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Topic: Ho Dynasty

	Citadel of Ho Dynasty - UNESCO World Heritage Centre
		Ho Citadel locates in adjacent to the four villages: lay Giai, Xuan Giai, Thuong Giai and Dong Mon in two districts Vinh Long and Vinh Tien, in Vinh Lac District, Thanh Hoa province.
		This is a typical decoration on stone of relics in Ly dynasty and early Tran dynasty.
		Ho citadel can be compared with other world citadel, ancient city and Derbent fortress which were pat of northern lines of the Sasanian Persian Empire in the East and West of the Caspian Sea.
	whc.unesco.org /en/tentativelists/5073 (906 words)

	Hanoi Summary
		The only vestiges remaining of the Ho Dynasty Citadel are its south wall and gate, and two carved stone dragons that formerly had been part of the royal palace's structure.
		In 1408, Vietnam was invaded by Chinese troops from the Ming Dynasty and Đông Đô was renamed Đông Quan (Eastern Gateway) by the Chinese.
		In the city are the Ho Chi Minh mausoleum, the National History Museum, the Revolution Museum, the Temple of Literature (Van Mieu), One Pillar Pagoda (Chua Mot Cot), Flag Tower of Hanoi (Cột cờ Hà Nội) and several historic monuments.
	www.bookrags.com /Hanoi (2141 words)

	Vietnam - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		During the rule of the Trần Dynasty, it defeated three Mongol attempts of invasion by the Yuan Dynasty.
		Feudalism in Vietnam reached its zenith in the Lê Dynasty of the 15th century, especially during the reign of Emperor Le Thanh Tong.
		Ho Chi Minh City was formerly known and is still referred to by many as Saigon.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Vietnam (2882 words)

	Vietnam Facts, Vietnam History, Vietnam Travel Tips from Asianventure Tours
		HO DYNASTY and 1408-1428 AD The decline began since late Tran Dynasty which was overthrown by Ho Dynasty who took power during 1400-1407, but Ho did not last long.
		The new dynasty of Tay Son lasted for 14 years and was subdued to Nguyen Anh Gia Long who was supported by the French army.
		President Ho was half satisfied, and determined to re-unite the country by invading the South.
	www.asianventure.com /vietnam/facts/vietnam_facts.html (1066 words)

	Triumph Forsaken - Cambridge University Press
		Born in 1890 in the province of Nghe An, Ho was the son of a well-to-do mandarin.
		Ho Chi Minh was a nationalist in the sense that he had a special affection for Vietnam’s people and favored Vietnamese unification and independence, but, from his reading of Lenin’s Theses onward, he firmly adhered to the Leninist principle that Communist nations should subordinate their interests to those of the international Communist movement.
		Ho Chi Minh detested the Chinese Nationalists and wanted to be free of their influence, but this hatred did not translate into hatred of the Chinese in general, anymore than Harry Truman’s animosity toward the Nazis translated into hatred of the Germans in general.
	www.cambridge.org /us/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521869110&ss=exc (4258 words)

	The Ho Dynasty - Asia Finest Discussion Forum
		Ho Quy Ly was hit by the Chinese imperial aggressors at a critical time when the ordinary people had been seriously alienated by the Tran misrule and when his reforms had yet to take effect.
		Ho basically agreed to USA divide and conquer method, instead of unite and kick asz.
		I found the Ho Dynasty too be too sordid and promiscious to be of any merit.
	www.asiafinest.com /forum/index.php?showtopic=59948 (738 words)

	Vietmedia: Vietnam Music Lyrics Culture Chat Midi Picture Image News History
		Ho Chi Minh determined to unite Vietnam; Americans determined to halt the spread of Communism in Asia by preventing the unification.
		Le Qui Ly was cousin to the Queen, Le Thi, and served as minister during the Tran Dynasty.
		In the mean time, well aware that Ho had usurped the throne, the Chinese Ming Emperor sent 5,000 soldiers into the country to uproot the new king and reclaim Viet territory.
	www.vietmedia.com /history/?L=hoquily.html (404 words)

	Enter the dragon - Business - www.smh.com.au
		Ho's life has been a struggle to emerge with profit and dignity from the shadows of Southern China's rich and ruthless Pearl River estuary, flanked by the former foreign trading posts of Hong Kong and Macau.
		In 1987, one of Ho's key lieutenants was slashed behind the knees with a meat chopper (a favourite triad weapon) and bled to death.
		Ho's estranged sister Winnie, 82, is battling him for what she claims is her fair stake in STDM, put by one report in 2001 at 7 per cent, both for herself and her son, Michael Mak Shun-ming.
	www.smh.com.au /news/Business/Enter-the-dragon/2005/03/18/1111086012023.html (3518 words)

