
	Where results make sense

Topic: History of Sudan (Independent Sudan)

Related Topics

Military history

Timeline of Quebec history

Timeline of Canadian history

History of Japan

Timeline of Irish history

History of China

History of Germany

alternate history

British military history

natural history

art history

History of Poland

In the News (Fri 17 Feb 12)

EXECUTIVE POWER

Iran

ANALYSIS

Pakistan

Family compact

	Sudan: A Historical Perspective
		Muhammad Ahmad, the son of a Dongola boat-builder, was born in 1844.
		In the twelve ensuing years, the Sudan's revenue had increased seventeen fold, its expenditure tripled, and its budget reached a balanced state which was to be maintained until 1960.
		This is despite the fact that it views the Sudan as a strategically important nation, both as protector of the southern flank of Egypt its primary Arab ally, and as a possible staging ground for any military operations mounted to protect the Middle East's oil fields.
	www.sudan.net /government/history.html (2247 words)

	History of Senegal - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In the 13th and 14th centuries, the area came under the influence of the Mandingo empires to the east; the Jolof Empire of Senegal also was founded during this time.
		In January 1959, Senegal and the French Sudan merged to form the Mali Federation, which became fully independent on June 20, 1960, as a result of the independence and the transfer of power agreement signed with France on April 4, 1960.
		Senegal and Soudan (renamed the Republic of Mali) proclaimed independence.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Senegal (508 words)

	History of Sudan (Independent Sudan) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This article details the period of Independent Sudan, January 1, 1956 to May 25, 1969, in the history of Sudan.
		On December 19, 1955, the Sudanese parliament, under Azhari's leadership, unanimously adopted a declaration of independence; on January 1, 1956, Sudan became an independent republic.
		Sudan achieved independence without the rival political parties having agreed on the form and content of a permanent constitution.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_Sudan_(Independent_Sudan) (3222 words)

	Encyclopedia: History of Sudan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The history of Sudan is marked by influences (military and cultural) from neighboring areas (e.g.
		Sudan shares borders with nine African countries of which two are Afro-Arab, lying in the North of Sudan, they are Egypt (1,200 km), and Libya (380 km).
		History places the final overthrow of the kingdom in 1504, as a result of an alliance between immigrant Arabs from the north and a people of obscure; probably southern origin called the Funj.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/History-of-Sudan (595 words)

	Sudan - HISTORY
		There is little documentation for the history of the southern Sudanese provinces until the introduction of the Turkiyah in the north in the early 1820s and the subsequent extension of slave raiding into the south.
		Sudan's new ruler also authorized the burning of lists of pedigrees and books of law and theology because of their association with the old order and because he believed that the former accentuated tribalism at the expense of religious unity.
		In Sudan, the traditional leaders were the shaykhs--of villages, tribes, and districts--in the north and tribal chiefs in the south.
	www.mongabay.com /reference/country_studies/sudan/HISTORY.html (18023 words)

	EH.Net Encyclopedia: Economic History of Portugal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		As a matter of fact, very early in the country’s history, the Portuguese nobility and Church became much dependent on the redistributive powers of the crown, in particular in what concerns land and the tributes associated with it.
		It was the exploration of this path that led to the most unique period in Portuguese history, one during which Portugal reached heights of importance in the world that find no match in either its past or future history.
		It has already been mentioned that much of the political history of Portugal from the Middle Ages to the nineteenth century revolves around the tension between the centripetal power of the crown and the centrifugal powers of the aristocracy, the Church and the local communities.
	eh.net /encyclopedia/?article=amaral.portugal (9498 words)

	Cool Planet - Sudan - History
		For centuries, the region that is now known as Sudan consisted of a number of independent nations.
		On 1 January 1956, Sudan became fully independent, although a civil war was already in the offing because of unrest in the south about the growing political and economic dominance of north Sudan.
		Under the terms of an agreement reached at peace talks in Kenya in July 2002, southern Sudan would be granted a six-year period of administrative autonomy and not be subject to Islamic Law which is applied in the Arab north.
	www.oxfam.org.uk /coolplanet/kidsweb/world/sudan/sudhist.htm (391 words)

