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	History of the Riksdag - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Riksdag or Sveriges Riksdag is the Parliament of Sweden.
		From the second half of the 19th century, when the Riksdag was founded, until the early 20th century Swedish society underwent a number of fundamental changes that impacted on the political system.
		As of the general election in 1921, universal and equal franchise was introduced for men and women alike, and the Riksdag finally achieved a system of democratic representation for all citizens who were at least 23 years old on election day.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/History_of_the_Riksdag (804 words)

	Election Resources on the Internet: Elections to the Swedish Riksdag
		Riksdag seats are apportioned on a nationwide basis among political parties in the same manner as constituency seats, namely by the modified Sainte-Laguë method.
		Riksdag mandates won by a party at the multi-member constituency level are then subtracted from the total number of seats allocated to that party, and the remaining mandates are filled from thirty-nine adjustment seats.
		The Swedish Riksdag electoral system shares strong similarities with the systems used in neighboring Norway and (to a lesser degree) Denmark to choose members of their respective national legislatures, the Storting and the Folketing.
	electionresources.org /se (1787 words)

	Reference.com/Encyclopedia/Riksdag
		The Riksdag is a unicameral assembly with 349 members (riksdagsledamöter), who are elected on a proportional basis to serve fixed terms of four years.
		Under the new Instrument of Government (one of the four fundamental laws of the Constitution) enacted in 1974, that task was removed from the Monarch of Sweden and given to the Speaker of the Riksdag.
		This informal organization was modified in 1527 by the first modern Swedish king Gustav I Vasa to include representatives from all the four social estates: the nobility, the clergy, the bourgeoisie (propertied commoners in the towns such as merchants, tradesmen, lawyers, etc), and the peasantry (freehold yeoman farmers).
	www.reference.com /browse/wiki/Riksdag (979 words)

	Riksdag (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The precursor to the Riksdag was the Riksdag of the Estates or Ståndsriksdagen.
		The representation in the Riksdag of the Estates was based on the Four Estates, which historically reflected the lines of division in Swedish society: Nobility, Clergy, Burgesses and Peasants.
		The last time the King attempted to exercise political authority was in February, 1914 when King Gustav V delivered a speech to 30,000 Peasants, assembled on the yard of the Royal Castle in Stockholm, an action which precipitated the fall the incumbent liberal cabinet, headed by Prime Minister Karl Staff.
	www.icyclopedia.com /encyclopedia/r/ri/riksdag.html (708 words)

	Parliament of Sweden (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The Swedish Riksdag or Sveriges Riksdag is the Parliament of Sweden.
		The Riksdag is a unicameral assembly with 349 members, which are publicly elected on a proportional basis to serve four year terms.
		The roots of the modern Riksdag can be found in a 1435 meeting of the Swedish nobility in the city of Arborga[?].
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/sw/Swedish_law.html (669 words)

	Riksdagen - The history of the Riksdag
		The first Riksdag Act - which is a law setting out the procedures for the work of the Riksdag - was introduced in 1810.
		On 10 January 1975, the ceremonial opening of the Riksdag, which from that year was called the opening of the Riksdag session, was held in temporary premises at Sergels torg.
		The 1975 Riksdag session ended after the spring following a decision to move the beginning of the Riksdag's working year from the spring to the autumn.
	www.riksdagen.se /templates/R_Page____798.aspx (1019 words)

	1808. 2001. The Encyclopedia of World History
		A riksdag called which established a constitutional committee.
		The riksdag also lifted bans on private distilling and created an income tax to replace older taxes on windows, cards, and so on.
		Duke Charles accepted the crown after approval of the riksdag (June 5).
	www.bartleby.com /67/765.html (281 words)