	[No title]
		A little bit further is the green Ho Hoan Kiem (Restored Sword Lake), which tells the story of the Tortoise Genie rising out of the lake surface to lend Le Loi, leader of an insurrection, a sacred sword to help him eliminate the northern invaders.
		The order was considered the first wonderful prose describing a high appreciation of the Ly Dynasty of the value the land people of the ancient citadel to be chosen as the new capital of the country.
		Ho Qui Ly, a high-ranking court officer, overthrew the king and self proclaimed himself the king of a new dynasty - the Ho Dynasty.
	www.lycos.com /info/hanoi.html (635 words)

	Wang Bi [Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy]
		Wang Bi (Wang Pi), styled Fusi, is regarded as one of the most important interpreters of the classical Chinese texts known as the Daodejing (Tao Te Ching) and the Yijing (I Ching).
		He lived and worked during the period after the collapse of the Han dynasty in 220 CE, an era in which elite interest began to shift away from Confucianism toward Daoism.
		Wang’s approach, as far as we can tell from what remains of the commentary, was to focus on those passages that stress the limited capacity of language, especially with respect to the inability to define in language the nature of the sage.
	www.iep.utm.edu /w/wangbi.htm (2934 words)

	Vietnam history and travel information including Vietnam accommodation - tourism in Hanoi, Ho chi Minh City
		This name remained throughout the Dinh dynasty (868-979), Pre-Le dynasty (980-1009) and the beginning of Ly dynasty (1010-1053).
		In March 1400, Ho Quy Ly usurped the throne of King Tran Thieu De, founded the Ho dynasty and changed the country's name to Dai Ngu, meaning peace in the ancient language.
		Following the triumph of the August Revolution on August 19th 1945, which had entirely swept away Vietnamese feudal and French colonial oppression and began a new era in the country, President Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the nation's independence and the national name Democratic Republic of Vietnam was born on September 2nd 1945.
	www.vietnam-hotels-resorts.com /history.htm (1057 words)

	Vietnam War
		Being Western-oriented and perceived as less popular than Ho Chi Minh's northern government, the South Vietnam government fought largely to maintain its governing status within the partitioned entity, rather than to "unify the country" as was agreed to at the Geneva Conference.
		The Ho Chi Minh Trail was steadily expanded to become the vital lifeline for communist forces in South Vietnam, which included the North Vietnamese Army in the 1960s when it became a major target of U.S. air operations.
		That the Ho Chi Minh trail was built on the conquered territory of North Vietnam's neighbors was irrelevant to its leadership.
	webpages.charter.net /wisconsinlegion-7thdistrict/Vietnam_War_Overview.htm (14502 words)

	Triumph Forsaken
		Having no dress clothes of his own, Ho was wearing a faded khaki suit and a high-collared jacket that he had borrowed from an acquaintance, and atop his head was a pith helmet.
		At Ho’s invitation, several American officers from the Office of Strategic Services were standing near the platform, and two American P-38 Lightning fighters happened to fly over the assemblage during the event, both of which created a false impression that the United States government was endorsing Ho Chi Minh.
		Born in 1890 in the province of Nghe An, Ho was the son of a well-to-do mandarin.
	www.triumphforsaken.com /index.php?pr=Excerpt (4266 words)

	Vacation in Hanoi Vietnam with Asian Vacations, Inc.
		Ho Quy Ly, a high-ranking court official, overthrew the king and proclaimed himself the king of a new dynasty - Ho Dynasty.
		In 1407, the Ming aggressors defeated the army of Ho Dynasty.
		The Ho Chi Minh House-on-stilts is located in the compound of the Presidential Palace (former Residence of the Governor General of Tonkin).
	www.vacationsinvietnam.com /Hanoi.htm (4462 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		The Ho Dynasty (1400-1407) carried out reforms to overcome the crisis which began late in the Tran Dynasty.
		Ho Quy Ly imposed policies to reduce feudal tenure and issued paper notes instead of coins.
		King Ho could not organize resistance against the Ming invasion and the country was conquered by the Ming Empire.
	www.datviet.com /vietnam/overview/history.html (1667 words)

