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Topic: Homininae

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	Homininae - Open Encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)

Homininae is a subfamily of Hominidae, including Homo sapiens and some extinct relatives, as well as the gorillas and the chimpanzees.

It comprises all those hominids, such as Australopithecus, that arose after the split from the other great apes (of which orangutans are the only surviving group).

A hominin is a member of the subfamily Homininae, a hominid is a member of the family Hominidae, and a hominoid is a member of the superfamily Hominoidea.

open-encyclopedia.com /Homininae (183 words)

	Homininae - Definition, explanation
		Discoveries led to a revision of classification, with the great apes (now Ponginae) and humans (Homininae) united in Hominidae.
		But further discoveries indicated that gorillas and chimpanzees are more closely related to humans than they are to orangutans, hence their current placement in Homininae.
		The subfamily Homininae is sometimes further subdivided into the tribes Gorillini (gorillas) and Hominini (chimpanzees and humans).
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/h/ho/homininae.php (204 words)

	Hominid - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		The exact criteria for membership in the Homininae are not clear, but the family generally includes those species who share more than 97% of their DNA with the modern human genome, and exhibit a capacity for language and for simple cultures beyond the family or band.
		The theory of mind, providing the capacity to lie convincingly, is a controversial criterion distinguishing the adult human alone among the hominids.
		However, without the ability to test whether early members of the Homininae such as australopithecines, Homo erectus, or Homo neanderthalensis had a theory of mind, it is irrational to ignore similarities seen in their living cousins.
	www.eastcleveland.us /project/wikipedia/index.php/Hominid (595 words)

	Ape - the free encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		It is now usual to use the subfamily Homininae to separate the hominids, in this narrow sense, from the extant non-human members of the familyHominidae.
		This led to the placing of thegreat apes in the family Hominidae along with humans, by demoting the Pongidae to a subfamily; the Hominidae family now containedthe subfamilies Homininae and Ponginae.
		Investigation showed orangutans to be the outgroup, but comparing humans toall three other hominid genera showed that African apes (chimpanzees and gorillas) and humans are more closely related to eachother than any of them are to orangutans.
	www.free-web-encyclopedia.com /?t=Ape (1250 words)

	Chimpanzee (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Common Chimpanzees have an omnivorous diet, a troop hunting culture based on beta males led by a relatively weak alpha, and highly complex social relationships; Bonobos, on the other hand, have a mostly vegetarian diet and an egalitarian, matriarchal, sexually promiscuous culture.
		The genus Pan is nowadays considered to be part of the subfamily Homininae to which humans also belong, although humans were once segregated from the other great apes in different families.
		Biologists believe that the chimpanzees are the closest evolutionary relatives to human beings.
	www.bidprobe.com /en/wikipedia/c/ch/chimpanzee.html (281 words)

	Homininae - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Hominoid taxonomy has had several changes in the classification of apes in recent years.
		The subfamily Homininae can be further subdivided into the tribes Gorillini (gorillas) and Hominini (chimpanzees and humans).
		A hominin is a member of the tribe Hominini, a hominine is a member of the subfamily Homininae, a hominid is a member of the family Hominidae, and a hominoid is a member of the superfamily Hominoidea.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Homininae (211 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Some researchers go so far as to include chimpanzees and gorillas in the genus Homo along with humans, but recent genetic evidence suggests that the human relationship to these species is not as close as previously thought.
		The exact criterion for membership in the Homininae is not clear, but usually includes the species who share more than 97% of their DNA with the modern human genome, and requires the capacity for language and for simple cultures beyond the family or band.
		However, without the ability to test whether early members of the Homininae such as australopithecines, Homo erectus, or Neanderthals had a theory of mind, it is irrational to ignore similarities seen in their living cousins.
	www.askmytutor.co.uk /h/ho/hominid.html (466 words)

	Homininae
		Homininae is a subfamily of Hominidae, including Homo sapiens and some extinct relatives, but excluding all living relatives such as the chimpanzee.
		In the Linnaean taxonomy, Hominidae has date priority over Pongidae, the great ape family.
		So the Homininae are those hominids, such as Australopithecus, who arose after the split from the other (still living) apes.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ho/Homininae.html (94 words)

