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Topic: Hockey at the 1908 Summer Olympics

	Summer Olympics: Hockey
		Hockey was included for the first time in the competition schedule of the 1908 Olympic games.
		Hockey is a keep away game, teams try to keep the ball away from the other team and try to score a goal so you win.
		In hockey you can only use the flat face or edge of the stick, but if you are goalie you can use all of the stick and you can also use every part of your body.
	www2.lhric.org /pocantico/olympics/hockey.htm (218 words)

	INTERNATIONAL OLYMPIC COMMITTEE - OLYMPIC GAMES
		The 1908 Olympics were originally awarded to Rome, but were reassigned to London.
		1908 marked the first appearance of diving and field hockey.
		Olympic Oath by: The first athletes' oath was sworn at the 1920 Olympic Games in Antwerp, Belgium.
	www.olympic.org /uk/games/past/index_uk.asp?OLGT=1&OLGY=1908 (349 words)

	Winter Olympics - MSN Encarta
		The Olympics organization is headed by a president, elected by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) members for an initial period of eight years.
		Alpine skiing, for men and women, has been part of the Olympic programme since 1948: the events are the downhill, the slalom, the giant slalom (since 1952), the super giant slalom or super-G (since 1988), and the combined event (downhill and slalom), which has been staged intermittently since 1936.
		Luging entered the Olympic repertoire in 1964 and has been dominated by German participants; men compete for singles and doubles events, while women vie for singles only.
	uk.encarta.msn.com /encyclopedia_761572547/Winter_Olympics.html (1241 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Hockey is any of a family of sports in which two teams compete by trying to maneuver a ball, or a hard, round disc called a puck, into the opponent's net or goal, using a hockey stick.
		Modern field hockey sticks are J-shaped and constructed of a composite of wood, glass fibre or carbon fibre (or both) and have a curved hook at the playing end, a flat surface on the playing side and curved surface on the rear side.
		While modern field hockey appeared in the mid-18th century in England, primarily in schools, it was not until the first half of the 19th century that it became firmly established.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=hockey (1512 words)

	1960 Summer Olympics at AllExperts
		The 1960 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad, were held in 1960 in Rome, Italy.
		Rome had been awarded the organisation of the 1908 Summer Olympics, but, after the 1906 eruption of Mount Vesuvius, had to decline and pass the honours to London.
		It was the second time an athlete died in competition at the Olympics, after the death of Portuguese marathon runner Francisco Lazaro at the 1912 Summer Olympics.
	en.allexperts.com /e/0/1960_summer_olympics.htm (530 words)

	CNNSI.com - The Cold Wars - Prologue
		The modern Olympic Games debuted in 1896, but it took 28 years for the Winter Games to receive their own showcase.
		Hockey was also included in the 1920 summer program.
		Despite the objections of the Scandinavians, who were concerned that a winter Olympics would undercut their quadrennial Nordic Games, 294 cold-weather competitors from 16 nations gathered in Chamonix, France.
	sportsillustrated.cnn.com /olympics/2002/coldwars/popups/prologue/1924.html (173 words)

	World Almanac for Kids
		The skates worn for ice hockey differ from those used for figure skating and speed skating in that the blade is thinner and shorter, with a plain, pointed end, and the boot is lower and thicker.
		Ice hockey was added to the roster of the summer Olympic games in 1920 and became part of the winter games when they began four years later.
		Women’s ice hockey is governed by the IIHF under the same rules as those for men’s hockey, except that body checking is not allowed; body contact, unless it results from playing the puck, constitutes an infraction of the rules.
	www.worldalmanacforkids.com /explore/sports/hockey.html (1903 words)

