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| | Software Engineering |
 | | Software engineering is necessary for large projects, multiple subsystems, teams of developers and safety-critical systems for they are featured by complexity, conformity, changeability and invisibility. |
 | | Before 60’s, there was no form for software, as soon as the bounds on what computer can do diminished, software engineering aspirated by chronic failures of large software project and evolved through structured programming, functional decomposition, structured analysis and design, data-centered paradigm and object-oriented paradigm. |
 | | The software engineering has advanced lots over the past three decades, it follows IT technologies step by step and evolving itself along; Today’s trends strong on qualitative breakthroughs, such as quantification, cause-effect modeling, and process orientation. |
| www.comphist.org /computing_history/new_page_13.htm (920 words) |
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