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Topic: History of Okinawa

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	Okinawa prefecture (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Okinawa's capital, Naha, is located in the southern part of the largest and most populous island, Okinawa Honto (沖縄本島), which is approximately half-way between Kyūshū and Taiwan.
		Okinawa's location in the East China Sea, and relatively close proximity to China, Japan, Taiwan, and the Philippines allowed the Ryūkyū Kingdom to become a prosperous trading nation.
		In 1972, Okinawa once again became part of Japan, although to this day the US maintains a large military presence there, including some 28,000 servicemen who are a major source of employment for local Okinawans.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/o/ok/okinawa_prefecture.html (815 words)

	Ryukyuan history - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This article is about the history of the Ryukyu Island chain southeast of the main islands of Japan.
		The Shimazu clan wanted Okinawa's trade, and wanted favor with the regime in Edo (modern-day Tokyo), and the Ryukyuan Kingdom had not paid respects to the new regime in Edo.
		On November 21, 1969 U.S. President Richard Nixon and Japanese Prime Minister Eisaku Sato agreed in Washington, DC on the return of Okinawa to Japanese control, with representatives of Japan and the United States signing the Okinawa Reversion Agreement on June 17, 1971.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Okinawa (2070 words)

	Okinawa Prefecture -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Okinawa's capital, (Click link for more info and facts about Naha) Naha, is located in the southern part of the largest and most populous island, (Click link for more info and facts about Okinawa Honto) Okinawa Honto, which is approximately half-way between Kyūshū and Taiwan.
		Perhaps Okinawa's most famous cultural export is (A traditional Japanese system of unarmed combat; sharp blows and kicks are given to pressure-sensitive points on the body of the opponent) karate, probably a product of the close ties with, and influence of China on Okinawan culture.
		Okinawa is a major producer of (Tall tropical southeast Asian grass having stout fibrous jointed stalks; sap is a chief source of sugar) sugar cane, pineapples, papayas and other tropical fruits.
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/o/ok/okinawa_prefecture.htm (1291 words)

	Okinawa Prefecture - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Okinawa's location in the East China Sea, and relatively close proximity to Japan, Korea, China and South East Asia allowed the Ryūkyū Kingdom to become a prosperous trading nation.
		On May 15, 1972, Okinawa once again became part of Japan, although to this day the US maintains a large military presence there: more than 40,000 US military personnel and dependents, including 17,600 Marines, are still based there.
		Okinawa has a very large proportion of population living to one hundred years of age.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Okinawa (882 words)

	Okinawa History - Events Through 1945
		Permission to punish Okinawa was granted the rulers in Edo, doubtless happy that the murderous Satsuma clan was causing trouble elsewhere, to the south — not north in Tokyo.
		The Battle of Okinawa, fought in 1945, was one of the last major battles of World War II, claiming the lives of an estimated 120,000 people.
		Okinawa was the only place where there was a land battle in Japan during WW II, and it was the bloodiest battle of the Pacific War.
	www.japan-101.com /history/okinawa_history.htm (1002 words)

	Okinawan History and Karate-do
		Okinawa is largest of the Ryukyu Islands, located several hundred miles east of southern China; several hundred miles south of the main islands of Japan; and several hundred miles north of the island of Taiwan.
		Okinawa and the entire Ryukyu chain is now a prefecture of Japan, but it was, until fairly recently, an independent kingdom, at least in name.
		The King of Okinawa “retired” to Kyoto at the request of the Japanese Emperor and Japanese civic administration was put in place throughout the Ryukyus.
	www.nyc-shorinryu.com /okinawa.html (2946 words)

	Okinawa Masters and History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		As Okinawa is very close to the southern tip of Kyushu, Japan, and sub-tropical with coral reefs, emerald seas and sunny skies most of the year, it is a holiday haven for Japanese tourists, with five large hotels.
		1393: Surge in the migration of Chinese to Okinawa.
		The charter of the association is to recognise legitimate Okinawa karate as taught by the Okinawa masters.
	pages.zdnet.com /oika/oika/id18.html (1693 words)