	The Early Bernadottes - History - Sweden - Europe
		Although his reign of 1818 to 1844 was characterized by a conflict for control between the throne and the Riksdag, and, as a foreigner, he was not popular, Bernadotte was an able administrator, and the united kingdoms of Norway and Sweden made considerable progress materially, politically, and culturally.
		Between 1864 and 1866 the constitution was materially revised; the Riksdag, although bicameral, then received a form close to its present one.
		During the reign of Oscar II notable progress was made in social legislation, including factory laws, accident insurance and pension funds for workers, and limitation of working hours for women and children.
	www.countriesquest.com /europe/sweden/history/the_early_bernadottes.htm (197 words)

	Period Of Political Grandeur - Charles X And Charles XI
		Thus, toward the end of the Riksdag, with the petitions in, came the royal propositions which, when accepted, in one blow crushed the aristocracy, as a ruling class, and the antiquated state council, as an institution, and established the absolute power of the king.
		According to the resolutions of this memorable Riksdag, which marks a new era in Swedish history, a "grand commission" was selected which fulfilled its duties with the greatest severity.
		The king decided all matters alone, and prepared in advance the measures he proposed to the Riksdag, of whose sanction he was as independent as of that of the old state council.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles35/history-of-sweden-12.shtml (7044 words)

	History of Finland Summary
		A peace treaty (Peace of Täyssinä) with Russia in 1595 moved the border of Finland further to the east and north.
		An important part of the 16th century history of Finland was growth of the area settled by the farming population.
		This was followed by the Lapland War of 1944-1945, when Finland fought against the Germans to force them to withdraw their forces from northern Finland.
	www.bookrags.com /History_of_Finland (6927 words)

	The Ultimate Sweden - American History Information Guide and Reference
		Recent Swedish history has been peaceful, the last war being the Campaign against Norway, 1814, establishing a Sweden-dominated personal union with Norway.
		In 1971, the Parliament, the Riksdag, became unicameral.
		Constitutionally, the 349-member Riksdag holds supreme authority in Sweden, and its acts are not subject to judicial review.
	www.historymania.com /american_history/Sweden (2577 words)

	Riksdagen - The Riksdag in Swedish society
		Decisions taken by the Riksdag apply to the whole country, so the Riksdag can be said to take decisions at the national level.
		The Riksdag does not, for example, decide whether a municipality should shut down a school or whether an upper secondary school should start charging for school lunches.
		If, for example, the Riksdag decides to send a peacekeeping force to Liberia, it is in practice the responsibility of the Swedish Armed Forces to ensure that this is carried out.
	www.riksdagen.se /templates/PageWFrame____6608.aspx (580 words)

	Sweden HISTORY
		The Bernadotte dynasty, which has reigned successively since 1818, gradually relinquished virtually all of its powers, which were assumed by the Riksdag, Sweden's parliament.
		In May 1993, the Riksdag altered Sweden's long-standing foreign policy of neutrality.
		The Riksdag also opened up the possibility of Sweden's participation in defense alliances, which remains a hotly debated issue in Sweden.
	www.nationsencyclopedia.com /Europe/Sweden-HISTORY.html (1802 words)

	TCS - Government:
		Political power is loosely divided among the Elected Prince (the Riksforestandare), the Parliament (the Riksdag) and the individual rulers of worlds (the Varldherren).
		The Riksdag may overturn a princely veto by a vote of all four Estates.
		Sessions of the Riksdag normally begin on January 1 and continue until July 1, though crises have forced several emergency sessions.
	www.magpage.com /~flynnmj/history/frr2.html (731 words)

	Riksdag — Infoplease.com
		A new constitution, effective in Jan., 1975, which eliminated the monarch's residual authority, gave the speaker of the Riksdag rather than the king the right to appoint a new premier.
		The 1998 Riksdag election: Hobson's choice and Sweden's voice.
		Gustav III of Sweden: the forgotten despot of the age of enlightenment: A.D. Harvey recalls the career of the Swedish king whose assassination......
	www.infoplease.com /ce6/history/A0841919.html (237 words)

