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Topic: History of the French Navy

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	French Navy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Frigate division of the French Navy in Toulon harbour
		The French navy is affectionately known as La Royale ("the Royal"), for its traditional attachment to the monarchy; it is to be noted that some of the greatest heroes of the First Republic were in the French Navy (Luc-Julien-Joseph Casabianca, Robert Surcouf, Latouche-Tréville).
		French naval authorities were divided on their response: Amiral Jean de Laborde, the commander of the Forces de Haute Mer (the High Seas Fleet) advocated sailing to attack the Allied invasion fleet while others, such as the Vichy Secretary of the Navy, Contre-Amiral Auphan favoured joining the Allies.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/French_Navy (1113 words)

	French Navy Web Page
		The French naval success at the Second Battle of the Virginia Capes in September 1781 was ‘the keystone' of the Yorktown Campaign, and provides dramatic testimony of the French Navy's contribution to the American cause in that theater of operations.
		It was the French navy that achieved a dominance in possession of the vital West Indian islands that were the life line in logistical support of the Americans.
		However, as important as the North American theater was, the French Navy forced the British to fight a global war that reached from the Hudson Bay to the Indian Ocean, from Newfoundland to the northen coast of South America and western coast of Africa.
	xenophongroup.com /mcjoynt/marine.htm (6570 words)

	Continental Period
		Although a small effective navy might have been a source of national pride and an international display of nationhood, most congressmen were understandably less than eager, given the rather mixed record of the Continental navy, to embark on an expensive naval program.
		Since the bulk of the French navy was blockaded in its home ports by the Royal Navy, the prospect of a limited U.S. naval response to depredations primarily in the Caribbean appeared to be realistic.
		When the negotiations with the French collapsed, in what has become known as the XYZ Affair, Congress between 1798 and 1800 passed a series of bills expanding the navy to a force of more than thirty ships and, on 30 April 1798, passed an act that established the independent executive Department of the Navy.
	www.history.navy.mil /history/history2.htm (4463 words)

	Dahl (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		History has not been kind to the Jeune École; historians of the French Navy have generally neglected it, while scholars of technology and military affairs typically give it little credit for innovative thinking or positive influence.
		Although the French Navy was much larger than the German fleet, a combination of poor planning, lack of amphibious capability, and operational mistakes meant that the French had been unable to achieve their wartime objectives of destroying the German ironclads, blockading the German coast, and landing an army corps.
		The debate between reformists and conservatives became instead one between radicals and reactionaries; to the end of the century the French Navy was torn by bitter debates among officers, in the press, and in parliament.
	www.nwc.navy.mil /press/Review/2005/autumn/art6-a05.htm (10958 words)

	AGE OF SAIL - SOURCES
		["History of the Naval Battle of Trafalgar, Preceded by the Rebirth of the Spanish Navy during the 18th Century"].
		Standard history of the naval warfare in the Baltic in the Age of Sail.
		History of naval warfare in the eastern Mediterranean from @1500-1900.
	ageofsail.org /sources.html (2681 words)

	The Complete Military History Of France
		In a war whose ending foreshadows the next 2000 years of French history, France is conquered by of all things, an Italian.
		French Revolution - Won, primarily due the fact that the opponent was also French.
		Thousands of French women find out what it's like to not only sleep with a winner, but one who doesn't call her "Fraulein." Sadly, widespread use of condoms by American forces forestalls any improvement in the French bloodline.
	www.code7r.org /Bintoons/allies3.htm (541 words)

	How Many Men Are In The French Navy? (About Half): Nuclear aircraft carrier a floating French joke [Free Republic] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In January 1919, a French army team from the 137th Infantry Regiment, searching a particular part of the battlefield at Verdun for the remains of their comrades who had fallen during the desperate fighting there almost three years earlier, made a startling discovery.
		The French authorities decided to leave the bodies where they were as a symbol of the heroism of those men.
		The French have about as many good generals and tacticians and planners as we have honest politicians in D.C. The individual soldiers are capable of outstanding acts of bravery and sacrifice but their memory and honor is tarnished by the stupidity and corruption of their leaders.
	www.freerepublic.com /forum/a37c7200d3417.htm (3009 words)

	French Navy
		After the First World War the French Navy concentrated on producing fast, well-armed but thinly armoured cruisers that could defend the coasts of France.
		By the outbreak of the Second World War the French Navy was a strong force.
		After the Vichy government surrendered what was left of the French Navy (4 battleships, 9 cruisers and 11 destroyers) saw action in the Mediterranean, Indochina and the Far East before the end of the Second World War.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWnavyFr.htm (277 words)

	Amazon.com: The Oxford History of the French Revolution: Books: William Doyle (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Beginning with the accession of Louis XVI in 1774, William Doyle traces the history of France through revolution, terror, and counter-terror, to the triumph of Napoleon in 1802, along the way analyzing the impact of these events in France upon the rest of Europe.
		The French Revolution is one of the most important events in modern history, went on for the better part of a decade, involved a large number of significant personages, has complex political, social, economic, and ideological dimensions, has generated a huge literature, and interpretation has been controversial often.
		Doyle presents the Revolution as a highly contingent event precipitated by the fiscal collapse of the French Monarchy, exacerbated by recent history of economic difficulties due to irregular and often poor harvests in France in the decade prior to the Revolution.
	www.amazon.com /exec/obidos/tg/detail/-/0192852213?v=glance (2008 words)

