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Topic: Hiwi (volunteer)

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	Volunteerism
		Hiwi is a German word, an abbreviation of Hilfswilliger, or voluntary assistant.
		Some Soviet hiwis were pressed into combat in the ranks of the Wehrmacht in desperate situations, such as with the German Sixth Army at Stalingrad.
		However, Soviet hiwis were referred to as "former Russians" by their countrymen, regardless of the circumstances of them joining, and their fate at the hands of the NKVD was most likely death or the gulag.
	www.breadlike.com /pages7/94/volunteerism.html (514 words)

	Gene Linked to Testicular Cancer - Dukehealth.org
		The gene, called hiwi, belongs to the piwi family of genes discovered in 1997 in the laboratory of Haifan Lin, Ph.D., an associate professor of cell biology at Duke and senior author of the new study in Oncogene, a science journal published by the Nature Publishing Group.
		The hiwi gene was mapped to a region on the long arm of chromosome 12, which was previously linked by Lin's collaborators in the Netherlands to the development of seminomas and other testicular cancers.
		Over-expression of the hiwi gene was not detected in nonseminomas.
	www.dukehealth.org /news/5555 (1140 words)

	Volunteer - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		A volunteer is a person who serves in a community primarily because he chooses to do so.
		Volunteers are often used to lighten the workload for the GMs (Game Masters) who usually contribute mainly towards the server based operations (such as server maintenance).
		Many managers of volunteers note that managing those on mandatory programs is different to managing volunteers, not least because motivation is a key underlying theme in volunteer management, but also because some MCS programming requires elements that may not exist at all in a volunteer program - policing and reporting being notable examples.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Volunteer (1211 words)

	Volunteer - Biocrawler (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Some volunteer for clinical trials or other medical research, and may even donate their bodies to science after their death.
		Online volunteers may provide advice, consultancy and perform remote administration tasks for the organisation, usually a charity or non-profit organisation.
		Likewise, there is no need to be an ICT volunteer to be an online volunteer: teaching a language through a virtual campus is not related with ICT fostering, at least in a direct way.
	www.biocrawler.com /encyclopedia/Volunteer (419 words)

	::russia abroad:: ::mochola.org::
		It is not known when and where exactly the first units of volunteers from the USSR, and from the countries annexed by Russia after 1939, were organized to fight against the Soviets on the German side.
		The forerunner of the volunteer formations was a voluntary auxiliary service, of a para-military character, which was started in the autumn of 1941 by the German Commands on the front.
		In the spring of 1942 there were already at least 200,000 of them in the rear of the German armies, and by the end of the same year their number was allegedly near 1,000,000 [Soviet Opposition to Stalin, p.45.].
	www.mochola.org /russiaabroad/vlasan01.htm (343 words)

	Informat.io on Hiwi
		This term from World War II times is often associated with collaborationism, and, in the case of the occupied Soviet territories, with anti-Bolshevism (and widely presented by Germans as such).
		Some Soviet hiwis were pressed into combat in the ranks of the Wehrmacht in desperate situations, such as with the German Sixth Army at Stalingrad, where they added up to about 25% (50,000) of the front-line strength.
		In Poland, "Hiwis" were given the task of sorting Jews for concentration camps and shooting the rest.
	www.informat.io /?title=hiwi (326 words)

	Informat.io on Volunteer
		Some say a volunteer is someone who performs or offers to perform service out of his or her own free will, without payment, usually in support of a non-profit organization, mission-based initiative or community.
		Others say the term volunteer can apply to someone who receives a stipend for his or her service, as long as the volunteer is engaged in full-time service and has no other paid job.
		An ICT volunteer is someone who uses Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) as a central part of his or her service, or, who advocates for ICT access for under-serviced communities.
	www.informat.io /?title=volunteer (1076 words)

	News \| Gainesville.com \| The Gainesville Sun \| Gainesville, Fla. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Amidst the volunteers were Soviet prisoners of war, eastern workers (Ostarbeiter), and Russian White emigrés (some of whom were veterans of the anticommunist White Army during the Russian Civil War).
		Months after the Operation Barbarossa, separate Russian volunteers who enlisted into the German Wehrmacht wore the patch of the Russian Liberation Army, an army which did not yet exist but was presented as a reality by German propaganda.
		These volunteers (called Hiwi, an acronym for Hilfswilliger meaning "willing to help") were not under Vlasov's command or control; they were exclusively under German command carrying out various noncombat duties.
	www.gainesville.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=Vlasov_army (1155 words)

	Russian Volunteers in the German Wehrmacht in WWII
		The forerunner of the volunteer formations was a voluntary auxiliary service, of a para- military character, which was started in the autumn of 1941 by the German Commands on the front.
		The majority of them, composed of volunteers of Russian nationality, were later incorporated into the Russian Army of Liberation- ROA- which was not an army in the organizational meaning of the word, but a name given to all Russian voluntary formations which recognized General Vlasov as their leader.
		Particularly large was the number of volunteers from among prisoners of war and Soviet refugees who had left their native land voluntarily with the retreating German armies, preferring a wandering life in strange and perhaps unfriendly lands to a return under the NKVD yoke.
	www.feldgrau.com /rvol.html (9836 words)

