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	Ho Chi Minh trail - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The "Ho Chi Minh Trail"was a network of routes from North Vietnam to South Vietnam in the neighboring countries of Laos and Cambodia to provide logistical support to the Viet Cong and the North Vietnamese Army during the Vietnam War.
		Rather than a trail, it would be better described as a zone of military occupation in Laotian and Cambodian territory along the entire border north to south.
		The United States could not block the Ho Chi Minh trail with ground forces because of a variety of political decisions with regard to the scope and scale of the war.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ho_Chi_Minh_trail (736 words)

	TIME Pacific \| Ho Chi Minh's Trail \| January 29, 2001 \| NO. 4
		Ho's years of travel gave him the tools he needed to manipulate all the players: he bantered with the arrogant French, he flattered the naive Americans and he charmed the pushy Chinese with his references to their own classics.
		Ho counseled compromise, consensus and the gradual road, but did not use his influence to counter the excesses of the increasingly narrow-minded communist state.
		Ho was too feeble to actively direct the war effort, but he went to Moscow and Beijing to gather support from old friends and spearheaded the propaganda war with vitriolic speeches denouncing American imperialists.
	www.time.com /time/pacific/magazine/20010129/hochi.html (764 words)

	Wikipedia: Ho Chi Minh trail
		The Ho Chi Minh trail was a road built from North Vietnam to South Vietnam through the neighboring countries of Laos and Cambodia to provide logistical support to the Viet Cong and the NVA during the Vietnam War.
		The name is after that of a revolution leader, Ho Chi Minh.
		Due to political considerations in the United States, no effort was made to block the Ho Chi Minh trail using ground forces.
	www.factbook.org /wikipedia/en/h/ho/ho_chi_minh_trail.html (178 words)

	Ho Chi Minh trail: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Ho Chi Minh trail was a network of roads built from North Vietnam North Vietnam quick summary:
		The democratic republic of vietnam (drv) (: vit nam dân ch cng hòa), also known as north vietnam, was founded by ho chi minh and...
		The vietnam war was a war fought roughly from 1957 to 1975 after the north vietnamese government secretly agreed to begin involvement in south vietnam....
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/ho/ho_chi_minh_trail.htm (971 words)

	Ho Chi Minh
		Ho Chi Minh was born on Nguyen Sinh Cung in the village of Kimlien, Annam - later he was given the name Nguyen Tat Thanh, "he who will succeed." Ho came from a poor scholar-gentry family.
		Ho proclaimed the birth of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in the declaration of independence, which was partly based on his recollections of the American Declaration of Independence.
		In Hanoi President Ho Chi Minh refused to settle in the governor general's residence, and for some time he lived in the electrician's cottage and then in a modest house on stilts.
	www.kirjasto.sci.fi /hochi.htm (1451 words)

	Ho Chi Minh hero file
		Ho and his lieutenants Vo Nguyen Giap and Pham Van Dong see the defeat of the French by the Germans as an opportunity to free Vietnam from the French regime.
		Ho compromises, agreeing to a coalition with the nationalists and the holding of a general election in January 1946.
		Ho dies of heart failure on 2 September in Hanoi, six years before the country is reunified.
	www.moreorless.au.com /heroes/ho.html (4646 words)

	Ho Chi Minh Trail turns tourist highway : HindustanTimes.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The trail, which featured prominently in the Vietnam War, has been added to itineraries of the country's booming tourist industry, with promoters cashing in on its history, landmarks, and the novelty of being able to motor, bike or even walk down the length of the country in the footsteps of bygone communist guerrillas.
		Given Ho's standing as a national icon, the village draws an average of 1.5 million domestic visitors and a smattering of foreigners each year.
		It was on one of Ho's birthdays, on May 9, 1959, that construction of the trail began with the establishment of Military Transport Division 559, made up of 440 young men and women.
	www.hindustantimes.com /news/181_1385279,001100020013.htm (1070 words)