	French Lines Collections
		French Lines has reunited a large collection of these posters which the Association is constantly building on.
		The priority actions of French Lines aim to present the collections to the general public in exhibition centres in the main French ports where the history of these companies took place.
		French Lines collections may also be presented in other port towns such as Dunkerque, Marseille, Bordeaux with whom identical steps have been initiated.
	www.frenchlines.com /collections_en.php (3059 words)

	French Navy - (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Image:Napoleon(1850).jpg Image:Gloire.jpg Image:Plongeur.jpg During the 19th century the French Navy, eager to challenge British naval supremacy, took a leadership role in many areas of warship development, with the introduction of new technologies:
		Image:CuirasseRichelieu.jpg In November, 1942, the Allies invaded French North Africa.
		The French Navy is undertaking a significant reinforcement, both in modernising and in number, under the Projet de loi de programmation militaire 2003-2008 ("Military programme law project 2003-2008")[2], which notably calls for: Image:Gaule96.jpg
	psychcentral.com /psypsych/French_navy (1125 words)

	History - Faculty
		Impact of the French Revolution on France's Caribbean colonies, especially in the Lesser Antilles
		the history of the French navy during the Revolutionary period; French provincial politics during the Revolution
		Admiral Trogoff and the Surrender of the Toulon Fleet in 1793," Proceedings, Western Society for French History, 20, 177-187
	www.uoguelph.ca /history/faculty/cormack.shtml (275 words)

	Amelia Earhart
		Earhart's name became a household word in 1932 when she became the first woman--and second person--to fly solo across the Atlantic, on the fifth anniversary of Charles Lindbergh's feat, flying a Lockheed Vega from Harbor Grace, Newfoundland to Londonderry, Ireland.
		That year, she received the Distinguished Flying Cross from the Congress, the Cross of Knight of the Legion of Honor from the French Government, and the Gold Medal of the National Geographic Society from President Hoover.
		A coordinated search by the Navy and Coast Guard was organized and no physical evidence of the flyers or their plane was ever found.
	www.history.navy.mil /faqs/faq3-1.htm (775 words)

	French Overseas Territories Essai (Pattern) coins
		The arms of French Guyana is on the obverse of both the 1 1/2 Euro and 20 Euro.
		The Ville de Paris was the flagship of the French fleet that blocked the English fleet from the Yorktown Peninsula in Chesapeake Bay during the closing days of the American Revolution.
		The Mimosa was sunk by a German submarine in June 1942, with a loss of 58 French sailors, a majority of which came from St. Pierre and Miquelon.
	www.joelscoins.com /frenchterr.htm (1832 words)

	French Frigate Shoals Aviation and Space History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The trip to French Frigate Shoals was part of an accelerated effort to set up scout patrol bases in the Pacific to counter Japanese expansion.
		What is also significant, regarding the theme of this web page, is that these men probably made the decision of build a runway on Tern and this photo could have been taken on that day.
		The Navy R4D had a range of about 1200 miles so the trip was no sweat.
	www.letarc.net /ffsavion (1171 words)

	French Navy
		A presentation of the men and ships of the French Navy.
		You will find there the characteristics of the vessels and aircrafts, the origin of their name, as well as pictures.
		WARNING : This site is in no way endorsed/supported/ratified/etc by the French Navy.The information containted in these pages has been taken mostly from military journals such as JANE'S and the page is maintained by Net-Marine as an interest.
	www.netmarine.net /eng (155 words)

	French Lines, french maritime history
		The object of the French Lines Association is to highlight the heritage of the French shipping lines, in particularly that of the Compagnie Générale Maritime and the Société Nationale Maritime Corse Méditerranée.
		Famous vessels have left their mark on this history such as the liner France™ and the liner Normandie™.
		The Association also develops a communication network with the organisations in possession of archives and collections concerning French shipping lines in order to make it easier for researches and other interested parties in France or abroad, to use them.
	www.frenchlines.com /index_en.php (231 words)

	Maritime Museum, Paris
		The Musée de la Marine in Paris documents the history of the French navy and merchant navy from the galley to the nuclear submarine.
		Its 13 rooms of pictures and models of ships and port installations, nautical equipment, old charts, figureheads, diving apparatus and much else present an excellent survey of seafaring history.
		Items of particular interest are a model of Columbus's "Santa Maria" (Room 1); the "Louis XV", a toy boat which belonged to the young king (Room 2); the "Valmy", the last sailing ship in the French navy.
	www.planetware.com /paris/maritime-museum-f-p-pcm.htm (184 words)

