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Topic: History of mental illness

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Mental illness

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6th century BC

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20th century BC

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	Mental Illness - Printer-friendly - MSN Encarta
		The mentally ill are often blamed for bringing on their own illnesses, and others may see them as victims of bad fate, religious and moral transgression, or witchcraft.
		Thus, the diagnosis of mental illness is always a judgment or an interpretation by an observer based on the speech, ideas, behaviors, and experiences of the patient.
		Mental hospitals or psychiatric wards in general hospitals are used to treat patients in acute phases of their illnesses and when the severity of their symptoms requires constant supervision.
	encarta.msn.com /text_761566888___0/Mental_Illness.html (8655 words)

	History of mental illness - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Egyptian focus on the well-being of the soul is embodied in the Temple of Imhotep at Memphis in the 29th century BC, a popular center for the treatment of mental illness.
		The next major developments in the history of mental health and illness came in a wave of new ideas about the self that occurred in the 6th century BC: The founding of Islam as well as the revitalization of Judaism during the Babylonian exile.
		Ohio University - The History of Mental Illness
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_mental_illness (1316 words)

	American Civil Liberties Union : Mental Illness and the Death Penalty in the United States
		Mental illness is defined as "Any of various conditions characterized by impairment of an individual's normal cognitive, emotional, or behavioral functioning, and caused by social, psychological, biochemical, genetic, or other factors, such as infection or head trauma." Some of the more common illnesses experienced by inmates on death row may include:
		Since untreated brain disorders can cause individuals to act in inappropriate or criminal ways, certain aspects of mental illness, such as a defendant's diminished capacity to appreciate the criminality of his conduct, and to conform his conduct to the requirements of the law, are codified as mitigating factors in capital cases.
		Colburn's mental illness was even acknowledged by the trial prosecutor in his opening statement: "You are going to hear evidence that the defendant is a paranoid schizophrenic...You will hear evidence that he's heard voices and you are going to see him on tape.
	www.aclu.org /capital/mentalillness/10617pub20050131.html (2328 words)

	BBC News \| HEALTH \| Insurers 'biased' against mentally ill
		People with a history of mental illness are facing unfair discrimination from insurance companies, according to a leading charity.
		The mental health charity Mind says it has been surprised to find that many people were denied insurance or had exemptions placed on them because they have a history of mental health problems.
		Mental health experts say one in three people will be affected by a mental health problem in their lifetime.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/358776.stm (741 words)

	History of Mental Illness and Psychopathology in Psychology 101 at AllPsych Online
		To remedy this, many individuals suffering from mental illness were tortured in an attempt to drive out the demon.
		It was during this time period that "madness" began to be seen as an illness beyond the control of the person rather than the act of a demon.
		This chapter will discuss the various ways mental illness is classified as well as the effects of mental illness on the individual and society.
	allpsych.com /psychology101/psychopathology.html (290 words)

	Mental Illness History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		A pivotal point in the history of the mental illness was the Civil War.
		Reflecting the changes in the treatment of the mentally ill brought about by drug therapy, and state and federal public policies in the 1960s’ state institutions changed their procedures resembling the previous moral management revolution. There was an emphasis on protecting the human rights of the mental patients that had historically been overlooked.
		The number of patients in mental institutions in the United States was reduced to 100,000 by 1986.
	www.ohiou.edu /~ridges/history.html (2029 words)

	BBC News \| Health \| Religion tackles mental illness
		The Religion and Severe Mental Illness Conference aims to "raise awareness of the issue of mental illness as the proper concern of religious leaders and those involved in or associated with religion".
		The belief that spirits cause mental illness by invading an individual is common to all the major religions.
		But now Muslims in developed western countries have adopted the views of science, that mental illness is a function of the body, and is caused by genes and chemical activity in the brain, he said.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/health/321622.stm (854 words)

	Catholic Community Forum Discussion Groups - Would a history of mental illness prohibit one from being a religious? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		Mental illness can also be a factor in the validity of Marriage.
		If one has had mental illness and is completely recovered (for a sufficient period of time to suggest that it is a permanent recovery) and one's psychological testing and evaluation confirms this, there probably are some communities who would consider the candidate.
		I would not be surprised, however, given the misunderstanding of mental illness in our society generally and the unfortunate stigma it still carries, that those attitudes would be present in the cloister as well and candidates with a history of mental illness would be rejected as a matter of course.
	www.catholic-forum.com /forums/showthread.php?p=67068#post67068 (1380 words)

	Mental illness tough to prove in court
		The public will be hearing plenty about mental illness and the law in coming months, as prosecutors and defense attorneys gear up to tackle two high-profile cases.
		One involves Richard Baumhammers, the white Mt. Lebanon lawyer with a history of mental illness who is accused of killing five people and wounding one in a shooting spree targeting ethnic minorities.
		According to the state code, a person who waives his right to a trial may be found guilty but mentally ill. However, in order to accept the plea, the judge must examine all reports and hold a hearing on the sole issue of mental illness.
	www.post-gazette.com /regionstate/20000507insanity8.asp (1139 words)