	Chapter XIV: Battle in the Rain
		While the ground fighting was largely stalemated by rain, the air battle between the Americans on Okinawa and the enemy pilots from the Japanese home islands went on unceasingly.
		The air assault of 24-25 May was not confined to the airfields of Okinawa and le Shima.
		JAPANESE AIR RAIDS ON OKINAWA were stepped up the last week of May. Above, Japanese plane caught squarely by antiaircraft fire leaves a trail of smoke and flame as it falls toward the ocean.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/wwii/okinawa/chapter14.htm (6894 words)

	Long Island University - Japan - Okinawa Center (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Okinawa Prefecture consists of 160 primary islands, and occupies the southern half of the Ryukyu archipelago.
		The famous Japanese chronicle "Nihon-Shoki" recorded that a mission from Okinawa was sent to the imperial Court of Yamato during the 6th century.
		In this manner, Okinawa was placed under the reign of the Yamato Court but was treated as a special region without the burden of taxation as in Japan proper because of the great distance involved.
	www.liu.edu /but04/japan/okinawa/okinawa.html (1018 words)

	History of Okinawa Island
		This small kingdom of Okinawa had been a very prosperous country: not only the archipelagos was on the route of exchange between Japan or North China with the south eastern Asia but also exported a great quantity of sulfur that Chinese needed to make explosive.
		Being afraid that Okinawa should be soon a battle field, the Japanese general staff began to organize an evacuation of noncombatant civilian population from 1944.
		This battle of Okinawa was a real disaster for its inhabitants, for there were not only 90,000 dead among Japanese soldiers but also 150,000 civilian dead (one quarter of the total population), besides innumerable historic buildings and cultural centers reduced to ashes like Shuri Castle.
	www.hikyaku.com /summit/okhistg.html (909 words)

	History of Okinawa Goju Ryu Karate Do
		At Okinawa the native fighting art 'te' was practised long before the introduction of kempo.
		The founder of Goju ryu karate, Miyagi Chojun, was born at Okinawa in 1888.
		After WWII Miyagi Sensei begins to teach karate at the Police Academy of Okinawa and also at his home, among his students were Miyagi Anichi Sensei, and Aragaki Shuichi Sensei, whos grandfather introduced Miyagi Sensei to Higaonna Sensei.
	www.okd-itk.com /history.html (1364 words)

	ClickOkinawa.com - The Sights & Sounds of Ryukyu Kingdom
		the Amami Islands in the north, the Okinawa Islands in the center, and the Sakishima Islands in the south.
		OKINAWA is the largest and most populous island of the Ryukyu and contains the capital and largest city, Naha, a major seaport.
		The Urasoe City Education Bureau is now trying to unearth the history of Urasoe Yodore, which was the tomb of the Eiso family which controlled the southern part of Okinawa Island from 1187 to 1392.
	members.tripod.com /~MickMc/intro.html (850 words)

	Tigers Lair Karate and Goju Ryu History
		Goju-Ryu's history is a culmination of the native "te" arts of Okinawa which date back over 1000 years, the introduction of Chinese kempo into the Okinawa te arts in around 1372 and the direct study by Higaonna Sensei and Miyagi Sensei in China.
		Since Okinawa was an annexed tributary state of China until the last part of the 19th century, hundreds of envoys and delegations, both Chinese and Okinawan, were dispatched to Okinawa and China.
		Okinawa became a puppet state of the Satsuma Clan and Japan, being forced to keep a false loyalty with the Chinese Emperor as to maintain economic and political ties.
	icity.hypermart.net /tigerslair/history.htm (1471 words)

	Battle of Okinawa - Japan's WWII History
		The Battle of Okinawa, fought on the island of Okinawa in the Ryukyu Islands (south of the four big islands of Japan) was the largest amphibious assault during the Pacific campaign of World War II.
		At some battles such as Iwo Jima, there had been no civilians, but Okinawa had a large indigenous civilian population, and the civilian loss in the Typhoon of Steel was at least 130,000.
		Okinawa was to become an unsinkable aircraft carrier.
	www.japan-101.com /history/battle_of_okinawa.htm (831 words)