	ABOUT THE LEGENDARY HO CHI MINH TRAIL
		HO CHI MINH TRAIL AND THE NEW HIGHWAY
		Prompted by tales of the formidable HCM Trail, many journalists and observers outside Vietnam quickly adopt the false notion that the new highway is built on the Ho Chi Minh Trail, or the Trail is reborn and rebuilt as HCM Highway, without giving it a second thought.
		The HCM Trail was a complex of parallel truck routes and foot paths.
	www.vietquoc.com /na110400.htm (1446 words)

	Ho Chi Minh Trail
		Most of the trail has been consumed by the forest in the 25 years since the war ended, but its myth is still there.
		The Ho Chi Minh trail has been the stuff of legend for both America and Vietnam since it confounded the United States military and led to a secret border-crossing bombing campaign that helped draw Cambodia into the horrors of the war.
		For both sides, the trail symbolized the determination and ingenuity of the North and the overmuscled inability of America's war machine to cope with small-bore guerrilla tactics.
	www.mishalov.com /Ho_Chi_Minh_Trail.html (719 words)

	The Ho Chi Minh Trail PSYOP Campaign
		The Ho Chi Minh Trail, also called the Truong Son Trail, was a complex web of jungle foot paths and truck routes.
		The North Vietnamese expertly built their trails as flat as if it had been laid out with a mason’s level, wide enough for two men to walk abreast, and when in use, not a twig or leaf was to be found on its hard surface.
		The Trail Campaign principal objectives were to plant doubt in the minds of the NVA infiltrators about the prospects of survival, to convince them that their mission was hopeless, and to encourage them to rally when they were sent south.
	www.psywarrior.com /TrailLeaflets.html (9293 words)

	Laos-Ho Chi Minh Trail (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The infamous Ho Chi Minh Trail- actually a complex network of dirt paths and gravel roads- runs parallel to the Laos-Vietnam border beginning at a point directly east of Savannaket.
		Though mostly associated with the 1963-74 Indochina War, the road network was originally used by the Viet Minh against the French in the 1950s as an infiltration route to the south.
		The trail's heaviest use occured between 1966 and 1971 when over 600,000 North Vietnamese Army (NVA) troops- along with 100 tonnes of provisions and 500,000 tonnes or trucks, tanks, weapons and ordnance- passed along the route in direct violation of the 1962 Geneva accords.
	www.geocities.com /angmoh_2002/laos/laos-trail.html (514 words)

	Help construct the Ho Chi Minh Trail and give Bush a nightmare (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The former Ho Chi Minh Trail, actually a network of tracks, was constructed during the war by Vietnamese liberation warriors against the Americans.
		Via this trail, men and materiel were shipped from the independent north to the liberation army in the south.
		The existing road between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, Route 1, running along the coastal line in the east, was in many places impassable for several weeks.
	www.ptb.be /scripts/article.phtml?section=A3AAABBOBC&obid=13588 (991 words)

	Ho Chi Minh Trail - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Ho Chi Minh Trail, routes through eastern Laos and Cambodia into South Vietnam that were used by the National Liberation Front (NLF) and troops of...
		Laos: Ho Chi Minh Trail during the Vietnam War
		Johnson believed that the key to success in the war in South Vietnam was to frighten North Vietnam’s leaders with the possibility of full-scale U.S....
	ca.encarta.msn.com /Ho_Chi_Minh_Trail.html (171 words)

	CNN.com - Tourists target Ho Chi Minh trail - Jul 28, 2005 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Ho Chi Minh trail, as it was during the height of the Vietnam War.
		HO CHI MINH HIGHWAY, Vietnam (AP) -- If relentless American bombing didn't get him, it would take a North Vietnamese soldier as long as six months to make the grueling trek down the jungled Ho Chi Minh Trail.
		The highway, more than 1,200 kilometers (745 miles) of which are already open to traffic, begins at the gates of Hanoi, the capital, and ends at the doorsteps of Ho Chi Minh City, which was known as Saigon when it was the former capital of South Vietnam.
	www.cnn.com /2005/TRAVEL/07/28/vietnam.hoichminh.trail.ap (1138 words)

