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Topic: History of secret police forces

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	Secret police - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Secret police forces are typically associated with totalitarian regimes, as their activities are not transparent to the public, their primary purpose is to maintain the political power of the state rather than uphold the rule of law, and they have often been used as an instrument of political repression.
		Secret police forces may be contrasted with the domestic security agencies found in modern liberal democratic states, which are generally subject to government regulation, reporting requirements and other accountability measures.
		Secret police forces in dictatorships and totalitarian states usually use violence and acts of terror to suppress political opposition and dissent, and may use death squads to carry out assassinations and "disappearances".
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Secret_police (936 words)

	secret police. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		In extreme cases such a secret police force may even have its own courts and prisons, and its activities are kept secret not only from the mass of the population but also from the legislative, judiciary, and executive authorities of the state, except at the topmost level.
		Some argue that secret police forces have always been primarily concerned with the security of the state and that they are invariably created by governmental action, but this is not the case.
		Among the earliest secret police forces organized along modern lines were the Venetian Inquisition (see Ten, Council of) and the Oprichina of Czar Ivan IV of Russia.
	www.bartleby.com /65/se/secretpo.html (1491 words)

	Secret service - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Because of both the secrecy of secret services and the controversial nature of the issues involved, there is some difficulty in separating the definitions of secret service, secret police, intelligence agency etc. For instance a country may establish a secret service which has some policing powers (such as surveillance) but not others.
		A secret police may also be said to be a secret service.
		The British secret intelligence service, MI6, is sometimes referred to as a "secret service" and indeed prefaces documents with OHMSS, for On Her Majesty's Secret Service, a phrase immortalized by the James Bond book and film of the same name.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Secret_service (230 words)

	Virginia State Police History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Virginia State Police was conceived with the passing of The Automobile Acts which stated that the Commissioner of Motor Vehicles and his assistants are vested with the powers of sheriff for the purpose of enforcing the provisions of this law.
		Police cruisers were powered with high performance engines and other equipment designed to attain high speed to pursue and overtake those exceeding the speed limit of 60 mph.
		Training of State Police personnel, police officers of cities, counties and towns, sheriffs and their deputies was accomplished on frequent and a continuing basis.
	www.vsp.state.va.us /history.htm (12092 words)

	Police History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Under kin policing, the family of the offended individual was expected to assume responsibility for justice by capturing, branding, or mutilating the offender.
		Vollmer was the police chief for Berkeley, California from 1905 to 1932.
		Community policing focuses on decay, which are the physical signs of disorder (broken windows), involving police in such things as graffiti removal, beautification, and quality of life concerns.
	faculty.ncwc.edu /toconnor/205/205lect04.htm (5093 words)

	America's (global) Secret Police
		American Secret Police agents are unbalanced according to American values and social norms, and, as a consequence, resentful to the point of being able to inflict injury or revenge on the American society in the form of state sponsored torture.
		There are a few who will eventually come to terms with reality and leave the secret police death squad, but, as with the common street gang 'once a member always a member' and thus he or she will find difficult breaking out of the cycle of violence and coming out into the light.
		However the secret police should be aware, for this advanced technology being used against innocent people will be the same used to expose their state sponsored terrorism.
	home.tiscali.be /hexagonal/state_terrorism_01.htm (3073 words)

	SECRET SERVICE, OR SECRET POLICE?
		The secret police in Italy during Mussolini's 1940's reign were scandalous, but a more extreme and vicious example was that of Germany's secret police under Adolf Hitler.
		The genesis of the German secret police began in the SS, the Schutzstaffel (the defense branch), and was created as Hitler's personal bodyguards under the SA (the military arm of the Nazi party), within the SD, or Sicherheitsdienst (the security service), which was organized in 1931 as the intelligence branch of the SS.
		Only the world's most despotic governments have resorted to the use of secret police, always under the auspices of national or state security, when in reality, it was nothing more than a desperate attempt to maintain dictatorial control.
	www.apfn.net /messageboard/05-05-04/discussion.cgi.7.html (676 words)