	Virtual Okinawa - History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		From the 9th to 13th century, Okinawa was having excitement age by top ranks, which were called "aji" were competed.
		At end of Taisho age, Okinawan history became more serious by economic crisis which is called "sotetsu jigoku." Many of workers went out of prefecture.
		Okinawa got governed by U.S. Force and it's construction of bases became large-scale by 1949.
	www.virtualokinawa.com /about_okinawa/articles/history.html (486 words)

	History of Shotokan - Okinawa (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		It is believed that Shotokan's ancestor martial art(s) came to Okinawa long ago (there are no written records that indicate any dates).
		It is generally assumed that this contact with outside peoples allowed their respective fighting styles into Okinawa.
		When he returned to Okinawa, he was a karate (China hand) master.
	www.shotokanforeveryone.com /okinawahistory.htm (312 words)

	Okinawa Kobudo History
		It is very difficult to tell the true story about the development of the Okinawa Kobudo because almost all written documents about it were destroyed in the hard fightings, bombings and the outbreaks of fire that followed during the second world war.
		Later, after returning to Okinawa, he traveled to Fuchow and Shanghai were he learned even more weapons arts in addition to acupuncture, herbal medicine and another form of Shaolin boxing.
		In 1970, he formed the All Okinawa Kobudo Federation (Zen Okinawa Kobudo Renmei) and until his untimely death in 1997 was the technical advisor for all Okinawan Kobudo styles.
	kobudo.okinawa.free.fr /history (954 words)

	Oral History-Battle of Okinawa
		We departed Ulithi for the Okinawa landings on the 21st of March, arrived at Okinawa the 24th of March, and performed screening duties with the battleships and cruisers [protecting them from Japanese aircraft and submarines] who were bombarding the beaches until the major landing on April 1st, 1945.
		We were taken in tow by a light mine-sweeper in the early afternoon, about three hours after the attack and the mine-sweeper turned the tow over a short time later to a tug, which had been sent to our rescue.
		After reaching Okinawa and pumping out all our flooded spaces, we put soft patches on four small holes we found in the underwater body in the after part of the ship.
	www.history.navy.mil /faqs/faq87-3r.htm (2474 words)

	The history of Okinawa (the Ryukyu Islands) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The retrospective history of Okinawa (the Ryukyu Islands)
		The economic history of Okinawa (the Ryukyu Islands)
		The working-class history of Okinawa (the Ryukyu Islands)
	www.hartford-hwp.com /archives/55a/index-m.html (97 words)

	Commander, Fleet Activities, Okinawa - Command History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		On May 15, 1972, upon reversion of Okinawa to Japanese administration, the two organizations were combined to form Commander Fleet Activities, Okinawa.
		With the relocations of Commander Fleet Activities, Okinawa to Kadena Air Base on May 7, 1975, the title then became Commander Fleet Activities, Okinawa/U.S. Naval Air Facility, Kadena.
		Kadena AB history dates back to just before the April 1, 1945, U.S. invasion of Okinawa, when a local construction firm completed a small airfield named Yara Hikojo near the island's village of Kadena.
	www.cfao.navy.mil /history.htm (536 words)

	A Brief History of Okinawa
		Two northern island groups (Amami-Oshima and Okinawa) show evidence of southwarad migration from Kyushu, whereas in the two southern island groups (Miyako and Yaeyama) evidence points to Melanesian cultural strains from the South.
		In Okinawa, where women have traditionally held the predominant role in religion, the yuta and her practices are deeply rooted in the social structure.
		In conclusion, it might be said that although foreign religious beliefs, such as Buddhism, Shintoism, Taoism, and Christianity, have been introduced to Okinawa through the centuries, Okinawa’s indigenous religion remains strong and intact and continues to flourish in society today.
	www.okinawan-shorinryu.com /okinawa/history.html (2447 words)