	Vietnam
		Nguyen Nhac, the eldest brother of Tay Son ascended the throne, proclaimed himself Emperor Thai Duc, established the Tay Son Dynasty with capital in Phu Xuan (Hue).
		Under Nguyen dynasty, Vietnam economy, politics, society..developed very slowly, the way of thinking, of living of ancient Chinese dynasties had been maintained as pattern for King and his Court to decide any behavior.
		Ho's party, in 40's created League for the independence of Vietnam (Viet Minh)- a coalition of nationalist, dominated by communists - to resist the Japanese invation and their occupation of Vietnam in early days of World War II.
	adoptionworld.org /vietnam/viet7.html (3363 words)

	A GLIMPSE OF VIETNAM'S HISTORY
		Externally, this dynasty was marked by conflicts with the Mongol Dynasty in China, and with the Champa Kingdom in the South.
		Externally, however, the Ho Dynasty was encountering difficulties in its relations with the Champa, and with the Chinese Ming Dynasty.
		The Mac Dynasty is usually reckoned as having ended with Mac Mau Hop's death in 1592, after lasting for 65 years, although the Mac retained control of a small area, the province of Cao Bang, in the Northern frontier region.
	www.vietspring.org /history/glimpse.html (7744 words)

	[No title]
		It concluded with the 1954 Geneva Accords which temporarily divided Vietnam at the 17th parallel (into North and South) as a mean to separate French and Viet Minh forces, but also set the stage for the next real war.
		The second Indochina War, better known as the Vietnam War, tested Ho Chi Minh's determination to unite Vietnam, and the Americans to halt the spread of Communism in Asia by preventing the unification.
		Ho Chi Minh determined to unite Vietnam; Americans determined to halt the spread of Communism in Asia by preventing the unification.
	www.tntt.org /hstt/lichsuvietnam.html (939 words)

	Asia Times - News and analysis from throughout Southeast Asia
		HO CHI MINH CITY - Efforts to revive the nha nhac, court music that harks back to Vietnam's ancient past, have been successful - perhaps too successful.
		But cultural officials may have to be more vigilant in efforts to revive - and in some cases tinker with - ancient heritage if their authenticity is to be maintained.
		The turbulent events that shook Vietnam in the last century, especially the collapse of the dynasty in 1945 and subsequent decades of devastating wars, threatened the survival of nha nhac.
	www.atimes.com /atimes/Southeast_Asia/FA08Ae06.html (887 words)

	Vietnamese History & Legends
		Ho Qui Ly was captured at the mouth of the Ky La River and his son Ho Han Thuong, on Mount Cao Vong; their last faithful followers fell at their side.
		The ephemeral Ho dynasty, which ruled Dai Ngu from 1400 to 1407, is not considered a legitimate dynasty by Vietnamese historians.
		Ho Qui Ly tried to maintain that he was a descendant of Ngu Thuan, one of the five legendary emperors of the Golden Age of Ancient China; therefore, he changed the name of Dai Viet to Dai Ngu.
	www.vietspring.org /legend/nason.html (1634 words)

	Vietnam The Tran Dynasty and the Defeat of the Mongols - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, ...
		Under the Tran dynasty (1225-1400), the country prospered and flourished as the Tran rulers carried out extensive land reform, improved public administration, and encouraged the study of Chinese literature.
		In 1400 General Ho Quy-ly seized the throne and proclaimed himself founder of the short-lived Ho dynasty (1400-07).
		He instituted a number of reforms that were unpopular with the feudal landlords, including a limit on the amount of land a family could hold and the rental of excess land by the state to landless peasants; proclamations printed in Vietnamese, rather than Chinese; and free schools in provincial capitals.
	www.workmall.com /wfb2001/vietnam/vietnam_history_the_tran_dynasty_and_the_defeat_of_the_mongols.html (495 words)

	vietnam: then&now
		In the administrative domain, Ho introduced the extension of royal appointments to his loyal servants.
		On education and society, he reformed the examination regulations, opened a new educational centre and opened the public health department.
		The Ming intervention led to the fall of the Ho Dynasty in 1407.
	library.thinkquest.org /25734/h/history11.html (211 words)