	Napoleonic Wars - History - Sweden - Europe
		The Riksdag then formulated a new constitution, which remained in force until 1975, and in 1809 elected as king the ex-king’s uncle, Charles XIII.
		Sweden concluded two treaties, one with Russia in 1809, ceding most of Finland and the Aland Islands, and another with France in 1810, by which a pro-Napoleonic policy was adopted.
		Charles XIII was childless, and the Riksdag chose Marshal Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte, prince of Pontecorvo and one of Napoleon’s generals, as crown prince, in an effort to conciliate Napoleon.
	www.countriesquest.com /europe/sweden/history/napoleonic_wars.htm (253 words)

	Unionism Versus Patriotism - Uncrowned Kings Of The Sture Families
		At last, fully aware of the secret deliberations going on, Lord Sten surrounded Stæket and called a Riksdag at Arboga, in 1517, where it was resolved that Christian should never become king of Sweden, and that the siege of Stæket should be continued.
		The indignant Riksdag resolved that the archbishop should be deprived of his seat, being guilty of high treason, and that his castle should be burned.
		Christine Gyllenstierna was the first to answer to the accusations, holding forth that the Riksdag of Arboga was responsible for the action taken against Trolle and bringing the signed document in evidence.
	www.oldandsold.com /articles35/history-of-sweden-7.shtml (4175 words)

	HighBeam Encyclopedia â“ Free Online Encyclopedia for Reference, Research, Facts
		The regency under which he succeeded was abolished in 1697 at the request of the Riksdag.
		On the editorial staff of the encyclopedia Svensk Upplagsbok from 1929 to 1938, he was first elected to the Riksdag in 1933.
		He vigorously asserted the principle of the superiority of the state over the church, notably by securing (1517) from the Riksdag the deposition of Archbishop Gustaf...
	www.encyclopedia.com /category/People/History/scanhistbio.html (4042 words)

	16 Nov History: This Date
		In 1976, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Economics for his achievements in the fields of consumption analysis, monetary history and theory and for his demonstration of the complexity of stabilization policy.
		Both council and Riksdag were identified with the king's policies, not least because of Gustav's brilliant gift for expounding them: his speeches reveal him as a master of debate and an orator of extraordinary eloquence and force.
		As a military commander, he was responsible for military innovations that marked an epoch in the history of the art of war.
	www.safran-arts.com /42day/history/h4nov/h4nov16.html (10344 words)

	Sweden History \| iExplore.com
		During the 13th century, a form of feudalism was introduced, a hereditary nobility was established and a thriving middle class of burghers emerged in the towns.
		Political history in this period is complex but some sense of order, however transitory, was engendered by the accession of Margaret – then Regent of Denmark and ruler of Norway – to the throne in 1387.
		Much of the foreign policy of the 17th century was dominated by the desire to transform the Baltic into a Swedish lake – this was the main motivation behind Gustav II’s entry into the Thirty Years’ War in 1629.
	www.iexplore.com /dmap/Sweden/History (1345 words)

	Sweden, Britain & The Netherlands
		Both he and ordinary Swedes (clergy, burghers and peasants) blamed the Swedish nobility for the defeats it had suffered, and in October 1680 the commoners in the Riksdag allied with Charles to strip the aristocracy of some of their land, and much of their power and privileges.
		The Riksdag of 1682 confirmed the king's right to give and take back royal land in accordance with his perception of national needs.
		History had witnessed court factions, networks of political patronage and even (in Republican Rome) political groupings based on family connections.
	faculty.history.wisc.edu /sommerville/351/351-153.htm (2151 words)

	History of FoI
		But even the English legislation, which brought an end to the concept of the divine right of kings and was designed to protect citizens from the unrestrained rule of the monarch by subjugating royalty to the laws of parliament, is ‘young’ relative to the constitutional history of Sweden which dates from the mid-fourteenth century.
		Similarly, the concept of freedom of access to government-held information, which was enshrined in law in the United States in 1966, had become a constitutional reality in Sweden, a monarchical parliamentary democracy, two centuries earlier in 1766, a decade before the United States gained its independence from England.
		Because Sweden was the first nation in the world to enact specific libertarian legislation based on concepts of press freedom, freedom of information and the role of an ombudsman, it is instructive to look beyond Chydenius and examine the Swedish experience in a wider context.
	members.optusnet.com.au /~slamble/freedom_of_information.htm (6068 words)