	[No title]
		In 1998, Master Odo renamed the Okinawa Kenpo Karate Kobudo Federation to be the
		Okinawa, Japan from 1984 to the end of 1996.
		In April, 1998, Hanshi Heilman announced the adoption of a separate "kan" to distinguish the version of Okinawa Kenpo Karate Kobudo taught under the IKKF Program.
	www.ikkf.org /history.html (936 words)

	Japan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		Nonetheless, for most of its history, real power was in the hands of the court nobility, the shoguns, the military, or, recently, prime ministers.
		Recorded Japanese history began in the 5th and 6th centuries AD, when the Chinese writing system, Buddhism, and other Chinese culture was introduced by Baekje, a kingdom in Korea.
		Naha on Okinawa in the Ryukyu archipelago is over 600 km to the southwest of Kyushu.
	www.worldhistory.com /wiki/J/Japan.htm (4493 words)

	Megan Tzeng \| The Battle of Okinawa, 1945: Final Turning Point in the Pacific \| The History Teacher, 34.1 \| The History ...
		Okinawa was a critical turning point that essentially ended the war and served as a catalyst for the world-changing decision that followed.
		Okinawa was the final hop of the campaign; there, the United States Marine Corps, Army, Navy, and Air Force all united in a final struggle before invading mainland Japan.
		Okinawa's rain torrents and mud escalated the soldiers' misery.
	www.historycooperative.org /journals/ht/34.1/tzeng.html (8934 words)

	History Part 1
		This two part history was originally written in 1966 when Korean karate was practically unknown in the United States.
		Little is known about the early history of Kwon Bop except that it spread into all parts of the peninsula of what is now Korea.
		It's an interesting footnote to history to observe that the Kwon Bop developed in Koguryo laid stress on free-style sparring 1500 and more years before it was extensively practiced elsewhere.
	www.kimsookarate.com /articles/history1.html (1837 words)

	Okinawa: Tha Last Battle
		Okinawa: The Last Battle was written by U. Army historians who participated in the Ryukyus campaign as members of a group organized to accompany the American forces to the Ryukyus and secure at first hand the materials for a history of their operations.
		Before the embarkation of troops for Okinawa, most of the Tenth Army's combat historians, as they were called, had joined at various points in the Pacific the units whose part in the coming battle they were to record.
		In July 1945, after the battle of Okinawa ended, Colonel Stevens and Sergeant Burns were detached from the 1st Information and Historical Service and returned to Oahu to write the history of the Okinawa operation at Fort Shafter, where the records of all Amy units which had fought on Okinawa were subsequently brought together.
	www.army.mil /cmh-pg/books/wwii/okinawa (2484 words)

	History
		He was born on 24th April 1888 in Naha, the capital city of Okinawa, the largest island in the Ryu Kyu chain.
		In 1930, Miyagi Sensei was made head of a Karate-do section of the Okinawa Amateur Athletic Association, and in 1934 was appointed head of the standing committee of the Okinawa branch of the Butokukai Association.
		However the legacy of Okinawa Goju Ryu Karate has been preserved and passed on to the students that followed Sensei Miyazato's generation and built the style into the force it is today throughout the world.
	www.rembuden.co.nz /History.aspx (481 words)

	My Okinawa Library - Page Two
		Brief presentation of the early history of Okinawa's struggle with its dual allegiance to China and Japan, its trade and culture.
		Because of variation in language and dialects on Okinawa from one district to another, with some reluctance, the author decided to use standard Japanese readings for all terms except where otherwise noted.
		Okinawa aside, there are tons of other aspects of growing up as a military brat that I can clearly associate with.
	members.tripod.com /~MickMc/books2.html (2416 words)

	Okinawa Prefecture - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-21)
		The disputed Senkaku Islands are also theoretically administered as part of Okinawa prefecture.
		Roofs are typically red in color and are inspired by Chinese design.
		list of cities and districts of Okinawa prefecture.
	open-encyclopedia.com /Okinawa (861 words)

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