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Topic: History of the German Democratic Republic

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	History of the German Democratic Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The German Democratic Republic (GDR), German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik (DDR), often known in English as East Germany, existed from 1949 to 1990.
		Five weeks after declaration of the western Federal Republic of Germany, on October 7, 1949, the DWK formed a provisional government and proclaimed establishment of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany).
		Instead the SED focused on the progressive heritage of German history, including Thomas Müntzer's role in the Peasants' War and the role played by the heroes of the class struggle during Prussia's industrialization.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_the_German_Democratic_Republic (5573 words)

	History of Latvia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		German sailors shipwrecked on the Daugava River in 1054 had inhabited the area, which led to increasing German influence.
		The onset of WWI brought German occupation of the western coastal province of Kurzeme, and Latvians heroically countered the invasion with the establishment of several regiments of riflemen commanded by Czarist generals.
		In opposition to this government and to the landed barons' German sympathies stood primarily the Latvian Provisional National Council and the Riga Democratic Bloc.
	www.historyofnations.net /europe/latvia.html (1906 words)

	German History - World War I & II - Adolf Hitler's Third Reich - Fall of the Berlin Wall
		The contest between the two states was fierce albeit unequal: The German Democratic Republic was forced to adopt the Communist system at odds with the national character and was never able to break free from being a satellite state of the Soviet Union.
		The Federal Republic considered itself to be the natural successor to the old Reich and was able to build and sustain a democratic society.
		A peaceful revolution toppled the German Democratic Republic's Communist regime leading to the downfall of the Berlin Wall celebrated in the most exciting party the city had ever seen: East Germans were welcomed with flowers and 'begruessungsgeld', a welcome gift of money to introduce them to capitalist joys like shopping, dining out and so on.
	www.about-germany.org /culture/history.php (520 words)

	German History
		History of Germany: This detailed history of Germany is taken from the Area Handbook of the US Library of Congress.
		Nazi and East German Propaganda: Propaganda was central to Nazi Germany and the German Democratic Republic.
		Nazi and East German Propaganda: Propaganda was central to Nazi Germany and the postwar German Democratic Republic.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /REVhistoryGerman.htm (2470 words)

	History of East Germany (1949 - 1990) - German Democratic Republic, GDR, DDR
		East Germany, officially the "German Democratic Republic" (GDR), in German "Deutsche Demokratische Republik" (DDR), was a Communist state that existed from 1949 to 1990 in the former Soviet occupation zone of Germany.
		The newly acquired land was organised in margravates, German feudal states on the land of Slavs.
		October 1990 the East German population was the first from the Eastern Bloc to join the European Union as a part of the reunified Federal Republic of Germany.
	www.germannotes.com /hist_east_overview.shtml (1075 words)

	II Journal: Responses to German Unification
		West Germans, Engler maintained, have not only failed to understand what East Germans lost in the process of reunification, but also to recognize that many of the skills East Germans acquired as "trained risk managers" and negotiators might have been tapped in welding the two societies together.
		All three speakers concurred that confronting and revising the history of East Germany is a vital prerequisite to forging a collective national identity embedded in democratic civic culture.
		Rewriting East Germany into the narratives of German history, recasting East German social identities to encompass the creative improvising, negotiating, and risk-managing that was required by the Communist system; rebuilding social networks amidst the landscape of dismantled factories, deserted downtowns, and abandoned daycare centers, will certainly spur on this process in the new German states.
	www.umich.edu /~iinet/journal/vol4no2/gersym.html (595 words)

	History of Czech Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Czech Republic was the western part of the Czech and Slovak Federal Republic.
		The democratic elements, led by President Eduard Benes, hoped the Soviet Union would allow Czechoslovakia the freedom to choose its own form of government and aspired to a Czechoslovakia that would act as a bridge between East and West.
		On January 1, 1993, the Czech Republic and the Republic of Slovakia were simultaneously and peacefully founded.
	www.historyofnations.net /europe/czechrepublic.html (1756 words)

	D.2. Germany's First Democratic Constitution
		The Weimar Republic, which was founded in the wake of the revolution of 1918, was Germany's first democracy.
		The moderate Social Democrats, according to these historians, aligned with the military to repress the council movement and therefore are responsible for the failure of a third alternative between the capitalist Weimar democracy and Russian Bolshevism, an alternative that may have made the Republic more stable.
		Many historians have focused on the Republic's last years, claiming that the great depression of the early thirties was so harsh in Germany that there could hardly have been a political system that would not have been toppled by it.
	www.colby.edu /personal/r/rmscheck/GermanyD2.html (2323 words)

