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Topic: History of Western music

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	Classical music - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Classical music is generally thought of as sophisticated and refined; it may stem from a regional tradition, but aspires to universal form of communication.
		Classical music is sometimes defined as music produced in, or rooted in the traditions of art, ecclesiastical, and concert music.
		In the English language, the term "classical music" is a homophoric reference to European classical music, such as Beethoven's symphonies, and its derivative styles, and rarely used to refer to traditional musical styles of other regions.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Classical_music (229 words)

	"Authenticity in Musical Performance" by Bernard D. Sherman (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		In Western art music today, the word “authentic” usually refers to a class of performances that seek historical verisimilitude, typically through using period instruments and attempting to re-create period performance idioms.
		History: Before the nineteenth century, musicians rarely performed music of the past, with the exceptions usually involving sacred music; but by the middle of the nineteenth century, performances of secular music from earlier generations had become commonplace.
		Since period idioms are often believed to require inflecting the music in ways not indicated in the score (for example, by adding embellishments), historical performance may let a performer innovate without being censured for ignoring the authority of the composer (see Dulak, 1993, 1995, and Sherman, 1997, pp.
	homepages.kdsi.net /%7Esherman/encyclopedia.html (2986 words)

	Classical Music - A short history
		Western music also benefits from various dualities: sacred and secular traditions; monophonic and polyphonic textures; conservative and progressive tendencies; popularism and elitism; canon and non-canonic works; and other polarities.
		The high baroque music of the eighteenth century was dominated by the genius of Bach and Handel.
		Later in the century, the Classic style of Haydn and Mozart dominated the music of Western Europe, with the symphony, sonata, and string quartet predominating, and the sonata principle at the core of musical structure.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/musical_history.html (1000 words)

	Internet Public Library: Music History 102
		With the rise of humanism, sacred music began for the first time to break free of the confines of the Church, and a school of composers trained in the Netherlands mastered the art of polyphony in their settings of sacred music.
		Of course, secular music thrived during this period, and instrumental and dance music was performed in abundance, if not always written down.
		Many of these Nationalist composers turned to indigenous history and legends as plots for their operas, and to the popular folk melodies and dance rhythms of their homelands as inspiration for their symphonies and instrumental music.
	www.ipl.org /div/mushist (1587 words)

	History of Western music -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		History of Western music -- Facts, Info, and Encyclopedia article
		(Popular music originating in the West Indies; repetitive bass riffs and regular chords played on the off beat by a guitar) Reggae
		(A genre of popular music originating in the 1950s; a blend of Black rhythm-and-blues with White country-and-western) Rock and Roll
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/hi/history_of_western_music.htm (229 words)

	BBC - h2g2 - A Brief History of Western Music
		Western music is generally broken down into six periods.
		This is a rather curious period in musical history.
		Jazz, and then Rock, became the music of the masses, and classically-trained composers found themselves without the numbers of listeners that their predecessors had enjoyed.
	www.bbc.co.uk /dna/h2g2/A290981 (1147 words)

	Western Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Taken together, they reveal where western music came from, and what it sounded like as it began to forge an identity of its own in those years before it became a national phenomenon.
		Western music seems to be running the course of many other genres of music -- it all gets to sounding the same after a while.
		She conveys the feeling of what this music is supposed to be about -- wide open spaces, a type of life style and a particular type humor indigenous to the west.
	www.lonehand.com /music.htm (1309 words)

	mfiles - film music history, an overview of the development of music for film
		But a silent movie without a musical accompaniment seems totally empty, so music was typically provided in the theatre by a musician on piano or organ (or a group of musicians) to give emphasis to the story.
		Musicals were also growing in popularity at this time, a medium that would encompass the output of Rogers and Hammerstein, many Walt Disney cartoons features, and film versions of musical plays culminating in such gems as West Side Story (Leonard Bernstein), Oliver!
		There is no doubt that John Williams' music for Star Wars made a massive impact on the scene, rekindling the demand for full-scale orchestral scores after something of a lull, and even daring to bring back the concept of different themes to differentiate between the goodies and baddies.
	www.mfiles.co.uk /film-history.htm (1424 words)

	Persian Music History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		A gousheh is not a clearly defined musical composition; rather, it represents modal, melodic, and occasionally rhythmic skeletal formulae upon which the performer is expected to improvise.
		The musical instruments which have been known in the long history of Iran (Persia) are too numerous to name here.
		The use of western popular rhythms, an elementary harmonic superimposition, and relatively large ensembles composed of mostly western instruments, characterize this music.
	www.persianartmusic.com /history_english.html (1255 words)