	Gale * eNewsletters * Histroy * August 2004 * Sudan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The independence of the Sudan in 1956 brought to a head the deep tensions between the African traditionalist and Christian southern Sudanese and the northern Sudanese oriented to the Arab world and Islam.
		In the half-century of independence in the Sudan, the ill-defined concept of race has complicated the confusion of identity in the Sudan to reinforce historic perceptions of inferiority that may no longer be legal, but confirm convictions of superiority that are more pervasive and powerful than the law.
		The southern Sudan disturbances of August 1955 marked the beginning of resistance by the African southern Sudanese practicing traditional religions or Christianity against the independent government in Khartoum, now dominated by the northern Arab, Muslim Sudanese whose ancestors in the nineteenth century had left behind bitter memories throughout the south.
	www.gale.com /enewsletters/history/2004_08/sudan.htm (4460 words)

	Infantry Magazine: The Sudanese Army: a historical analysis and discussion on religious politicization
		Sudan still remains on the U.S. list of states that sponsor terrorism, and the Sudanese regime is a military dictatorship on the brink of lapsing into Islamic radicalism and is home to perhaps the most eloquent Islamic fundamentalist thinker today--the Sorbonne-educated Hassan Al-Turabi leader of the National Islamic Front (NIF).
		British patience on pacifying the Sudan and the murder of Governor General and Sirdar Lee Stack in November in broad daylight in Cairo, Egypt, led to London imposing harsh measures on Egypt and using the assassination as a pretext to assert imperial authority over the Sudan.
		Sudan's politics were shaved by Nasser's fiery speeches on Arab nationalism, the Algerian War of Independence against the French, and the Suez Crisis.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0IAV/is_4_93/ai_n6362167 (1406 words)

	Sudan: History
		Northern Sudan is inhabited by a group we now refer to as X-Group, and who by ancient geographers were called Nobatae.
		Hence all of Sudan down the Nile, through the Blue Nile, and the Atbara river came under control of Muhammad Ali.
		As the military forces were engaged in fighting in the south, the regime of Abbud was unable to quell the unrest, and Abbud resigned, and a transitional government was established.
	lexicorient.com /e.o/sudan_5.htm (2233 words)

	Ethiopia -> History on Encyclopedia.com 2002 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		John's attempts to further centralize the government led to revolts by local leaders; in addition, his regime was threatened during 1875-76 by Egyptian incursions and, after 1881, by raids by followers of the Mahdi in Sudan.
		Due to a dispute over the meaning of the treaty (Italy claimed it had been given a protectorate over Ethiopia, which Menelik denied), Italy invaded Ethiopia in 1895 but was decisively defeated by Menelik's forces at Adwa on Mar. 1, 1896.
		By the subsequent Treaty of Addis Ababa (Oct., 1896), the Treaty of Wuchale was annulled, and Italy recognized the independence of Ethiopia while retaining its Eritrean colonial base.
	www.encyclopedia.com /html/section/ethiopia_history.asp (2431 words)

	South Sudan: A History of Political Domination - A Case of Self Determination, (Riek Machar)
		Again, in 1898 the Sudan was re-conquered by a joint British and Egyptian forces resulting in the signing of the Condominium Agreement between the British and the Egyptian to administer the Sudan in its present boundaries.
		Instead of establishing an advisory council for South Sudan similar to that of North Sudan, the resolutions of the Administrative Conference held in Khartoum in 1946 surprisingly advocated the colonisation of South by North Sudan.
		This unpalatable decision was crowned by the promulgation and establishment of the Sudan Legislative Assembly in 1948.
	www.sas.upenn.edu /African_Studies/Hornet/sd_machar.html (2935 words)

	Sudan's Biblical History - Christianity Today Magazine
		Sudan's ongoing civil war isn't the only reason Christians should be familiar with the region.
		But in general it came to mean the area which is the Sudan, the area south of Egypt, especially remarkable for the fl complexion of its inhabitants.
		The evidence for Christianity in the Sudan comes much later, probably through the Coptic Church from about the fourth century and then there's a dramatic conversion in the Byzantine period under Justinian and Theodora where there are three separate kingdoms that are converted, but to two different kinds of Christianity.
	www.christianitytoday.com /ct/2004/121/21.0.html (1689 words)