	Repainting the Little Red Schoolhouse: A History of Eastern German Education, 1945-1995 Journal of Social History - ...
		The author of an earlier work on George Orwell, Rodden was stimulated to undertake an investigation of the German Democratic Republic by his perceptions of the similarities between Orwell's anti-utopia in Nineteen Eighty-Four and the Communist political system that arose out of the Soviet occupation of eastern Germany after the Second World War.
		Some Germans insisted on the dismissal of schoolteachers and university professors who were SED loyalists and/or had been informants for the secret police.
		Rodden's conceptualization of the history of education in eastern Germany as a process of unlearning and re-education has the merit of lifting the subject to a high level of psychological and political relevance.
	findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2005/is_3_37/ai_n6003251 (981 words)

	German Democratic Republic - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The German Democratic Republic was established in the Soviet occupation zone of Germany on October 7, 1949, following the creation in May 1949 of the Federal Republic of Germany ("West Germany") in the zones occupied by the United States, Britain and France.
		Consequent waves of German settlements, which in subsequent centuries later included French Hugenots and Jews, gradually modified the originally Slavic composition of the land, except for the small community of Sorbs in Lusatia, and eventually most of what is now East Germany formed a large part of the historical Kingdom of Prussia.
		Thus, on October 3, 1990 the East German population was the first from the Eastern Bloc to join the European Economic Community as a part of the reunified Federal Republic of Germany.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/German_Democratic_Republic (4690 words)

	WHKMLA : History of the German Democratic Republic : Domestic Policy, 1949-1969
		The USSR responded on the creation of the Federal Republic by establishing the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in its zone in 1949.
		On the other hand, the USSR was not yet willing to give up the concept of Germany being one political entity; nominally she maintained a Soviet administration over East Berlin (until 1961), and in 1955-1956 she proposed a unified Germany which, like Austria, would have to oblige herself to a course of political neutrality.
		And as there was neither a wall nor a fence separating the sectors of Berlin, Germans living in the GDR continued to pour into the west, via Berlin.
	www.zum.de /whkmla/region/germany/gdr194969pol.html (1695 words)

	History of the German Democratic Republic biography .ms (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The German Democratic Republic (GDR), often known as East Germany, existed from 1949 to 1990 in Germany, being roughly the territories between the Elbe and Oder rivers.
		On November 9th the Berlin Wall fell and with it the whole socialist system of East Germany was unraveled when its parliament voted on December 1 that year to abolish the constitutional provision granting the communist party the leading role in the state.
		Thus, on October 3, 1990 the East German population was the first from the Eastern Bloc to join the European Union as a part of the reunified Federal Republic of Germany.
	www.biography.ms /History_of_the_German_Democratic_Republic.html (5075 words)

	The Birth of the German Democratic Republic: German History
		The Birth of the German Democratic Republic: German History
		The congress elected a People's Council and created a constitutional committee to draft a constitution for a "German Democratic Republic," which was to apply to all of postwar Germany.
		- The Birth of the German Democratic Republic
	www.germanculture.com.ua /library/history/bl_gdr.htm (595 words)

	German Democratic Republic (East Germany)
		The German Democratic Republic (East Germany) was established in 1949 from the area of Germany occupied by the Soviet Union.
		The main political figure in the German Democratic Republic was Walter Ulbricht who served as General Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party (1946-1971) and Chairman of the Council of State (1960-1971).
		A German historian has accused the British of "betraying" an anti-communist uprising in the early years of the German Democratic Republic which was eventually put down by Soviet tanks.
	www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk /2WWeastGermany.htm (808 words)

	Rice History Department:Who's Who
		Current C.V. Professor Caldwell is Professor of History and of German and Slavic Studies at Rice University.
		His first book, Popular Sovereignty and the Crisis of German Constitutional Law: The Theory and Practice of Weimar Constitutionalism, appeared with Duke University Press in 1997, and in 2003 Dictatorship, State Planning, and Social Theory in the German Democratic Republic appeared with Cambridge University Press.
		He has furthermore offered specialized seminars on German intellectual history after 1945; Karl Marx (team-taught with Professor Betty Joseph); Ethics and Politics after Religion, focusing on Feuerbach, Marx, Wagner, and Nietzsche; the comparative history of Germany and Japan; and the effect of World War One on Europe (HIST 544).
	cohesion.rice.edu /humanities/hist/people.cfm?doc_id=1795 (257 words)

	Ulbricht and the German Democratic Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		But he was one of the most important figures in the construction of the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) and for the history of the post-1945 era in Europe.
		Ulbricht was born in Leipzig, the son of a poor and frequently tipsy socialist tailor.
		East German workers were also confused, but increasingly angry at the refusal to reduce the work norms while backing away from all the other features of crash socialization.
	www.appstate.edu /~brantzrw/GermanHistory/ulbricht.htm (4357 words)

