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	Monaco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Principality of Monaco or Monaco (French: Principauté de Monaco or Monaco; Monegasque: Munegu or Principatu de Munegu) is a city state and the second-smallest country in the world (after the Vatican City), located between the Mediterranean Sea and France along the French Riviera or Côte d'Azur (The Blue Coast).
		Monaco was re-founded in 1215 as a colony of Genoa.
		Monaco has been ruled by the House of Grimaldi since 1297, when François Grimaldi (aka: Malizia) seized the fortress protecting the famous rock while dressed up as a Franciscan monk (monaco in Italian); the only exception to this was from 1793 to 1814, when Monaco was under French control.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Monaco (1253 words)

	Monaco
		In 1191, Monaco was given to Genoa by the Emperor Henry VI, a donation confirmed by Frederic II in 1220 and 1241, and by the comte de Provence in 1262.
		Monaco's sovereignty is thus recognized in a number of texts: by the duke of Savoy in 1489, by the Pope in 1524.
		The territory of the principality of Monaco is unalienable.
	www.heraldica.org /topics/national/monaco.htm (9000 words)

	History of Monaco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The early history of Monaco is primarily concerned with the protective and strategic value of the Rock of Monaco, the area's chief geological landmark, which served first as a shelter for ancient peoples and later as a fortress.
		Monaco remained under Roman control until the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in 476, from which point the area was ravaged by Saracens and various barbarian tribes.
		The revised Constitution of Monaco, proclaimed in 1962, abolished capital punishment, provided for female suffrage, established a Supreme Court to guarantee fundamental liberties and made it difficult for a French national to transfer his or her residence there.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Monaco (1034 words)

	history
		Monaco thus became, in spite of the small area of its territory, an important place whose possession was to become the subject, during the three centuries which followed, of continual strife, capture and recapture by the representatives of the two parties, the Guelphs and the Ghibellines.
		The Rock of Monaco was in turn in the hands of the Ghibellines, the Dorias and the Spinolas, supporters of the Emperor and the Guelphs, the Fieschis and the Grimaldis, adherents of the Pope.
		Monaco was also a signatory of several multilateral treaties such as the Paris Convention of 1883, the Berne Convention of 1886 and the Madrid Arrangement of 1891.
	www.monaco-consulate.com /about_history.htm (5111 words)

	Monaco
		The Principality of Monaco, known as Munegu in the local dialect, is the second-smallest country of the world, wedged in between the Mediterranean Sea and France along the French Riviera or Cote d'Azur (The Blue Coast).
		Monaco is divided into four sections or quarters (quartiers): Monaco-Ville, the old city on a rocky promontory extending into the Mediterranean; La Condamine, the section along the port; Monte Carlo, the principal residential and resort area with the casino; and Fontvieille, a newly constructed area reclaimed from the sea.
		Monaco isn't a member of the European Union, but it is very closely linked to it via a customs union with France and as such its currency is the same as France's: the euro.
	www.fastload.org /mo/Monaco.html (875 words)

	History of Monaco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Monaco dates from the time of the Phoenicians, who, on the promontory upon which the old town is built, erected a temple to the god Melkarth, called Monoicos, solitary, that is, not connected with the cult of Ashtoreth; whence the town derived its name, which is Moneque, in Provencal.
		The Principality of Monaco is a sovereign and independent state, linked closely to France by the Treaty of July 1918, which was formally noted in Article 436 of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919.
		The foreign policy of Monaco is one illustration of this accord: France has agreed to defend the independence and sovereignty of Monaco, while the Monegasque Government has agreed to exercise its sovereign rights in conformity with French interests.
	www.historyofnations.net /europe/monaco.html (648 words)

	Worldroots.com
		Monaco was taken from Genoa in the 13th century by the Grimaldi family which asserted its independence.
		Monaco was annexed by France in 1793, returned to the Grimaldi family in 1814 and initially placed under the continued protection of France by the treaty of Paris of 1814.
		His Serene Highness the Prince of Monaco, pursuant to the additional articles of the Treaty of February 2, 1861, confirms on his behalf and that of his successors, the commitment made to the French government not to alienate the Principality in all or in part to any other Power but France.
	worldroots.com /brigitte/monaco.htm (1219 words)