	Suicide Risk Linked to Family History
		And people who had a family history of psychiatric illness that required hospital admission had a 50% higher risk of suicide, but only among those who didn't already have a history of mental illness themselves.
		Researchers say the findings show that a family history of suicide or serious mental illness independently affect the risk of suicide, and the effects are strongest when combined.
		Researchers say the number of suicides linked to family history would likely be even larger if suicides of extended relatives, familial suicide attempts, or other mental disorders that did not result in hospitalization were included in their analysis.
	www.webmd.com /content/article/52/49926.htm (347 words)

	Psychological Therapies
		Hippocrates, in particular, believed that mental disorders were caused by an imbalance of the body's fluids or humors - blood, bile, phlegm, and water.
		In involuntary possession, it was believed that the victim was seized by the devil as a punishment for sin and became mentally ill. Priests provided treatment by attempting to coax out the evil spirits through exorcism rituals such as praying, laying on of hands, scaring out the devil with curses, threats, and so on.
		Some history texts on psychopathology point out that a disproportionate number of mentally ill women, rather than men, were killed in Europe during these centuries.
	web.umr.edu /~pfyc212b/Therapy.htm (2470 words)

	On how to influence those with a history of mental illness \| Samizdata.net
		A man, who police say has a history of mental illness, is being held in connection with the attacks.
		IIRC, mental illness was defined as being outside the curve for standard mental behavior.
		As to if mental illness is to blame for these episodes, the science is rather inconclusive, having been stark raving mad myself, and having never done anything to harm another soul, Even I can't tell you what goes on the mind of a menatlly ill person who does these things,
	www.samizdata.net /blog/archives/007079.html (6120 words)

	Mental illness - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Mental health is as important as physical health to the overall well-being of individuals, societies and countries.
		On-line supportive therapy from advocate mental health organizations have helped to educate and eliminate much of the stigma and shame they have felt in their aloneness to continue their journey from shame and isolation to dignity and responsibility by encouraging them to receive treatment and therapy.
		Mental illness diagnosis by DSM and ICD
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Mental_illness (3435 words)

	Percy Walton - Mental Illness - the International Justice Project
		Despite ample evidence of his mental illness, he pled guilty to three capital murder charges, and was sentenced to three death sentences, three life sentences, and a term of 28 years.
		It is important to note that Walton has a family history of mental illness on both his father’s and mother’s side.
		He concluded that the illness began around 16, and was probably precipitated by substance abuse, however the substance abuse would only speed up the symptoms, not create them.
	www.internationaljusticeproject.org /illnessPWalton.cfm (883 words)

	deseretnews.com \| Defense expert: Mitchell has long history of mental illness
		Stephen Golding's testimony came on the second day of hearings to determine whether Brian David Mitchell is mentally competent to stand trial on charges that he and his wife, Wanda Barzee, kidnapped the then-14-year-old at knifepoint in 2002 to keep her as his second wife.
		Noel Gardner, a mental health expert for the prosecution, has determined Mitchell is fit to stand trial, but won't be able to take the stand until the hearing continues March 11.
		A psychologist had recommended he be treated at the state hospital for mental illness, but his family rejected the conclusion.
	deseretnews.com /dn/view/0,1249,600112816,00.html (671 words)

	About the Mental Health Association of the Heartland
		Witchcraft and demonic possession were common explanations for mental illness.
		There were approximately 24 hospitalsâ“totaling only 2,561 bedsâ“available for treating mental illness in the United States.
		Electrotherapy (applying electric current to the brain) was first used in American hospitals to treat mental illnesses.
	www.mhah.org /about.aspx?id=185 (489 words)

	National Mental Health Association Fact Sheet: Mental Illness and the Family:Stigma: Building Awareness And ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		However, researchers have determined that many mental illnesses are probably the result of chemical imbalances in the brain.
		A mental illness is a disease that causes mild to severe disturbances in thinking, perception and behavior.Â If these disturbances significantly impair a personâs ability to cope with lifeâs ordinary demands and routines, then he or she should immediately seek proper treatment with a mental health professional.
		Many mental illnesses are believed to have biological causes, just like cancer, diabetes and heart disease, but some mental disorders are caused by a personâs environment and experiences.
	www.nmha.org /infoctr/factsheets/14.cfm (933 words)

	NRTC - Get the Facts - Question 4 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		While only four percent of the U.S. population has a serious mental illness, five to six times as many people who are homeless (20-25%) have serious mental illnesses.
		Their diagnoses include the most personally disruptive and serious mental illnesses, including severe, chronic depression; bipolar disorder; schizophrenia; schizoaffective disorders; and severe personality disorders.
		Their mental illness symptoms as well as the hygiene problems associated with homelessness result in many untreated physical health problems such as respiratory infections, dermatologic problems, and risk of exposure to HIV and TB.
	www.nrchmi.samhsa.gov /facts/facts_question_3.asp (633 words)