	WSCE German Democratic Republic Paper Money (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The German Democratic Republic (East Germany), located on the great north European plain ceased to exist in 1990.
		Under the Potsdam agreement, questions affecting Germany as a whole were to be settled by the commanders in chief of the occupation zones acting jointly and by unanimous decision.
		Thereupon the Soviet Union dissolved its occupation zone and established it as the Democratic Republic of Germany, Oct, 7, 1949.
	www.wscoin.com /Info/GermanyDR.htm (196 words)

	Bristol University - History of the German Democratic Republic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Bristol University - History of the German Democratic Republic
		An understanding of the GDR’s history sheds light on the difficulties which have arisen in eastern Germany since the GDR’s unification with the (western) Federal Republic in 1990.
		This unit will provide a thorough grounding in the course of GDR history, politics and society, and place the GDR in the wider context of both German history and authoritarian systems.
	www.bris.ac.uk /german/handbook/yr2/units/democraticrepub.html (414 words)

	Harvard University Press: The Russians in Germany : A History of the Soviet Zone of Occupation, 1945-1949 by Norman M. ...
		In 1945, when the Red Army marched in, eastern Germany was not "occupied" but "liberated." This, until the recent collapse of the Soviet Bloc, is what passed for history in the German Democratic Republic.
		In rich and lucid detail, Naimark captures the mood and the daily reality of the occupation, the chaos and contradictions of a period marked by rape and repression, the plundering of factories, the exploitation of German science, and the rise of the East German police state.
		Here we have our first clear view of how the Russians regarded the postwar settlement and the German question, how they made policy on issues from reparations to technology transfer to the acquisition of uranium, how they justified their goals, how they met them or failed, and how they changed eastern Germany in the process.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /catalog/NAIRUS.html?show=catalogcopy (365 words)

	Erich Honecker Speech on Peace (1984)
		For the first time ever workers' and farmers' power was established on German soil, thus laying the groundwork for social relations to be shaped in such a way that people would be able to lead a life worthy of human beings.
		Generations of upstanding Germans had dreamt of a new and peaceful Germany, free from exploitation and oppression and on friendly terms with all nations.
		The interest in the prospering of the socialist German state, in its good showing in international economic competition and the contribution the GDR makes to the strengthening of the socialist world is increasingly becoming a direct stimulation in daily work...
	www.calvin.edu /academic/cas/gpa/erich1.htm (2957 words)

	BERLIN WALL ANNIVERSARY-STASI INFORMERS
		Since the fall of the Berlin wall and the demise of the German Democratic Republic, this outwardly innocent looking compound has been a museum devoted to publicizing the crimes of a police state.
		In the past ten years, many have examined their own personal files and have found the names of those who were spying on them.
		Jorg Driesselmann thinks it is extremely important for Germans to remember the repression of the 40 year-long German Democratic Republic.
	www.fas.org /irp/news/1999/11/991108-stasi1.htm (686 words)

	Dickinson College - News Release
		He was nominated for an Oscar for Best Foreign Language Film for "Jakob the Liar," a distinction only he can claim in the history of the German Democratic Republic.
		German Professor Dieter Rollfinke, who organized the series, says "It is very important for undergraduates to be exposed to what happened in Germany and Europe during the Third Reich.
		The series is sponsored by the film studies, German, and Judaic studies departments along with The Max Kade Center and The Clarke Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Contemporary Issues.
	cfserv.dickinson.edu /news/nrshow.cfm?24 (403 words)

	Harvard University Press: Science under Socialism : East Germany in Comparative Perspective by Kristie Macrakis
		This excellent book will be of broad interest for its use of rich materials that support both its general theoretical stance and its factual basis...To be sure, the book will be of great value to strategists responsible for national research and development policies, but it is not in the least for them alone.
		It will be of interest to specialists in postwar German history and to advanced students of the impact of institutions on science and technology.
		Dieter Hoffmann is a research scholar at the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science, Berlin.
	www.hup.harvard.edu /catalog/MACSCI.html?show=reviews (354 words)

	Cato-at-liberty » Reagan in Leipzig
		Then I went to a museum exhibit in Leipzig on the history of the German Democratic Republic.
		Alas, it was all in German, so I had only a dim understanding of what it all said.
		I did get the impression that it wasn’t a balanced presentation of communism such as might be found in a Western museum; these curators knew that communism had been a nightmare, and they were glad to be out of it.
	www.cato-at-liberty.org /2006/06/08/reagan-in-leipzig (269 words)

	The Collapse of East German Communism — www.greenwood.com
		As it is, it's an excellent single source overview of the history of the German Democratic Republic's forty-one year journey into the dustbin of history.
		Description: This book focuses on a key aspect of the "German question"--the problem of German national identity and communist ideology in their historical perspective since 1945 and their immediate clash in the downfall of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in 1989.
		This political culture had not only to be uniform with ideological imperatives and aspirations, but had to stand on its own because of the absence of a broader-based national culture.
	www.greenwood.com /catalog/C4261.aspx (314 words)

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