	The Axis - www.canadiansoldiers.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		It is estimated that 250,000 volunteers joined the Field Divisions in 1942 and 1943, and that 180,000 transferred to Army command in the winter of 1943.
		After the invasion of the Soviet Union, Flemish volunteers wanting to fight communism in the East were permitted to enlist in the Waffen SS while the Walloons would initially only be accepted by the Army.
		The French Volunteer Legion (Legion des Voluntaires Francais contre le Bolshevisme, or LVF for short) was raised in 1941, with volunteers coming not from Vichy France but from fascist groups in Paris at about the same time as Belgian volunteers were mobilizing for Germany's war in the East.
	www.canadiansoldiers.com /mediawiki-1.5.5/index.php?title=The_Axis (15299 words)

	Dogtag I.D. - Wehrmacht-Awards.com Militaria Forums (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		I imagine because of this, Italian volunteers were probably dispersed within the existing framework.
		HIWIs were POWs- of whatever nation- and the marking was to distinguish them from actual soldiers of the unit.
		An Italian volunteer in the Luftwaffe would be a formally-registered, uniformed soldier of the unit- the same as any German.
	www.wehrmacht-awards.com /forums/showthread.php?t=83905 (1308 words)

	Volunteer (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Volunteer department says raising fee will relieve financial...
		Volunteer Fireman BustedMakes you wonder especially in the NCAL region as this guy could "be" responsible for many a fire.
		Online volunteers may support organizations in their own community, or entirely remotely (such as Database).
	www.home-nursery-release.info /Volunteer (1642 words)

	www.bills-bunker.de
		It had produced one volunteer (who stayed with the unit until the end of the war), and a recruiting poster with fantasy insignia.
		Post-war propaganda has made them into misfits and morons, even though there were a few very dedicated members, who would have liked to have made the unit a viable fighting formation, if they had had the correct leadership.
		It should be noted that not all the named persons served at the same time, and some of them stayed with the unit only a short time before joining another unit or returning to a POW camp because they were deemed unreliable.
	bills-bunker.privat.t-online.de /64090.html?... (2443 words)

	Gene Linked to Infertility in Mice; Findings May Apply to Humans - Dukehealth.org
		The research has not yet been conducted using human tissue, but Haifan Lin, Ph.D., an associate professor of cell biology at Duke and senior author of the study, suspects that the human counterpart of miwi, called hiwi, is probably also associated with infertility in men.
		In a related paper that appears in the June 6, 2002 issue of Oncogene, Lin describes the connection between the human homologue of piwi, called hiwi, and testicular cancer.
		Given the evolutionary closeness between mice and humans, it is very likely that a defective hiwi gene will affect humans in the same manner as well," Lin said.
	www.dukehealth.org /news/6267 (733 words)

	Hiwi (volunteer) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Hiwis performed most of the shootings during Nazi Germany's Eastern Front Jewish "Cleansing".
		The Hiwis would then assist the police battalion in executing the Jews at point-blank range.
		The task was so vile that most of the Hiwis were drinking straight vodka and shooting in a drunken stupor.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hiwi_(volunteer) (437 words)

	Limbicnutrition Old: The Story of the Eastern ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		These were slave troops or eastern volunteers in the German army in Russia 1941 - 44: "Capitalizing on the resentment against the Soviet system felt by so many ethnic minorities, such as the Cossacks and Turkic peoples, the Germans were able to form a number of volunteer "Eastern" battalions in 1942.
		As the months went by, they took on large proportions, and during the retreat they followed along, as they would probably have been treated as traitors in their own country." Albert Speer [Image]...
		"The "Hiwi" [Hilfswillige] mentioned in the document are the so-called auxiliary volunteers who had joined the troops fighting in Russia.
	www.limbicnutrition.com /blog/archives/019617.html (259 words)

	chapter 36: OPERATIONS AT WAIKARE-MOANA \| NZETC
		Large, then a young volunteer, was one of the most energetic spirits in the contingent.
		Major Large began his military career as a volunteer and scout in the early operations against Te Kooti, and served with distinction in the arduous bush expeditions until the close of the fighting in the Urewera Country.
		The accurate fire of Large's canoe-men and dinghy crew proved too much for the enemy, who were forced to return to their stronghold on the north side of the lake.
	www.nzetc.org /tm/scholarly/tei-Cow02NewZ-c36.html (2697 words)

	Battle of Stalingrad - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The burden of the initial defense of the city proper fell on the 1077th Anti-aircraft regiment, a unit made up mainly of young women volunteers who had no training on engaging ground targets.
		For a short time, tanks continued to be produced and then manned by volunteer crews of factory workers.
		The Soviets, in turn, were initially surprised by the large number of German forces they had trapped, and had to reinforce their encircling forces.
	www.higiena-system.com /wiki/link-Battle_of_Stalingrad (4564 words)

