Metropolitan Museum of Art (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		The Babylonians dominate Mesopotamia until 539 B.C., when Cyrus the Great of Persia, who has already overthrown the Medes, incorporates it into his rapidly growing empire.
		The empire is governed from two capitals, Antioch in Syria and Seleucia in southern Mesopotamia.
		from Iran seize Mesopotamia from Seleucid control and establish their capital on the Tigris at Ctesiphon, across the river from Seleucia.
	www.metmuseum.org /toah/ht/04/wam/ht04wam.htm (773 words)

	[No title]
		After an illustrated overview of the history and culture of Mesopotamia, the program moves forward in time to modern Iraq and explores it from the vantage point of its rich past.
		Mesopotamia (Greek: Μεσοποταμία, translated from Old Persian Miyanrudan "between rivers"; Aramaic name being Beth-Nahrain "House of Two Rivers") is a region of Southwest Asia.
		Mesopotamia has no natural boundaries and is difficult to defend.
	lycos.com /info/mesopotamia.html (578 words)

	ДИЗАЙН ИНТЕРЬЕР АРХИТЕКТУРА K-Studio: дизайн квартир, архитектурное ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Inanna/Ishtar's Descent - A story of the goddess' descent into the netherworld providing a testimony as to an early religion in which the goddess, woman, life and love was the center and the heart of religion.
		Medicine in Ancient Mesopotamia - History, the sources, concepts of disease and healing, practitioners, and other sources of health care with a bibliography.
		Mesopotamia - Provides information about the Fertile Crescent with a brief look at its geography, culture, and history.
	www.k-studio.ru /odp/index.php?c=/Society/History/By_Time_Period/Ancient/Mesopotamia (732 words)

	Codex from Channel4.com
		An exploration of the geography, history, archaeology and anthropology of the Middle East from pre-history to 330 BC.
		A complete history of the rise and fall of one of the most extreme societies in history.
		The history and civilisation of ancient Greece in all its complexity and variety, from its first beginnings in the Bronze Age (c.
	www.channel4.com /history/microsites/C/codex/fom.html (1023 words)

	ephemeris.com Early History of Astronomy - Mesopotamia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-29)
		Possibly as early as 8000 B.C.E., an ancient race lived in Mesopotamia, also known as the "Fertile Crescent," between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers.
		Gradually more migrated to Mesopotamia and invaded the land of Sumer, home of the Sumerians.
		Although the Semites ruled Mesopotamia following this conquest, the Sumerians were still the scribes and civil servants.
	ephemeris.com /history/mesopotamia.html (4562 words)

	Mesopotamia Ancient By Time Period History Society
		A self-made despot of ancient Mesopotamia, the historical Gilgamesh...
		University of Chicago ChronicleConference to explore interplay of government, religion in ancient...University of Chicago Chronicle - Feb 15, 2007Brisch, an Assyriologist and Sumerologist, is a specialist in Sumerian royal literature and divine kingship in ancient Mesopotamia.
		In search of Gilgamesh, the epic hero of ancient Babylonia.Washington Post, DC - Mar 4, 2007Here, we are introduced to the court life of ancient Mesopotamia, in particular the priests, sorcerers and secret agents who formed the inner circle of such...
	www.iaswww.com /ODP/Society/History/By_Time_Period/Ancient/Mesopotamia (518 words)

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