	Briefing Paper: Homicide and Severe Mental Illness
		Most of the decrease is thought to be caused by (a) increased incarceration rates of career criminals; (b) fewer drug-related homicides, because of increased organization of the cocaine distribution; and (c) demographic factors, especially an aging population.
		On the other hand, since 1988, public psychiatric services for individuals with mental illnesses have continued to deteriorate, and there are now many more such individuals who have been released from state psychiatric hospitals and who are not being treated.
		Since homicides by severely mentally ill individuals were being anecdotally reported throughout the United States, in rural areas as well as in urban areas, it was assumed that the Washington metropolitan area was representative of the entire United States.
	www.psychlaws.org /BriefingPapers/BP11.htm (821 words)

	In a Nutshell ~ History of Mental Illness-pt1
		The mentally ill were accused of having succumbed to spells, incantations and of having committed many sinful offences and crimes.
		The few doctors who tried to convince the authorities and general public that the "insane" were mentally ill, and sick people who needed attention and care were ridiculed.
		During the 18th and 19th centuries, hospitals and asylums assumed the care of the mentally ill. The first hospital to accept and treat mentally ill patients was the Pennsylvania Hospital founded by the Quakers in 1752.
	www.suite101.com /article.cfm/mental_health/24473/2 (307 words)

	Amnesty International USA: Death Penalty
		The execution of those with mental illness or "the insane" is clearly prohibited by international law.
		Constitutional protections for those with other forms of mental illness are minimal, however, and numerous prisoners have been executed despite suffering from serious mental illness.
		On January 25, 2005 Troy Kunkle was executed in Texas although he suffered from schizophrenia and had a family history of mental illness.
	www.amnestyusa.org /abolish/mental_illness.html (442 words)

	Are Creativity and Mental Illness Linked? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		However, many people do believe that artists are more likely than others to be mentally ill. Many well-known artists, writers and musicians had a history of mental illness, in some cases leading to suicide.
		She found that 80% of the writers said they had experienced either manic-depressive illness or major depression, while only 30% of the people in noncreative jobs said they had.
		Despite the pain of mental illness, some people with mood disorders avoid treatments because of potential side effects, such as mental sluggishness.
	talentdevelop.com /Page91.html (969 words)

	A brief history of mental illness
		Hippocrates treats mental illness as a problem of the body rather than a punishment sent by the Gods.
		Normal ovaries are removed to treat 'mental madness' and 'hysterical vomiting' in some women.
		A move away from asylums, mental institutions and hospitals to community-based healthcare.
	www.wellcome.ac.uk /doc_WTD024043.html (166 words)

	stigma, media ethics, and mental illness (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		When the assailant was eventually captured (and convicted), and it was discovered that he had never been diagnosed with or treated for a mental illness, and wasn't even homeless, none of the papers retracted their allegations nor offered an apology.
		Our history books tell of a similar era less than two generations ago, when "the mentally-ill" were the first group of people to lose their rights in Nazi Germany, and within a decade everyone else had lost their rights.
		Because of widely accepted media stereotypes about mental patients and the long-standing practice of diagnosing violent criminals as suffering from any number of mental illnesses, the unavoidable conclusion is that mental illness is synonymous with violence.
	www.cinemaniastigma.com (5206 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-09-10)
		While serious mental illnesses might shorten your life span, a person who used a medication when feeling blue or who has sought treatment for depression after a tragedy isn't usually considered a significant risk for a life insurer.
		Also, the combination of certain mental illnesses with other risk factors can be highly troubling to life insurers.
		For those with mental illness, who have undergone successful treatment and have their condition under control, affordable life insurance might be readily available.
	info.insure.com /life/mentalillness.html (912 words)

	Man accused of threatening to blow up plane has history of mental illness \| wkyc.com
		According to court records, he has a history of mental problems.
		According to an FBI affidavit, Lu handed a note to a flight attendant saying he had a bomb in his bag, and demanded to be flown to Australia.
		An agent wrote that it was apparent that Lu was suffering from mental problems and admitted previous hospitalizations for mental illness.
	www.wkyc.com /news/news_fullstory.asp?id=14502 (215 words)

	Court Allows Bar Admission for Lawyer with History of Schizophrenia
		His illness strained the family's relationship and ultimately led to his becoming homeless.
		Finding no evidence in the file suggesting that Munsiff's history of mental illness would affect his ability to perform his duties as an attorney, his lawyers argued that the denial was discriminatory under Title II of the Americans with Disabilities Act.
		This 'Mental Health E-News' posting is a service of the New York Ass'n of Psychiatric Rehabilitation Services, a statewide coalition of people who use and/or provide community mental health services dedicated to improving services and social conditions for people with psychiatric disabilities by promoting their recovery, rehabilitation and rights.
	www.namiscc.org /News/2003/Winter/LawyerWithSchizophrenia.htm (734 words)

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