	Military History Online - Battle of Stalingrad
		One German exclaimed, "What is that horrible smell?" Tanya and her friends were saved by a Russian collaborator who claimed that they were working for him.
		Despite his help, Tanya made no attempt to hide her loathing for him or for any other Hiwi (Hilfsfreiwilliger, or volunteer) who worked for the Germans.
		She wolfed down the bread and soup he gave them, and quietly determined to kill this man at the first opportunity.
	www.militaryhistoryonline.com /wwii/stalingrad/rattenkrieg.aspx (2003 words)

	JAN 30
		Choose topics for the workshops and allow facilitators to volunteer for international teams and take time to team build and prepare.
		There may still be a workshop for new attendants (the visa matters will help determine this).Many of us attending are experienced AVP facilitators.
		It will be our collective responsibility to decide what to provide and volunteer ourselves to do so.
	www.avpaotearoa.org.nz /IG/8ig.htm (1378 words)

	The New Zealand Defence Forces 1860 to1883
		Trooper Antonio RODRIGUES, Taranaki Mounted Volunteers, at Poutoko on 2 October 1863, and Kaitake, Taranaki, 11 March 1864.
		Sergeant Samuel AUSTIN, Wanganui Volunteers, at Putahi Pa, South, 7 January 1866 and Keteonetea, 17 October 1866 (at Putahi, Austin carried Thomas Mc Donnell, wounded in the foot, from the field, and at Keteonetea he rescued the severely-wounded William Mc Donnell just as he was about to be tomahawked).
		Cornet Harry WRIGG, Bay of Plenty Cavalry Volunteer, for carrying despatches through hostile country between Opotiki and Tauranga, East Coast, 29 June 1867.
	www.geocities.com /Heartland/6123/nzdefence.html (1599 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		In Bobrujsk United a 1-st Eastern Volunteer regiment including two battalions "Dnepr" and "Beresina" (from September — 601 and 602-nd Eastern Battalions) — Each included more than 1 000 soldiers and officers.
		Official soviets says that in 1943 nearly 14 000 Russian Volunteers came to soviet units- it was after "Zitadel" operation.
		Near 5 000 - 6 000 Volunteers was unarmed.
	bka-roa.chat.ru /ostvolker_eng.htm (674 words)

	Career Kokua Glossary
		A student's past jobs, military service, volunteer work, and self-directed learning can be considered for credit.
		HIWI (Hawaii Workforce Informer) - A web site that provides labor market information for the state of Hawaii.
		This topic also includes information about recommended high school or college courses as well as suggested internships, summer work, or volunteer experience.
	www.careerkokua.org /glossary (14247 words)

	Off the Kuff: August 2004 Archives
		The study involved 17 volunteers who ate either 100 grams of dark chocolate or a non-chocolate substitute.
		The results showed that functioning of the endothelium, a thin layer covering the innermost surface of blood vessels, was improved in the dark chocolate group but not in the group that ate the chocolate substitute.
		Two is a more widespread acknowledgement that for all his affectations of being "down-home" and "folksy", George W. Bush is a man of wealth and privilege, and he would not be where he is now without those assets.
	www.offthekuff.com /mt/archives/2004_08.html (14368 words)

	Axis History Forum :: View topic - Japanese volunteer in Normandy
		Could he not be a Russian from one that countries far eastern provinces, captured by the Germans and serving in either an Ost-Btn or as a Hiwi?, then again he could be Japanese or Korean.
		I just looked over some of the photos of Kalmuck and Turkestani volunteers in "The East came West: Muslim, Hindu and Buddhist volunteers in the German Armed Forces" by Antonio J. Munoz and I must say that these volunteers could easily be mistaken for Japanese.
		But I think this guy maybe not a Japanese/Korean immigration or volunteer, for Japan itself was lacking of soldiers too.
	forum.axishistory.com /viewtopic.php?t=30142 (1200 words)

	Erkennungsmarke / der Erste Zug
		This aluminum tag is also fairly early, but is definitely not of the first year of the war.13./I.R.109 would not have issued 236 tags on its mobilization.
		Furthermore, the "FRW" stamp indicates that the bearer was a volunteer.
		This designation would not have been used for a German; this tag probably belonged to a Russian HIWI.
	www.dererstezug.com /Erkennungsmarke.htm (3262 words)

	Freiwillige troops - Armchair General Forums
		There were a lot of individual volunteers that did not make it to the SS.
		The guys you didn't address in your excellent summary were the Hiwis (volunteer workers) and various ethnic security units that worked behind German lines.
		They were treated well (in violation of Hitler's order to put them in POW camps or shoot them) and remained with their units as long as possible.
	www.armchairgeneral.com /forums/showthread.php?t=36710 (1301 words)

	IP (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab-3.cs.princeton.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Yaprossov is a HiWi (Hilfsfreiwilliger = Volunteer) and Anton is a Funker.
		This Latvian volunteer is dressed in a mixture of SS and army clothing, as befits the desperate situation for the Reich in the last stages of the war.
		He carries a 98k rifle (with rifle grenade and attachment), an SS winter fur cap (with Totenkopf insignia) and a water-pattern winter coat.
	www.jjfpub.mb.ca.cob-web.org:8888 /ip.htm (2921 words)

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