	Donald J Grout Claude Palisca - 0393100561 - M. B. Hurst, Foreword by Elgin Carver (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		History of the Court of Common Pleas of the city and county of New York : with full reports of all important proceedings.
		History of medicine in Harrison County, West Virginia.
		History of Negro Servitude in Illinois: And of the Slavery Agitation in That State, 1719-1864.
	www.howtowrite.net /186001history_western_music_6_cassettes.html (104 words)

	Western Music History - AAA History
		Musical Instruments (Currently being revised) Western Music: A Short History Three Important Concepts - Melody, Harmony, and Rhythm...
		Music History 102 a Guide to Western Composers and their Music from the Middle Ages to the Present...
		The Main Page for the course History of Western Music II (MUSC 322), Spring 1999, University of Maryland Baltimore County...
	www.feriajamondeteruel.com /western-music-history.html (360 words)

	Roughstock's History of Country Music - Cowboy Music
		Much of this music was written for and brought to the American public through the cowboy films of the 30's and 40's and was widely popular.
		The Sons of the Pioneers were the foremost vocal and instrumental group in western music, and the definitive group specializing in cowboy songs, setting the standard for every group that has come since.
		These Pioneers, along with younger country music groups such as the Riders in the Sky, were a constant reminder of the legacy of this much-loved western group.
	www.roughstock.com /history/cowboy.html (3757 words)

	Western Swing
		The bulk of their musical output can fairly be classified as "Western Swing," but each of them also added something quite extraordinary.
		Western Swing recordings are not easy to find, but the Internet's leading music shop always has them.
		Western Swing site will reward the visitor with lots of worthwhile listings and resources, regarding festivals, news, and available CDs.
	www.geocities.com /~jimlowe/western/westdex.html (2978 words)

	age history music new for New Age Music (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This music of Clairvoyeur is soothing, intriguing and sometimes mesmerizing.
		Clairvoyeur music is music for relaxation and rejuvenation, for stolen moments of romance.
		New age music is, of course, at the heart of the history of these types of music.
	www.magicspellmusic.com /music/newagemusic/age-history-music-new.htm (742 words)

	Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus -- Encyclopædia Britannica
		Unlike any other composer in musical history, he wrote in all the musical genres of his day and excelled in every one.
		The fundamental changes in musical style that distinguished Classical from Baroque were inspired by Rococo ideals and refined and stabilized by the Classicists, particularly Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Christoph Willibald Gluck, and the young Ludwig van Beethoven.
		Often heard in folk and blues music, the harmonica is a small rectangular mouth organ containing metal reeds held in a series of air channels.
	www.britannica.com /eb/article-9108745 (890 words)

	Contemporary Review: A History of Western Music. - book reviews (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Music is the strangest of the arts, in that it means everything and nothing.
		In the caption to Turner's 'Music Party' painting, East Cowes Castle on the Isle of Wight is curiously re-located to Petworth in Sussex.
		The seventeen-page glossary of musical terms ignores crochets and quavers, but of course this is a book from the USA, where they speak, more logically, of quarter-notes and eighth-notes.
	www.findarticles.com /p/articles/mi_m2242/is_n1567_v269/ai_18801071 (723 words)

	'The Oxford History of Western Music,' by Richard Taruskin (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Taruskin's writing style is partly his personality and partly his approach to music historiography, namely that the social framing should always be considered in any discussion of the art within.
		The volumes of the Oxford history are bogged down by Taruskin's insistence on citing every tidbit or quoting some musicologist on a subject when just saying it is enough.
		Dahlhaus' slim "Foundations of Music History" argued his view of how history should be written.
	www.post-gazette.com /pg/05030/449503.stm (1197 words)

	A Selection of Medieval Music
		Polyphonic music based on liturgical usage will once again become the driving force in musical developments in the late 15th century.
		French secular music at the end of the 14th century became unusually intricate, both in terms of rhythm and harmony.
		German music does not fit the present chronology very well, since it carried what might be called the troubadour style well into the 15th century.
	www.medieval.org /emfaq/beginlst/medieval.htm (1279 words)

	Music History
		The Lamont School of Music history faculty is committed to training critical thinkers and writers in all aspects of music history.
		She is head of the music library at the University of Denver and teaches Introduction to Graduate Studies and harp.
		Malcolm Lynn Baker, saxophone, is director of the jazz studies and commercial music department at the Lamont School of Music.
	www.du.edu /lamont/History.html (1024 words)

	Essentials of Music - Composers
		Western music, even going back to the Middle Ages, has placed a great emphasis on the individual creators of music.
		In the Renaissance, composers such as Josquin and Palestrina were hailed as "princes" of music.
		The lives of these composers tell us a great deal about the history of music and the music they created.
	www.essentialsofmusic.com /composer/composers.html (202 words)

