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| | Flanders, Brittany, Burgundy, Anjou, Normandy, Blois, Champagne, Toulouse, etc. |
 | | Dukes of Gascony, 768-1038 AD The culture of the South of France in the 12th century is one of the first signs of the revival of civilization in Francia after the "second Dark Age" of the 9th and 10th centuries. |
 | | Duke William V had three wives, and subsequent Dukes were descendants of William VIII, son of William V and Agnes of Burgundy. |
 | | Count Gaston III marries the sister of King Charles the Bad of Navarre, but this relationship comes to naught when Gaston, the son of the Count and the only legitimate heir, is starved to death by his father. |
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