	Spain Going Ape
		Homininae are divided into two tribes, Hominini and Gorillini (gorillas).
		Hominini are classed in two genera, the genus Pan with chimpanzees, and the genus Homo with human beings.
		Homininae are highly intelligent, some gorillas having learned to speak in sign language, and chimpanzees being observed to use tools and to have a learned culture.
	www.animalliberationfront.com /News/2006_06/SpainGoingApe.htm (732 words)

	Homininae (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		But it was then recognized that humans and the great apes are so close that they belong in the same family.
		At that point, Orangutans were then separated out into their own family, but that too was inaccurate, so they were all lumped into 'Hominidae', with 'Homininae' used in the sense of human or humanoid, and all the greater apes in 'Ponginae'.
		More recently, the gorillas and chimpanzees were again recognized as being more closely related to humans than to orangutans, and placed into 'Homininae' with humans.
	www.sciencedaily.com /encyclopedia/homininae (227 words)

	Definition of Homininae
		See the history of hominoid taxonomy for the details of this change.
		These terms should not be confused with each other.
		The list of authors can be found here.
	www.wordiq.com /definition/Homininae (245 words)

	Viewpoint: Is It Time to Revise the System of Scientific Naming? (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		In recognition of their genetic divergence some 11 to 13 million years ago, the orangutans would be placed in the sub-family Ponginae and the African apes, including humans, would all be lumped together in the sub-family Homininae.
		Well, I would never try to stand in the way of the advancement of science, but just try saying Hominidae, Homininae, Hominini three times fast in front of a first year Introduction to Anthropology class and you will have some sympathy for the scientist who clings to the term hominid for a few more years.
		The classification debate is not just a debate for the purist; it cuts to the very core of our understanding of human's place in nature and our evolutionary relationships with our closest living relatives.
	news.nationalgeographic.com /news/2001/12/1204_hominin_id_2.html (697 words)

	HISTORY OF EVOLUTION (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-26)
		Humans are classified in the mammalian order Primates; within this order, humans, along with our extinct close ancestors, and our nearest living relatives, the African apes, are sometimes placed together in the family Hominidae because of genetic similarities, although classification systems more commonly still place great apes in a separate family, Pongidae.
		If the single grouping, Hominidae, is used, the separate human line in the hominid family is distinguished by being placed in a subfamily, Homininae, whose members are then called hominines—the practice that is followed in this article.
		Two-legged walking, or bipedalism, seems to be one of the earliest of the major hominine characteristics to have evolved.
	schoolweb.missouri.edu /ashland.k12.mo.us/kct/history.html (767 words)

	John Hawks Anthropology Weblog : PhyloCode and human evolution
		We all recognize that African apes and humans are more closely related than either is to orangutans, and chimpanzees and humans closer than either is to gorillas.
		Many people would apply Hominidae to all the great apes, ponginae to orangutans, and homininae to the African apes and humans.
		We redefine Homininae Gray 1825 (converted clade name) as the most inclusive clade containing Homo sapiens and Gorilla gorilla not Pongo pygmaeus.
	www.johnhawks.net /weblog/topics/phylogeny/phylocode_2005.html (4580 words)

	Primate Genomics: The Search for Genic Changes that Shaped being Human
		Using the principle of age equivalence to assign taxonomic ranks to the various primate clades (i.e.
		Within Hominina, a phylogenetic branching (at ~7 Ma) separated Gorilla from Homo.
		Within Homo, a phylogenetic branching (at ~6 Ma) separated the subgenus for common chimpanzees and bonobos - that is, H.
	www.uchicago.edu /aff/mwc-amacad/biocomplexity/MGHGEP.html (4800 words)

	Writings: Evolution of the Vocal Apparatus and Language Origins in the Homininae
		Writings: Evolution of the Vocal Apparatus and Language Origins in the Homininae
		Evolution of the Vocal Apparatus and Language Origins in the Homininae
		Virtually all animals communicate with conspecifics—other members of the same species.
	www.pajamacore.org /writings/origins.php (1720 words)

	PlanetPapers Forums
		family is distinguished by being placed in a subfamily, Homininae, whose members
		is seen as the defining trait of the subfamily Homininae.
		Brain Size and Body Size Much of the human ability to make and use tools and
	www.planetpapers.com /forums/showthread.php?ID=1679 (2226 words)

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