	Grimaldi Family The history of Monaco Monte-Carlo
		The Rock of Monaco was a shelter for primitive populations.
		The coast and the port of Monaco were probably the sea access for the interior Ligurian population, the Oratelli of Peille.
		In antiquity, the port of Monaco was associated with the cult of the hero Herakles (Hercules for the Romans), and his name was often linked to the expression "Herakles Monoïkos," which means Herakles alone.
	www.monte-carlo.mc /us/presentation/history/index.html (288 words)

	History of Monaco - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		The early history of Monaco is primarily concerned with the protective and strategic value of the, the area's chief geological landmark, which served first as a shelter for ancient peoples and later as a fortress.
		On June 10, 1215, a detachment of Genoese Ghibellines led by began the construction of a fortress atop the.
		Designated as a protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia in 1815 by the Congress of Vienna after Napoleon's defeat, Monaco's sovereignty was confirmed by the of 1861.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Monoikos (1115 words)

	History :: I love Monte Carlo
		History of Monaco from the 6th century to 1993: The important dates in Monaco history.
		History of the Principality of Monaco: A detailed history of Monaco.
		Monaco history: The story of the House of Grimaldi is actually the history of Monaco.
	www.ilovemontecarlo.com /sites/history.html (75 words)

	History of Monaco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Founded at an unknown date in prehistory as a Ligurian settlement, Monaco was known to the Greek s of Marseille as Monoikos, and later to Romans as Monoecus.
		It was celebrated during all pagan antiquity for its temple of Hercules (Hercules Monoecus.) A colony of Genoa in 1215, Monaco has been ruled by the House of Grimaldi since 1297, except when under French control from 1789 to May 17, 1814.
		Designated as a protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1815 until 1860 by the Treaty of Vienna, Monaco's sovereignty was recognized by the Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861.
	www.serebella.com /encyclopedia/article-History_of_Monaco.html (590 words)

	Monaco Country Guide - History and Government - World Travel Guide Provided By Columbus Travel Publishing (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		This Machiavellian approach — indeed, Machiavelli himself was in Monaco in the early 16th century to sign a treaty on behalf of Florence — paid dividends in 1612 when Honoré II was granted the title of prince by the French crown.
		Monaco survives principally by providing tax concessions and discreet banking facilities for wealthy foreigners, and this has recently led to spats with France and difficulties with the wider world.
		In April 2002, Monaco was ‘named and shamed’ by inclusion on an Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development ‘fllist’ of seven countries that have failed to take adequate measures to deal with the money-laundering and multi-national fraud problems.
	www.worldtravelguide.net /data/mco/mco580.asp (531 words)

	History - Monaco - Europe
		By the terms of the Treaty of Vienna, in 1815, the principality was made a protectorate of the kingdom of Sardinia.
		In 1861 Monaco was restored as an independent state under the guardianship of France.
		In 1993 Monaco was admitted to the United Nations.
	www.countriesquest.com /europe/monaco/history.htm (75 words)

	Monaco by Shenanchie (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Monaco is perhaps famous for three very different things: Princess Grace and the royal family of Grimaldi; the gambling casinos of Monte Carlo, and of course, the Monte Carlo Grand Prix.
		Monaco is officially known as the "Principality of Monaco," and sits on 430 acres on the Mediterranean Sea in South-east France, near the border of Italy.
		In previous centuries, Christmas Eve in Monaco was when all the family would get together and perform the "rite of the branch." Before sitting down to their meal, the youngest member of the family would soak an olive branch in a glass of wine.
	pages.zdnet.com /shenanchie/monaco (3292 words)

	Monaco Official Site - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Monaco has a colorful and fascinating history filled with barbarians, kings and even a movie star.
		Monaco was annexed by France and members of the Monegasque royal family were imprisoned.
		He realized that most of Monaco's natural resources had been lost with the land and something had to be done to reestablish an economic base in the Principality.
	www.visitmonaco.com /index.cfm?fuseaction=Page.viewPage&pageId=18 (388 words)

	Monaco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		History and status of the principality of Monaco
		The Principality of Monaco is the second smallest sovereign state in the world (the smallest being Vatican), with an area of 151 hectares, and the most crowded one.
		The early history of Monaco is linked to the Genoese civil wars between the Guelphs (supporting the Pope) and the Ghibellines (supporting the German Emperor).
	www.flagspot.net /flags/mc.html (1615 words)