	The Nautilus Institute: Vietnam FOIA Background (Ho Chi Minh Trail) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Ho Chi Minh trail, known within Vietnam as the "Truong Son Strategic Supply Route," was an elaborate system of mountain and jungle trails linking North Vietnam to its allies in the South Vietnam, Cambodia, and Laos.
		To the east, the pass is flanked by a peak of 6,600 feet and on the Laotian side to the west, with a series of mountains in the 4000-4500 foot range.
		Despite the hundreds of thousands of tons of bombs that were dropped on Mu Gia and other strategic sections of the Ho Chi Minh trail, the Rolling Thunder campaign begun in March 1965 failed in its interdiction objectives for reasons that are still debated by military historians.
	www.nautilus.org /VietnamFOIA/background/HoChiMinhTrail.html (2056 words)

	BBC NEWS \| Asia-Pacific \| Tourists to take Ho Chi Minh trail
		The Ho Chi Minh trail was a frequent target for American bombing during the Vietnam War but its network of paths, tunnels and canals was never fully destroyed.
		The Ho Chi Minh trail - named after Vietnam's independence hero - began in 1959 as a footpath over the Truong Son mountain.
		The highway as well as the Ho Chi Minh trail project should be completed by 2005 - the 30th anniversary of the end of the war.
	news.bbc.co.uk /2/hi/asia-pacific/2489457.stm (258 words)

	SOME COLLECTIVE FACTS ABOUT HO CHI MINH
		Ho Chi Minh is one of the most well-known Vietnamese because of his leading role in the war between North and South Vietnam, commonly known as the Vietnam War (1954-1975), as well as the eternal spiritual leader of the current Vietnamese Communist regime.
		In fact, Ho Chi Minh was a real name of an old Chinese man who was believed to be a beggar.with unlocated relatives.
		- Ho Chi Minh and the Vietnamese communist regime.
	www.vietquoc.com /0006vq.htm (1009 words)

	Ho Chi Minh Trail Retrospective with Tim Page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Ho Chi Minh Trail was for decades the single most important piece of real estate in Southeast Asia, but very little of this importance filtered into the Western news media.
		Those who built and used the all-important Trail, the parts they played in the war effort, their motivations, and their fears and loves, are the subject of Tim's retrospective.
		Among these are Ho Chi Minh's personal photographer and a number of his contemporary colleagues, officers and generals who built the Trail, and soldiers who travelled down the Trail.
	www.thaitourism.com /articles/06_03_1.asp (1038 words)

	Air Force Magazine
		The route south was the Ho Chi Minh Trail.
		The Ho Chi Minh Trail was not a single road but rather a honeycomb of routes, passing through country that was alternately limestone karst, triple-canopy jungle, and grassland.
		It was a conflict directed and sustained by North Vietnam and the lifeline for it was the Ho Chi Minh Trail.
	www.afa.org /magazine/Nov2005/1105trail.asp (4765 words)

	Ho Chi Minh Trail
		The Ho Chi Minh Trail was a network of roads built from North Vietnam to South Vietnam through the neighboring countries of Laos and Cambodia, to provide logistical support to the Vietcong and the North Vietnamese Army during the Vietnam War.
		It was on one of Ho's birthdays, May 9, 1959, that the trail's construction began with the establishment of Military Transport Division 559, comprising 440 young men and women.
		For the Vietnamese of the North the Ho Chi Minh Trail symbolized the aspirations of a people — hiking it became the central experience of a generation.
	www.u-s-history.com /pages/h1875.html (667 words)

	Voyage Vietnam - Ho Chi Minh Trail Tour (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		It is a system of trails through the jungles following the Truong Son (as the road is known to the Vietnamese) mountain range along the Laotian frontier extending to the South-East areas of Laos.
		The Trail has now been made into a highway, but it was never one straight road like the road No 1 from Hanoi to HCM City, it also consists of stretches between two points.
		Be one of the first people to discover the Trail by bike, to witness the history and discover first-hand the difficulties and perseverance the Vietnamese faced undertaking this journey on foot.
	www.voyagevietnam.net /eng/8-14.php (809 words)