	Dynasty Gaming, Ho Group Team Up
		Dynasty will have a significant equity stake in Ho Majiang, which will earn revenue from the sale of special prepaid cards and other venues that enable Mahjong play.
		The formation of the Ho Majiang public company, which will be controlled by the Ho Group and partnered with local Chinese investors, will create an enterprise armed with Dynasty's intellectual property for use in non-wager play through the use of prepaid cards and other venues.
		Commenting from Ho Group headquarters in Macau, Dr. Stanley Ho said, "We are enthusiastic about the future of Ho Majiang which will propagate a game of skill unique in the world.
	www.casinocitytimes.com /news/article.cfm?contentID=157312 (496 words)

	Archaelogists unearth sacred worshipping site
		The site is 20,000sq.m, and is located 2.5km from the Ho Dynasty’s Citadel at Don Son Mountain (also known as Dun Mountain) in the Vinh Thanh Commune, which is in the Vinh Loc District.
		He added that the Nguyen Dynasty built the Nam Giao worshipping site in Hue between 1802-1819, later than the one they recently unearthed; it was later destroyed and rebuilt.
		The Ho Citadel in Thanh Hoa, of the Ho Dynasty, was built in 1402, according to the book Dai Viet Su Ky Toan Thu (The Complete History of Dai Viet).
	vietnamnews.vnagency.com.vn /2004-07/14/Stories/22.htm (508 words)

	TaiChi People : Resources : Tao Teh Ching
		A minister name Fei Kai suggested that Ho Sun Kon, who recited the words of Lao Tae year round, might be called on to explain the meanings.
		Ho Sun Kon said," the Tao is to be honored, and the Teh praised,- the emperor should ask himself." Hence Emperor Shiao Wen came with his followers to see him and said,"All the land under heaven are no other than the king's lands, and the people living theron are no other than the king's subjects.
		Ho Sun Kon then gave the emperor his manuscript of footnotes of Tao Teh Chin.
	www.taichiherb.com /index.php?fuseaction=resources.taotehching (753 words)

	Korea, Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Burma, Tibet, & Mongolia
		When Yen was conqured by the Ch'in Dynasty in 222, its Korean possessions passed with it, though my map of the Ch'in actually doesn't show it extending that far, so perhaps Ch'in control quickly lapsed.
		Chinese control lapsed in the last reign of the Later Han Dynasty, around 210 AD, but then was restablished in the Three Kingdoms Period by the Wei Dynasty, around 238.
		Koguryo is the kingdom that was attacked by the Sui Dynasty in 612.
	www.friesian.com /perigoku.htm (7990 words)

	Collection (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Tranh Tet is also called woodcarving painting edition or Dong Ho painting because this kind of painting was produced by woodcarving printing and mostly by artisans of Dong Ho hamlet in the North.
		Based on some family annals that related to the its origin, Tranh Tet took its origin from Ly dynasty (1010-1225) but there are some who argue that it had just appeared in Ho dynasty (1400-1414) and developed extensively in Le dynasty (1533-1788).
		But according to artisans of Dong Ho hamlet (Bac Ninh province, in North) and Nam Dang hamlet (Nghe An province, in Central), this kind of painting was imported from China in fifteenth century by Luong Nhu Hoc, a doctor of literature, in dynasty, brought back the art on an envoy mission to China.
	web.1asphost.com /HaiArt/collection.html (1225 words)

	First Division: The Imperial Annals
		Wang Mang had Ho Wu and Kung-sun Lu accused of plotting to advance each other; they were dismissed and sent to their homes.
		Ho Ch'uo (1661-1722) says, "By this [ordinance, Wang] Mang was ensnaring and attracting people who had been rejected, discarded, and despised, by giving them unhoped for extraordinary favors, in order that he might use them for his own purposes." In A.D. 210, (Cf.
		YÃ¼ of the Hsia [dynasty] was made the coadjutor to receive the offerings together with the official gods of the soils; Prince Millet was made the coadjutor to receive the offerings with the official gods of the grains.
	jefferson.village.virginia.edu /~cy2c/chun/hanshuChapterXII.xml (14157 words)

	Hanoi Information - Vietnam Travel, KIMTOURS (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-02)
		Ho Quý Ly, a high-ranking court official, overthrew the king and proclaimed himself the king of a new dynasty - Ho Dynasty.
		This dynasty removed the court to Tay Do(Western Capital) in Thanh Ho¸ province.
		From the size to the form of the branch and the design of the pot, every tiny detail must be in harmony with the sentiment or philosophy that one wishes to express, in addition to matching with the interior decoration of the house.
	www.kimtours.net /english_info/hanoi.htm (4212 words)

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