	A general presentation of the Principality of Monaco - Wellcome on Monte-Carlo Online
		For 700 years, the history of Monaco has been linked to that of the Grimaldi Dynasty which has celebrated in 1997, the anniversary of its accession to the Principality of Monaco.
		Based on the latest official census, there are 29,972 inhabitants in the Principality of Monaco of which 5,070 are Monegasque, 12,047 are French and 5,000 are Italian.
		Benefiting from an ideal geographical location, the Principality of Monaco enjoys very mild winters and remarkably sunny summers, which tend not to be exceedingly hot.
	www.monaco.monte-carlo.mc /us/presentation (403 words)

	French Riviera - Sightseeing - Principaute de Monaco - Riviera By.Com: Selected Accommodation for the Informed Traveller
		Monaco is also connected to a particularly efficient motorway network.
		Monaco's history started in 1297 when François Grimaldi liberated Monaco; thus began the reign of the Grimaldi dynasty.
		In ancient history, the Rock of Monaco was a shelter for primitive populations.
	www.rivieraby.com /sightsee/sight12.htm (377 words)

	History of Monaco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Founded at an unknown date in prehistory as a Ligurian settlement, Monaco was knownto the Greeks of Marseille as Monoikos, and later to Romans as Monoecus.
		Designated as a protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1815 until 1860 by the Treatyof Vienna, Monaco's sovereignty was recognized by the Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861.
		ThePrince of Monaco was an absolute ruler until a constitution was promulgated in 1911.
	www.therfcc.org /history-of-monaco-16025.html (285 words)

	Monaco: History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Honoré III signed the Treaty of Péronne with Louis XII which assured the Principality of the "protective friendship of France".
		As compensation for the loss of the privileges granted by Spain, the Prince of Monaco received fiefs in France.
		1814 : the Grimaldis of Monaco were re-invested with all their rights (the Treaty of Péronne again in force).
	www.monaco.mc /monaco/info/history1.html (758 words)

	Monaco: History
		Monaco was ruled by the Genovese Grimaldi family from the 13th cent.
		Monaco was under Spanish protection from 1542 to 1641, under French protection from 1641 to 1793, annexed to France in 1793, and under Sardinian protection from 1815 to 1861.
		Relations with France again became acrimonious in 2000 when Monaco was accused of being a center for money-laundering and France threatened to force the principality to tighten the regulation of its banks.
	www.factmonster.com /ce6/world/A0859729.html (315 words)

	history of monaco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Founded at an unknown date in prehistory as a Ligurian settlement, Monaco was known to the Greekss of Marseille as Monoikos, and later to Romans as Monoecus.
		A colony of Genoa in 1215, Monaco has been ruled by the House of Grimaldi since 1297, except when under French control from 1789 to May 17, 1814.
		Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino.
	www.yourencyclopedia.net /history_of_monaco.html (344 words)

	History of Monaco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Designated as a protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia from 1815 until 1860 by the Treaty of Vienna Monaco's was recognized by the Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861.
		The Prince of Monaco was an ruler until a constitution was promulgated in 1911.
		James Monaco states early on if that poetry is something one can't translate, and if art is something one can't define, then film is something that can't be explained.
	www.freeglossary.com /History_of_Monaco (612 words)

	History of Monaco (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-22)
		Founded in 1215 as a colony of Genoa, Monaco has been ruled by the House of Grimaldi since 1297, except when under French control from 1789 to 1814.
		Designated as a protectorate of Sardinia from 1815 until 1860 by the Treaty of Vienna, Monaco's sovereignty was recognized by the Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861.
		The treaty, formally noted in the Treaty of Versailles, established that Monegasque policy would be aligned with French political, military, and economic interests.
	infotut.com /geography/Monaco (212 words)

	GRIMALDI.ORG - House of Grimaldi - Prince of Monaco - History and Genealogy
		Since those times, the history of Monaco has become inseparable from that of the Grimaldis, as the enduring principality undoubtedly became the jewel of this ancient sovereign House.
		Thank to its fortress and its port, Monaco was to become a bastion for the Grimaldis' trade and political activism in the region, but also to harass and raid ships passing within their reach.
		Since the prince of Monaco was well introduced in Rome — through his extended family in Genoa and Italy — he was made ambassador of France to the Holy See to plead the king's case in the delicate question of the succession of Spain.
	www.grimaldi.org /en/history/monaco.asp (1523 words)

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