	2004 Summer Olympics information - Search.com (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		The 2004 Summer Olympics, officially known as the Games of the XXVIII Olympiad, were held in Athens, Greece, over a period of 17 days from August 13 to August 29, 2004.
		Athens was chosen as the host city during the 106th IOC Session held in Lausanne in 05 September 1997, after surprisingly losing the bid to organize the 1996 Summer Olympics to Atlanta nearly seven years before, on 18 September 1990, during the 96th IOC Session in Tokyo.
		It was the first Olympics since NBC had merged with Vivendi Universal Entertainment; the merger, along with the acquisitions of the Bravo and Telemundo networks, made it possible for the network to broadcast over 1200 hours of coverage during the games, triple what was broadcast in the U.S. four years earlier.
	c10-ss-1-lb.cnet.com /reference/2004_Summer_Olympics (2280 words)

	Hockey - World Of Sports - Fun And Learning Place For Indian Kids
		Although hockey is an ancient game, the earliest mention of the sport goes back to 1527, when the Galway Laws mention that 'hokie' was one of the games banned by law (hockey being a popular game, the rulers were afraid it would interfere in the performance of duties!)
		Olympic games that year, the Indian team, competing for the first time, won the gold medal without conceding a goal in five matches.
		There are two umpires for every hockey match (one for each half of the field) who are on the lookout for any sign of foul play during the game.
	www.indiavilas.com /kidscorner/defaultmain.asp?k=hockey (1894 words)

	2008 Summer Olympics Information
		The centerpiece of the 2008 Summer Olympics is the construction of the Beijing National Stadium which began on December 24, 2003.
		According to the International Olympic Committee, the emblem is the first of the modern Olympics to use red as the dominant colour, an important colour for the Chinese people throughout its history.
		Some environmental groups have called for a boycott of the 2008 Summer Olympics after it was reported that the Chinese government placed an order for US$1 billion on 800,000 cubic meters of Merbau hardwood from the endangered rainforests of Indonesia's Papua province to be used in the construction of the games.
	www.bookrags.com /wiki/2008_Summer_Olympics (2797 words)

	Learn more about 1936 Summer Olympics in the online encyclopedia. (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Although awarded before the Nazi Party came to power in Germany, the government saw the Olympics as a golden opportunity to promote their fascist ideology.
		Rower Jack Beresford won his fifth Olympic medal in the sport, and his third gold medal.
		For the first time the Olympic Flame was brought to the Olympic Town by a torch relay, with the starting point in Olympia, Greece.
	www.onlineencyclopedia.org /1/19/1936_summer_olympics.html (481 words)

	kiat.net: Olympic Games London 1908
		Twenty-two countries competed in the 1908 Olympics, the same number as in 1900, but the number of athletes increased dramatically, from 1,330 to 2,035.
		As a result of the controversy, the IOC decided, after the 1908 Games, that judges would be drawn from an international pool, rather than being furnished by the host country, and that standardized rules would be drawn up for all sports.
		On the brighter side, the overall organization of the 1908 Olympics was nearly impeccable despite an almost constant downpour of rain.
	www.kiat.net /olympics/history/04london.html (1068 words)

	Olympics
		Until 1994, the Winter and Summer Olympics were held in the same year, but in 1986 the International Olympic Committee, which organises the Olympics, decided to separate them, so as to spread costs for all involved parties.
		As with the Ancient Olympics, once the flame has been lit, it is kept burning throughout the celebration of the Olympics, and is extinguished at end of the closing ceremony of the Games.
		The Olympic fire is then extinguished, and the Olympic flag is lowered, folded, and presented to the mayor of the host city of the next Olympic Games.
	www.nalis.gov.tt /olympics/Olympics.htm (1089 words)

	ipedia.com: 1996 Summer Olympics Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		Also during the games, the Centennial Olympic Park bombing took place on July 27, 1996 killing Alice Hawthorne and wounding 111 others, and eliciting the death of Melih Uzunyol by heart attack.
		Cycling professionals were admitted to the Olympics, with five-time Tour de France winner Miguel Induráin winning the inaugural individual time trial event.
		Michelle Smith of Ireland wins three gold medals and a bronze, but her victories are overshadowed by doping allegations, which are later reinforced as she is banned after failing a test in 1999.
	www.ipedia.com /1996_summer_olympics.html (488 words)