	The French Navy and the Seven Years' War - University of Nebraska Press (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		It is also the most complete survey of both phases of the war: the French and Indian War in North America (1754—60) and the Seven Years’ War in Europe (1756—63), which are almost always treated independently.
		As this history unfolds, it becomes clear that French policy was more consistent, logical, and successful than has previously been acknowledged, and that King Louis XV’s conduct of the war profoundly affected the outcome of America’s subsequent Revolutionary War.
		Jonathan R. Dull is a senior associate editor of The Papers of Benjamin Franklin series and author of the award-winning history The French Navy and American Independence: A Study of Arms and Diplomacy, 1774-1787.
	www.nebraskapress.unl.edu /bookinfo/4762.html (656 words)

	Category:French Navy - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		This is the category of all articles relating to the French Navy.
		The main article for this category is French Navy.
		There are 5 subcategories shown below (more may be shown on subsequent pages).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Category:French_Navy (80 words)

	History of the Paris Commune of 1871 by Lissagaray (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		History of the Paris Commune of 1871 by Lissagaray
		This ship had witnessed the most abominable acts perhaps that have sullied the history of the French navy.
		Merlin, who was radiant, at last obtained silence, and answered cavalierly, ‘I acknowledge that I made use of the expression of w ich the advocate spoke.
	www.marxists.org /history/france/archive/lissagaray/ch34.htm (3919 words)

	[No title]
		Un Meconnu de la Marine Francaise- The story of the French destroyer, Takou (ex-Hai-Ching of the Imperial Chinese Navy) Four destroyers were built for Imperial China by the German firm Schichau at Elbing.
		The Expedition to Egypt, Ships and History of the Revolution and the Empire- Gerard Piouffre continues his history of the French Navy by examining Napoleon’s initial plans to seize Egypt, preparation for the expedition, the departure of the fleet, the French seizure of Malta, and the seizure of Alexandria.
		The coverage is on 1918, a pivotal year in Russia with the signing of the Peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the start of the Russian Civil War, and the actions of Intervention forces.
	www.steelnavy.com /N&H10.htm (964 words)

	Jensen's Web Sources for Wars & World Military History
		The Mexican war: a history of its origin, and a detailed account of the victories which terminated in the surrender of the capital; with the official despatches of the generals.
		The war in Egypt and the Soudan; an episode in the history of the British Empire by Thomas Archer 1880s 4 vol.
		History of the war between Germany and France.
	tigger.uic.edu /~rjensen/military.html (6116 words)

	French Navy in Indochina; Author: Koburger, Charles W., Jr; Hardback; Book (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		French Navy in Indochina; Author: Koburger, Charles W., Jr; Hardback; Book
		Drawing on both English and recently published French language sources, this narrative history of the French Navy in Indochina from 1945 to 1954 offers a detailed account of the critical first ten years of the 30-year war in the maritime crossroads of South East Asia.
		Prices subject to change to be advised on confirmation of order.
	www.netstoreusa.com /hjbooks/027/0275938336.shtml (183 words)

	Government & Politics, Military, Navy, (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		To join the Historic Navy Ships web ring your web site must perpetuate the memory and history of a decommissioned naval vessel(s) from any nation.
		The Navy Ring, founded in April 1996, is dedicated to websites which contain information or images of naval vessels and equipment, plus pages which share the personal experiences of sailors.
		The International Naval Aviation - Fly Navy Ring is dedicated to maintain the bond of International Naval Aviation and its heritage of aircraft, air squadrons, warships and aicraft carriers, naval air stations, associations, men and women.
	dir.webring.com /rw?d=Government___Politics/Military/Navy (683 words)

	The Mother of All Maritime Links: Page 23 of 47
		Regia Marina Italiana (A pictorial history of the Royal Italian Navy between 1940 and 1943)
		Through Mighty Seas (The history of the merchant sailing ships of the North West of England and the Isle of Man from the late 1700's until WW I)
		The War at Sea 1939-1945 (The history of the Greek Navy during WW II)
	www.boat-links.com /linklists/boatlink-23.html (2507 words)

	Navy books of World War 1
		Jenkins, E H, A History of the French Navy
		The Russian Navy deserves more recognition for its sophisticated mining campaigns in both the Baltic and Black Seas, and its amphibious and carrier task force operations in the latter
		However, apart from their other uses, Jane's, especially the older ones are particularly interesting for their introductions to naval events, maps of naval bases, armament summaries and above all, I find, their advertisements.
	www.naval-history.net /WW1NavalBooks.htm (2885 words)

	Internet Modern History Sourcebook: French Revolution
		Contains considerable material in French on the Ancien Regime and the Revolution.
		The Tennis Court Oath, June 20, 1789 [At Clinch Valley College][With facsimiles of the Document]
		The threat that lead to the onset of the French Revolutionary wars.
	www.fordham.edu /halsall/mod/modsbook13.html (619 words)

	FRENCH NAVY
		Naval Art Catalogue showing over 270 naval ships of the Royal Navy, United States, German and Japanese Fleets between 1900 and 2004.
		Choose the navy of interest below and click on title:
		The History of the French Navy, shown in dedicated pages to each of the French battleships, cruisers and destroyer classes.
	www.battleships-cruisers.co.uk /french.htm (248 words)

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