	Sweden : In Depth : History \| Frommers.com
		Although the union was a failure, one of its legacies was the establishment -- partly as a compromise among different political factions -- of a Riksdag (parliament) made up of representatives from various towns and regions; the peasant classes also had some limited representation.
		The Hattar (Hats) and Mossorna (Caps) were the two opposing parties in the Riksdag then, and the Hats began a war with Russia in 1741.
		A new constitution was written in 1808, granting the Riksdag equal power with the king.
	www.frommers.com /destinations/sweden/0243020044.html (3281 words)

	Swedish Mission History
		If you have any more on the history of the mission, especially any interesting stories or photographs, please send them to me.
		On one occasion a member of the riksdag was holding forth about the evil Mormons, and how they enticed people away from Sweden.
		In 1910 President Andreas Peterson received an audience with King Gustaf V, and in 1914 a proposal to ban LDS missionaries was defeated in the riksdag.
	www.swedishmission.com /history.asp (1329 words)

	Sweden (07/06)
		The Swedish parliament (Riksdag) stems from tribal courts (Ting) and the election of kings in the Viking age.
		The unicameral Riksdag has 349 members, popularly elected every 4 years and is in session generally from September through mid-June.
		Legislative and judicial institutions include, in addition to the Riksdag, the Supreme Court, the Supreme Administrative Court, the Labor Court, Commissions of Inquiry, the Law Council, District Courts and Courts of Appeal, the Chief Public Prosecutor, the Bar Association, and ombudsmen who oversee the application of laws with particular attention to abuses of authority.
	www.state.gov /r/pa/ei/bgn/2880.htm (3663 words)

	The Nobel Foundation - History
		In 1901, the Norwegians refrained from representation on the Board - being appointed by King Oscar at a time when Norway was moving toward a breakup of its union with Sweden was not considered an attractive idea - and they limited their involvement to work as Trustees and auditors.
		In 1946, when the Foundation was finally exempted from national income and wealth tax and local income tax, this allowed a gradual long-term increase in the size of the Foundation's main fund, the Nobel Prizes and the sums paid to the Prize-Awarding Institutions for their adjudication work.
		In 1975, it was the 75th anniversary of the Nobel Foundation that was being commemorated, while in 1991 the 90th anniversary of the first Nobel Prizes was the focus of the celebrations.
	nobelprize.org /nobelfoundation/history/lemmel (4852 words)

	15 Sep History: This Date (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		With a gain of 13 seats for a total of 144, the Social Democrats can contitue their minority government of Prime Minister Goeran Persson (who campaigned on a promise to maintain the welfare system), with the continued support of the Left and Green parties, which together have another 47 seats.
		At Flers Courcelette, several of the fifty or so primitive tanks advance some 2 km into enemy lines, but are too slow to hold their positions during the German counterattack.
		Patent lawyer George B. Selden [14 Sep 1846 – 17 Jan 1922] is rarely mentioned in accounts of automobile history, often lost among names like Ford, Daimler [17 Mar 1834 – 06 Mar 1900], and Cugnot [25 Sep 1725 – 02 Oct 1804].
	www.jcanu.hpg.ig.com.br /history/h4sep/h4sep15.html (9169 words)

	History
		An overview of Swedish history from the Svenska Institutet.
		After the death of the warrior king Karl XII in 1718 and Sweden’s defeat in the Great Northern War, the Swedish Parliament (the Riksdag) and council were strong enough to introduce a new constitution which abolished royal absolutism and placed power in the hands of Parliament.
		During the so-called Era of Liberty (1719—72) Sweden developed a form of parliamentary government which meant that the party dominant in Parliament appointed the government (the council), which in turn was responsible before Parliament.
	www.swedenlife.8k.com /custom3.html (3309 words)

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