	Winter Olympics 2002 \| Salt Lake City
		It was the first Winter Games in a capital city instead of a small resort town, and in the eyes of one Norwegian chronicler, the urban setting and large crowds gave the Winter Olympics the kind of boost that Stockholm had given the then-struggling Summer Olympics in 1912.
		The first Winter Olympics in the western United States were the inspiration of a transplanted Easterner named Alex Cushing, who saw Squaw Valley for the first time in the late 1940s and decided he was going to move there and build a ski resort.
		The Lillehammer Olympics were spectacular in their spirit, originality, architecture, conscience, and, of course, the athletic competition itself.
	web.knoxnews.com /web/kns/sports/olympics/thepast.shtml (2107 words)

	1908 Summer Olympics at AllExperts
		The fifth modern Olympic games, originally scheduled to be held in Rome, were instead held in 1908 in London, England.
		Funds that were to have gone to the Olympics were diverted to the reconstruction of Naples, so a new venue was required.
		The 1908 Olympics also prompted the establishment of standard rules for sports, and the selection of judges from different countries, rather than just the host.
	en.allexperts.com /e/0/1908_Summer_Olympics.htm (625 words)

	Lesson Plan - Olympics (World Celebrations)
		The festival that our modern Olympic Games were patterned after was held at the foot of Mount Olympus, the peak of which was believed to be the home of the Gods.
		During the 1908 Olympic Games, ice skating was included as an event for the first time and then again in 1920 along with ice hockey.
		The cities desiring the privilege of hosting the Olympics must apply 8 years in advance, then 6 years before the games the IOC chooses one of these cities to be the official site.
	teacherlink.ed.usu.edu /tlresources/units/Byrnes-celebrations/olympics.html (2026 words)

	Hockey, Hockey in The Beijing Olympic Games
		Hockey —an Introduction: Hockey is a sport in which two teams compete over a ball or a hard round disc called puck.
		Field hockey in the United States and Canada is mainly dominated by women.
		Hockey at the 2008 Olympic Games: At the 2008 Summer Olympic Games in Beijing, the hockey events will be held from 9 th August to 23 rd August.
	www.mapsofworld.com /olympics/beijing/olympic-events/hockey.html (346 words)

	usnews.com - Winter Olympics 2002 - War and Olympics
		The Secret Service leads the effort to protect 2,500 Olympic athletes and a million spectators.
		Both summer and winter games (also slated for Japan) are eventually canceled after Germany's 1939 invasion of Poland.
		But they enter the summer games, their first Olympics, out to prove Communists are best.
	www.usnews.com /usnews/olympics/winter/articles/timeline.htm (480 words)

	Olympics - EnchantedLearning.com
		The Greeks held the first Olympic games in the year 776 BC (over 2700 years ago), and had only one event, a sprint (a short run that was called the "stade").
		For each Olympics, a new flame is started in the ancient Olympic stadium in Olympia, Elis, Greece, using a parabolic mirror to focus the rays of the Sun.
		The events in the Summer Olympics include: archery, badminton, baseball, basketball, boxing, canoeing, cycling, diving, equestrian, fencing, football (soccer), gymnastics, handball, hockey, judo, kayaking, marathon, pentathlon, ping pong, rowing, sailing, shooting, swimming, taekwando, tennis, track and field (many running, jumping, and throwing events), triathlon, volleyball, water polo, weightlifting, wrestling (freestyle and Greco-Roman).
	www.enchantedlearning.com /olympics (1311 words)