	Cossacks history
		They have their own national history, their own way of life, their traditions and usages, their particular linguistic originality, the proud knowledge of their part in shaping the destiny of humanity, and the inner consciousness that they are a separate ethnic and social group.
		Forced to relinquish their sovereignty to the Czars of Russia, the Cossacks managed to retain semi-autonomy; within the borders of their eleven provinces they were independent.
		When Hitler's forces were beaten, these Cossacks, for the second time in the course of a man's life, had to drop everything, lose all they had created in the over twenty years of exile, and flee again before the advancing Reds.
	www.armymuseum.ru /kaz1_e.html (8984 words)

	Battlefield:Vietnam \| History
		Nationalist forces under the direction of General Vo Nguyen Giap trounced the allied French troops at the remote mountain outpost of Dien Bien Phu in the northwest corner of Vietnam.
		The more these forces attacked Diem's troops and secret police, the more Diem complained that the Communists were trying to take South Vietnam by force.
		The secret negotiations began in the spring of 1968 in Paris and soon it was made public that Americans and Vietnamese were meeting to discuss an end to the long and costly war.
	www.pbs.org /battlefieldvietnam/history/index.html (3160 words)

	secret police: The Evolution of Secret Police Forces
		secret police: The Evolution of Secret Police Forces
		, Germany became a police state, a state where the power of the police, and especially the secret police, over security and justice was tyrannically applied with virtually no procedural checks.
		The German secret police had its genesis in the SS, or
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/society/A0861010.html (1175 words)

	NKVD.ORG: The Memorial Page --- НКВД.OРГ: САЙТ ВОСПОМИНАНИЯ
		With the end of the civil war and the resulting period of stabilization, the Cheka was transformed, on 8 February 1922, into the GPU (State Political Directorate) which was subordinated to the NKVD.
		The reformed MVD retained its traditional policing and internal security functions while the new KGB took on the state security functions of the MGB.
		The KGB was subordinated to the USSR Council of Ministers, the Soviet Cabinet.
	www.nkvd.org /en/history.html (637 words)

	Mother And 3 Kids Murdered In Iraq, Police: Killers Slit Throats Of Family Believed To Have Given U.S. Information - ...
		The mother's sister was also slain in the savage attack, which occurred in an apartment the southern city of Basra, police said.
		It was the third fatality among Salvadoran soldiers since the Central American nation sent forces there in 2003.
		On Tuesday, the United Nations said nearly 6,000 civilians were slain across Iraq in May and June, a spike in deaths that coincided with rising sectarian attacks across the country.
	cbsnews.com /track/rss/stories/2003/02/24/iraq/main541815.shtml?... (1182 words)

	secret police
		secret police, policing organization operating in secrecy for the political purposes of its government, often with terroristic procedures.
		secret police: The Nature of a Secret Police - The Nature of a Secret Police Enforcement of the law has required, in nearly all societies, a...
		secret police: The Evolution of Secret Police Forces - The Evolution of Secret Police Forces Some argue that secret police forces have always been...
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/society/A0844264.html (129 words)

	US Secret Police Forces (SSB) Involved in Colorado Lodge Blast
		This is the first instance, to our knowledge, that the American SSB has begun their long expected reign of terror upon the American people with this past weekends bombing in the United States Region of Colorado of a small village named Paonia, and of which 3 children were murdered.
		To the power of this new American secret police unit, the SSB, to follow only those laws they choose, or none at all, is again a repeat of their Nazi counterparts, and as we can read about them from the British History Learning Site, and which says:
		All local police units had to draw up a list of people in their locality who might be suspected of being "Enemies of the State".
	www.infowars.com /articles/ps/ssb_involved_in_lodge_blast.htm (957 words)

	US occupation force in Iraq recruiting former Iraqi secret police (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Mukhabarat was charged with surveillance of state agencies (army, secret police, government bureaucracy) and non-governmental organisations (religious, women’s, and labor movements) in Iraq, as well as foreign spying, notably on Syria, Iran, Saudi Arabia, Turkey and the US.
		It evolved in 1973 from the Jihaz al Khas secret police, headed by Saddam Hussein between 1964 and 1966.
		Given the cloak of secrecy that hangs over US attempts to resurrect the Iraqi secret police, it is difficult to state precisely what role these forces would play in the US occupation.
	www.wsws.org /articles/2003/aug2003/iraq-a26.shtml (1166 words)