	New Internationalist: History of Sudan
		The conflict in Sudan is often portrayed as being between the prosperous Arab North and the impoverished and neglected Christian South.
		Sudan is a country of great variety; many different ethnic groups exist side by side and alliances are formed for many different reasons.
		Southern Sudan is less keen on independence, as people are unprepared and unconsulted.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m0JQP/is_283/ai_30037070 (600 words)

	History
		In a spirit of revenge against the free and independent Lebanese, the Ottoman army requisitioned all the food to starve the people, and practiced a scorched earth policy.
		It is estimated that close to a third of the Lebanese population died of starvation between 1914-1918.
		The reasons that led the Lebanese KDP to take sides in the war are too painful to discuss here in any detail, and only history will be the judge once Lebanon is free from occupation and the Lebanese people begin the necessary soul-searching to re-examine that terrible period of their history.
	www.kdp-lebanon.com /history.htm (2565 words)

	Library of Congress / Federal Research Division / Country Studies / Area Handbook Series/ Sudan / Bibliography
		Barbour, K.M. The Republic of the Sudan: A Regional Geography.
		Mills, L.R. Population and Manpower in the Southern Sudan.
		Population of the Sudan: A Joint Project on Mapping and Analysing the 1983 Population Census Data.
	lcweb2.loc.gov /frd/cs/sudan/sd_bibl.html (3128 words)

	Sudan on the Internet
		History of Nubia the area partly in southern Egypt and partly in northern Sudan.
		Piccione, Peter A. History of Nubia from the Palaeolithic era to the Kingdom of Kush.
		Sudan Archaeological Society in Berlin/ Die Sudan-archaologische Gesellschaft zu Berlin E.V. Based at Humboldt-Universitat, describes their projects, has tips for travelers to the Sudan, table of contents of its bulletin, photographs of wall paintings, temples, many links to other Sudan archaeology web sites, and an annotated bibliography of publications on the Sudan.
	www-sul.stanford.edu /depts/ssrg/africa/sudan.html (8049 words)

	travel history
		Asia, Europe, Africa, America, Oceania, Route Map, my Travel History, mail, Top Page
		I have visited in all independent countries now!
		----- 11.26 Israel(Palestine), Jordan, Egypt, Yemen, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Sudan, Turkey, Iran, Pakistan, India, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Thailand
	tabisite.com /en/e_history.htm (403 words)

	Timeline Sudan
		1986-1989 Arms were channeled into Darfur by Sudan’s central government under Sadiq al-Mahdi, which armed the southern Baggara Arabs as a militia to fight against the SPLA (at that time threatening insurgency in the region), and also armed the northern Arab tribes, who were loyal to the Ansar of the Prime Minister's Umma Party.
		He had lived in the Sudan for 2 [5 1/22] years and recently moved to Afghanistan and was accepted by the Taliban.
		The plant in Sudan was suspected of producing the chemical EMPTA, one of the ingredients in VX nerve gas, but also an ingredient in fungicides and anti-microbial agents.
	timelines.ws /countries/SUDAN.HTML (7614 words)

	H-Net Review: Robert O. Collins on Historical Dictionary of the Sudan (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Scholarly cynics of the Sudan may criticize the dearth of entries for the previous five centuries of the Sudanese past, but they cannot complain they were not forewarned for the price of $95.00.
		This is a very valuable contribution, for the past half century of the independent Sudan has been characterized by chaos and confusion so that this detailed chronology not only fulfills the contemporary mission of the authors, but is a valuable assist to any researcher on the recent Sudanese past.
		The real strength of this dictionary is the numerous entries of prominent Sudanese, both northerners and southerners, and topics of the post-independence period and particularly since the renewal of the Sudan civil war in 1983.
	www.h-net.msu.edu /reviews/showrev.cgi?path=186191081145208 (1096 words)

	AITO — association of independent tour operators
		Homepage introduction, links to random featured holidays and a site search engine
		AITO offers an unrivalled collection of quality holidays from award-winning specialist independent tour operators. Looking for complete relaxation, an adrenalin-charged adventure or something in between? Look no further, your perfect holiday is just a mouse click away...
		Be first in the know about new AITO members joining and new ideas for your next trip!
	www.aito.co.uk (78 words)

Try your search on: Qwika (all wikis)