	The History of the Olympic Games
		Small, local festivals were being called “Olympics” as early as the 17th century in places like England and France, but the discovery of the ruins of Olympia in the 19th century sparked interest in the games once again on an international scale.
		But the 1908 games in London were better organized and attended, and the event has steadily grown since that time, with only three Olympiads having not taken place, and those because of war--the ones in Germany in 1916 were cancelled, and none were scheduled for 1940 and 1944.
		The traditional sporting events of the Olympics going back to ancient times are those of track and field, but over the years the games have grown, first to include women’s events, and then to include winter sports like ice hockey and skiing.
	www.wam.umd.edu /~leannajf/olympics.html (1072 words)

	Oceanic - Around Town Hawaii - Features - Torino Winter Olympics 2006
		Despite objections from Baron Pierre de Coubertin, the founder of the modern Olympics, and the resistance of the Scandinavian countries, which had staged their own Nordic championships every four or five years from 1901 to 1926 in Sweden, the International Olympic Committee sanctioned an "International Winter Sports Week" in Chamonix, France, in 1924.
		The event ended the four-year Olympic cycle of staging both winter and summer Games in the same year and began a new schedule that called for the summer and winter Games to alternate every two years.
		Olympic Dictionary - 2,000 articles that make up the first work and first dictionary devoted to the entire history of the summer, winter, and ancient Olympic Games.
	www.hawaii.rr.com /features/2006/torino2006/default.htm (811 words)

	Olympics Timeline: Ancient Greece - 1940s
		The Olympic flag is introduced, as is the Olympic oath.
		In what may be the most famous incident in Olympic history, Jesse Owens wins four gold medals, showing up German claims of Aryan superiority.
		The American Olympic Committee sends a hockey team, as does the American Hockey Association; the IOC bars either from being considered for a medal.
	www.factmonster.com /spot/olympicstimeline.html (1345 words)

	BBC SPORT \| Olympics 2004 \| Hockey \| History \| India loom large in hockey
		Hockey is among the most ancient of sports, with records of a ball and stick game dating back to the earliest civilisations.
		Blackheath Football and Hockey Club was founded in London in 1861 and at nearby Teddington, much of the modern game was developed.
		As the British Empire increased in size the sport was spread around the world and men's hockey joined the Olympics in 1908, although the women's game did not feature until 1980.
	news.bbc.co.uk /sport1/hi/olympics_2004/hockey/history/default.stm (334 words)

	WONKA -- WONKA School -- Let's Learn About The History of the Olympics
		In the Winter Olympics, Biathlon consists of cross-country skiing and rifle shooting.
		Olympic figure skating consists of four medal events or disciplines: ladies' singles, men's singles, pairs (men and women together) and ice dancing.
		There are three events, one from a normal hill, one from a higher hill, and a team jump from the higher hill.
	www.wonka.com /wonkaschool/willysclassroom/learn/olympics/lla5.html (1061 words)

	ipedia.com: 1988 Summer Olympics Article (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-04)
		South Korea's government became a democracy under the pressure of organising the Olympics.
		After boycotts of the Olympics in 1976, 1980 and 1984, the Games were again boycotted, but only by four nations: North Korea, Cuba, Ethiopia and Nicaragua.
		Table tennis is introduced at the Olympics, with China and the host nation both winning two titles.
	www.ipedia.com /1988_summer_olympics.html (387 words)

	Your guide to the Turin Winter Olympics - Sport - theage.com.au
		The blue ribbon event of the Winter Olympics, alpine skiing is divided into five disciplines: downhill, slalom, giant slalom, super-G and combined, which brings together downhill and slalom.
		Played by two teams of four players each, on an area 44.5m long called the sheet, the aim of curling is to slide a stone as close as possible to the centre of a target called the house.
		Figure skating is the the oldest of the Winter Olympic sports _ it was on the Summer Olympic Games program in London in 1908 and Antwerp in 1920, and has been included in the Winter Games since their inception in Chamonix in 1924.
	www.theage.com.au /news/sport/your-guide-to-the-turin-winter-olympics/2006/02/10/1139542405628.html (2250 words)

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