	Unfathomed Dangers in PATRIOT Act Reauthorization - by Paul Craig Roberts
		It is part of the general pattern of misguided policy that our country is now geared to an arms economy which was bred in an artificially induced psychosis of war hysteria and nurtured upon an incessant propaganda of fear.
		The new police are empowered to "make arrests without warrant for any offense against the United States committed in their presence, or for any felony cognizable under the laws of the United States if they have reasonable grounds to believe that the person to be arrested has committed or is committing such felony."
		The new police are assigned a variety of jurisdictions, including "an event designated under section 3056(e) of title 18 as a special event of national significance" (SENS).
	www.antiwar.com /roberts/?articleid=8434 (672 words)

	Communist Secret Police: NKVD
		After the Second World War the Communist Secret Police was renamed the Committee for State Security (KGB).
		In 1933 Victor Serge was taken to the headquarters of the Communist Secret Police.
		Wild inventions and monstrous accusations had become an end in themselves, and officials of the secret police applied all their ingenuity to them, as though reveling in the total arbitrariness of their power.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /RUSnkvd.htm (2730 words)

	SAVAK [Ministry of Security] Iran Intelligence Agencies
		With training focused on domestic security and interrogation, the primary purpose of the intelligence unit, headed by General Teymur Bakhtiar, was to eliminate threats to Shah.
		Bakhtiar was appointed its first director, only to be dismissed in 1961, allegedly for organizing a coup; he was assassinated in 1970 under mysterious circumstances, probably on the shah's direct order.
		HISTORY OF MOJAHEDIN [Foreign Affairs Committee of the National Council of Resistance of Iran ]
	fas.org /irp/world/iran/savak (992 words)

	Maureen Farrell: Tired of Being Lied to? Modern History You Can't Afford to Ignore
		In 1957, the CIA creates SAVAK, the Shah of Iran's secret police force, which routinely relies on torture -- using the same interrogation techniques the CIA imported from the Nazis.
		Comparing the Vietnamese struggle to the one faced by post-colonial Americans and assuring American mothers that their sons are dying for a noble cause, Johnson also promises, "We shall stay the course." LBJ's words are later echoed in President George W. Bush's defense of the war in Iraq.
		The plan gives federal forces power to "put down" "disruptive elements" and calls for "deadly force to be used against any extremist or dissident perpetrating any and all forms of civil disorder." In the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina in 2005, soldiers are instructed to "shoot to kill" looters in New Orleans.
	www.buzzflash.com /farrell/05/11/far05001.html (3989 words)

	AlterNet: Rumsfeld's Police Secret (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The summary notes that 75,844 Iraqis were on the payroll as police officers, but only 2,865 were fully qualified and on duty.
		Add up the active and fully trained Iraqi police, border personnel and military forces, and the number of Iraq security troops is 6,114.
		When Bush addressed the poor performance of the Iraqi security forces by vowing to supply them with better training and equipment, he was going along with Rumsfeld's sleight of hand, suggesting that there are significant ready-to-roll Iraqi security forces that can be improved.
	www.alternet.org /story.html?StoryID=18536 (1384 words)

	BBC NEWS \| World \| Europe \| Serbia's 'elite' enemy within
		The Serbian Government has announced that it is disbanding the elite police force, the Special Operations Unit (JSO) with immediate effect.
		To reduce the immediate danger, police checkpoints have been erected on the roads leading to the Red Berets' base in Kula, and army planes have reportedly overflown the area.
		In addition, the police have a special anti-terrorist unit, the SAJ, which over the years has functioned independently of the Red Berets.
	news.bbc.co.uk /1/hi/world/europe/2888943.stm (789 words)