	Vietnam To Build Ho Chi Minh Trail Into Tourist Attraction (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		The Ho Chi Minh Trail was used by the northern communists to move soldiers and supplies south for the fight against U.S.-backed South Vietnam during the Vietnam War.
		It was massively bombed by U.S. aircraft and became a symbol of the determination of the victorious communist side.
		Central provinces through which the trail runs were the worst devasted during the war that ended in 1975 and remain among Vietnam's poorest regions.
	www.rense.com /general11/ho.htm (260 words)

	Vietnam: Ho Chi Minh Trail for PC Review - PC Vietnam: Ho Chi Minh Trail Review (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		Ho Chi Minh Trails makes up for its total lack of depth with the visceral thrill of raw, senseless destruction.
		At first glance, Ho Chi Minh Trail looks like a first-person shooter, but you quickly discover that you can't actually move about.
		Fortunately, Ho Chi Minh Trail makes up for its total lack of depth with the visceral thrill of raw, senseless destruction.
	www.gamespot.com /pc/action/hochiminhtrail/review.html (938 words)

	The Seattle Times: Travel: Ho Chi Minh Trail connects past and future
		HO CHI MINH HIGHWAY, Vietnam — If relentless American bombing didn't get him, it would take a North Vietnamese soldier as long as six months to make the grueling trek down the jungled Ho Chi Minh Trail.
		The highway, more than 745 miles of which are already open to traffic, begins at the gates of Hanoi, the capital, and ends at the doorsteps of Ho Chi Minh City, which was known as Saigon when it was the former capital of South Vietnam.
		Over the next 16 years, the trail, which also wound through neighboring Laos and Cambodia, carried more than a million North Vietnamese soldiers and vast quantities of supplies to battlefields in South Vietnam despite ferocious American airstrikes.
	seattletimes.nwsource.com /html/travel/2002542297_vietnamhighway09.html?syndication=rss (769 words)

	Rozmaitość - Gry - Wirtualna Polska
		Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh Trail has troops coming at you from different locations, at different speeds, and with different tactics - you've got to shoot, call for artillery and napalm, and manage your ammo and helicopter ammo supply all without losing sight of the mission objective.
		During this war, Ho Chi Minh was aging and actually died in 1969, but a supply line used by the north and known as the Ho Chi Minh Trail fed supporters to the south.
		So Ho Chi Minh himself is not part of the game, but in the game, you are located near the trail and must destroy troops and supplies going down the trail and passing through your area.
	gry.wp.pl /core.html?filtr=0,0&x=rozmaitosc,231 (1248 words)

	Action Vault - Vietnam War: Ho Chi Minh Trail Interview
		In 1945, Ho Chi Minh and his People's Congress formed the National Liberation Committee of Vietnam, with the goal of setting up a provisional government.
		John Fuhrman: Ho Chi Minh Trail is a fixed-position first-person shooter reminiscent of the Beachhead series, only this time, everything happens in wartime Vietnam.
		John Fuhrman: The idea behind Ho Chi Minh Trail is that you are a Special Forces commando not only trying to survive in hostile territory until it's time to be evacuated, but also do your best offensively and carry out different attacks on enemy operations in the area.
	actionvault.ign.com /features/interviews/hcmtrailint.shtml (1141 words)

	USATODAY.com - Vietnam's legendary Ho Chi Minh Trail: from bloody road to tourist highway (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-07)
		HO CHI MINH HIGHWAY, Vietnam — If relentless American bombing didn't get him, it would take a North Vietnamese soldier as long as six months to make the grueling trek through jungle down the Ho Chi Minh Trail.
		The trail, which featured prominently in the Vietnam War, has been added to itineraries of the country's booming tourist industry, with promoters cashing in on its history, landmarks — and the novelty of being able to motor, bike or even walk down the length of the country in the footsteps of bygone communist guerrillas.
		Ho Chi Minh Trail Adventure offers mountain biking or Jeep trips; www.exotissimo.com or (011) (84-4) 828-2150.
	www.usatoday.com /travel/destinations/2005-06-02-vietnam-trail_x.htm (1296 words)

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