	Homework Help -- Music--History
		From a music educator, click on Timelines for music history from ancient times (pre 500) to the 20th century, including a birthday search for composers.
		This collection of historic American sheet music from 1790-1960 is from the Eisenhower Library at Johns Hopkins University.
		Descriptive histories of ethnic influences, themes and social aspects of music are included.
	www.kcls.org /hh/musichistory.cfm (696 words)

	BOB WILLS WESTERN SWING
		Reared in poverty among unlettered white and fl musicians who expressed their deepest emotions in music, he learned to perform and compose from his heart and soul.
		Just how far ahead he really was is evident in the fact that his music appealed to both the age of jazz and swing era and continues to be popular in these times of rock and country and western.
		How he and his music could sustain this response for over a half a century is a human as well as a musical enigma.
	www.southernmusic.net /bobwills.htm (295 words)

	UW Libraries - Music Library - Music History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Mary Rasmussen's Musical Iconography Horn, Lute, Pipe and Tabor, Tambourine
		Music from the Vatican Exhibit at L.C. The Cantigas de Santa Maria
		Music from the Vatican Exhibit at L.C. Medieval Music
	www.lib.washington.edu /Music/mushist.html (321 words)

	Sydney philharmonia Motet choir - Review - www.smh.com.au
		Debussy provides one recent example of a French musical revolutionary, but the 14th-century master Guillaume de Machaut (1300-1377) and the late baroque composer Jean-Philippe Rameau (1683-1764) are similarly significant, though their music is less widely heard than some would argue it deserves.
		This music is certainly worth hearing: blessings on the conductor Brett Weymark for including it in the choir's repertoire.
		At times, the cantus firmus was overwhelmed by the intricate syncopations of the upper voices, and the impact of bold harmonies reduced through a disappointing blandness of choral tone.
	www.smh.com.au /articles/2004/08/18/1092765009489.html (466 words)

	DIRECTORY OF MUSIC USER GUIDES: BIBLIOGRAPHIES AND PATHFINDERS
		Brief bibliography of reference works on choral music covering general encyclopedias, dictionaries, bibliographies, and reviews, as well as histories, analysis, books on choral arranging,and education.
		Music History: Europe and the Americas: Music Library Guide / Phil Vandermeer.
		Bibliography of major printed reference sources in music and music literature and on-line services.
	www.library.yale.edu /%7Esegglstn/mugdir/bibpth.htm (986 words)

	Zamir Chorale: Jewish Music Bibliography
		"The Music of Leonard Bernstein." Ph.D., University of Illinois, 1964.
		Music in the Jewish Community of Palestine 1880: A Social History.
		The Music of the Jews in the Diaspora.
	www.zamir.org /resources/Biblio.html (2742 words)

	Music Timeline
		Western music begins to move from monophony to polyphony with the vocal parts in church music moving in parallel intervals.
		Josquin Desprez, often called the Prince of Music, is a leading composer of the Renaissance.
		The harmony and tonality characteristic of classical music are replaced by dissonance, creating what many listeners consider to be noise.
	www.infoplease.com /ipea/A0151192.html (2215 words)

	The Classical Music Pages (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		This web site provides you almost everything you need concerning classical music - its history, biographical information about composers (with portraits and short sound examples), explanations of the various musical forms and a dictionary of musical terminologies.
		It is designed to be of use for everyone from "beginners" to the music professional - decide for yourself how deeply you follow the links.
		Music is often based on or related to literature and painting.
	w3.rz-berlin.mpg.de /cmp/classmus.html (222 words)

	Texas Governor Rick Perry - Texas Music Bibliography (A-F) - Texas Music Office (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-09)
		Jean A. Boyd, The Jazz of the Southwest: An Oral History of Western Swing (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1998).
		Lilla Jean Brown, "Music in the History of Dallas, 1841-1900" (M.A. thesis: University of Texas at Austin, 1947).
		Shelby L. Collier, "The Status of Music in 100 Baptist Churches of Texas" (M.A. thesis, University of Texas at Austin, 1949).
	www.governor.state.tx.us /music/biblio.htm (3512 words)

	Classical Net - Basic Repertoire List - J.S. Bach
		Bach is also known for the numerical symbolism and mathematical exactitude which many people have found in his music – for this, he is often regarded as one of the pinnacle geniuses of western civilization, even by those who are not normally involved with music.
		His large output of organ music is considered to be the greatest legacy of compositions for the instrument, and is the measure by which all later efforts are judged.
		His other chamber music is similarly lofty, the sets for solo violin & solo cello being the summits of their respective genres.
	www.classical.net /music/comp.lst/bachjs.html (3086 words)

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