	Gypsy & Willy - The Original Libertarian Bloggers
		He had discovered during his reading of history that quite a few Americans were not in favor of going to war against Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan during World War II...the last of the "just" wars.
		The Democrats on the "left," and Joe McCarthy's forces on the "right" resorted to smear tactics and semi-legal suppression rather than the force of law and police power to suppress dissidence.
		So those billions and billions of dollars squandered on the drug wars really have "worked." They have allowed the perverted drug warriors to build giant empires, complete with armies of brutal thugs to enforce their will, whatever that might be.
	www.dreamagic.com /bruce/willy43.html (1737 words)

	Special Forces May Train Assassins, Kidnappers in Iraq - Newsweek The War in Iraq - MSNBC.com
		Following that model, one Pentagon proposal would send Special Forces teams to advise, support and possibly train Iraqi squads, most likely hand-picked Kurdish Peshmerga fighters and Shiite militiamen, to target Sunni insurgents and their sympathizers, even across the border into Syria, according to military insiders familiar with the discussions.
		It remains unclear, however, whether this would be a policy of assassination or so-called "snatch" operations, in which the targets are sent to secret facilities for interrogation.
		Historically, Special Forces’ intelligence gathering has been limited to objectives directly related to upcoming military operations—"preparation of the battlefield," in military lingo.
	www.msnbc.msn.com /id/6802629/site/newsweek (1340 words)

	[No title]
		North Korea has put its armed forces on a state of alert since it test-fired missiles two weeks ago, but today reports are coming out that North Korea issued a wartime alert, its highest order of mobilization for its armed forces, equipment and civilians short of war.
		Although alleged to be part of "routine" maneuvers, the appearance of the Aircraft Carrier "Enterprise" and her support group, Carrier Strike Group 12, comes at a time when the United States is supposedly pursuing a diplomatic resolution to the North Korean situation.
		A well trained and equipped police force is absolutely necessary to ensure the safety and security of those other facilities.
	www.atsnn.com (1977 words)

	Amazon.com: The File: A Personal History (Vintage): Books: Timothy Garton Ash (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		History of the Present: Essays, Sketches, and Dispatches from Europe in the 1990s (Vintage) by Timothy Garton Ash
		The author went to Berlin to study in 1978 and soon came under the scrutiny of the Stasi, the notorious East German secret police.
		Reading his Stasi file (made available after German unification) forces Ash to remember incidents from his past and reveals to him the identities of numerous Stasi informants -- some of whom were his friends.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0679777857?v=glance (2328 words)

	Barbie's Secret
		Since then, she has broken the glass ceiling into dozens of other wardrobe-appropriate occupations, including police officer, ballerina, NASCAR race driver, astronaut and Air Force jet pilot.
		She became a physician in the mid-70s and has since had careers as a surgical nurse, surgeon, dentist and pediatrician.
		She graduated from college, purchased numerous pieces of real estate, owned franchises, ventured into several male-dominated careers, served in the armed forces, traveled the world and surrounded herself with multi-ethnic friends -- all with the same true boyfriend.
	groups.msn.com /BarbiesSecret/thehistoryofbarbie.msnw (737 words)

	Rumsfeld's Police Secret
		June 27, 2003: "The Iraqi police force is being developed.
		October 21, 2003: "...the coalition has trained some 85,000 Iraqi forces in just over five months: 55,000 police, 6,500 border guards, 18,700 are serving in the facilities protection service, a 700-man battalion in the new Iraqi Army, and 4,700 in the new Iraqi civil defense corps.
		And 95 percent of that force comprised security guards and civil defense members--not the front-line forces.
	www.thenation.com /doc/20040510/cornjones (1536 words)

	Secret Police Files Found, Marines Uncover Archives Of Saddam's Feared Internal Security - CBS News
		Under the headquarters of the Special Security Organization, run by Saddam's most trusted son, Qusay, the Marines found a massive complex of offices over an area the size of two football fields, littered with millions of documents — detailed records that stretch back more than three decades.
		In just one room were files for a million souls — their pictures, personal details, and entire history recorded in minute, chilling detail, reports CBS News Correspondent Lara Logan.
		U.S. Marines expanding their hold on Baghdad came upon a prize — the headquarters of Saddam Hussein's secret police.
	www.cbsnews.com /stories/2003/04/12/iraq/main549060.shtml (533 words)

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