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Topic: Homosexual Law Reform Society

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	Homophile - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The term "homophile" began to disappear with the emergence of the Gay Liberation movements of the late 1960s and early 1970s, replaced by a new set of terminology such as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender, although some of the homophile groups survived until the 1980s, 90s and even the present day.
		After the gains made by the homosexual rights movements of the late 19th and early 20th century, the vibrant homosexual subcultures of the 20s and 30s became silent as war engulfed Europe.
		Homosexual Law Reform Society (1958 - 1970 when it was renamed as the Sexual Law Reform Society).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Homophile_Movement (1038 words)

	Campaign for Homosexual Equality - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		The Campaign for Homosexual Equality (CHE) is a national gay rights organisation in the United Kingdom which aims to promote legal and social equality for lesbians, gays and bisexuals.
		After the Sexual Offences Act 1967 came into force, the London-based Homosexual Law Reform Society was thought by many to have achieved its aims.
		The NWHLRC, on the contrary, felt that much remained to be done, and named itself the Committee for Homosexual Equality (CHE) in 1969 with a view to becoming a national body for England and Wales (in close co-operation with its counterpart north of the border, the Scottish Minorities Group (SMG)).
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Campaign_for_Homosexual_Equality (659 words)

	Knitting Circle Homosexual Law Reform Society (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Andrew Hallidie Smith circulated the pamphlet Homosexuals and the Law, which was mainly drafted by Peter Wildeblood, to MPs in preparation for their first debate on the Wolfenden Report in November 1958.
		The most dramatic period of the history of the HLRS was during the campaign which led to the passing of the 1967 Sexual Offences Act.
		In March 1970 the HLRS reconstituted itself as the Sexual Law Reform Society (SLRS).
	myweb.lsbu.ac.uk /~stafflag/hlrs.html (853 words)

	[a rhythm of heavens and hells] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 1968, the Society presented a "petition signed by 75 prominent citizens" regarding homosexual laws to the government, which was rejected by parliament.
		Homosexual rights proved to still be unpopular in Parliament a couple of years later, when MPs refused to “include sexual orientation as grounds for protection against discrimination in the new Human Rights Commission Act” in 1977.
		Homosexual issues were put on the parliamentary agenda again when Warren Freer (a Labour MP) introduced a Crimes Amendment Bill (with an age of consent of 20) in 1979.
	www26.brinkster.com /noire/personal/fhss111_2.htm (2683 words)

	Byzantine Catholic Culture - Marriage (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The inevitable consequence of legal recognition of homosexual unions would be the redefinition of marriage, which would become, in its legal status, an institution devoid of essential reference to factors of heterosexuality such as procreation and raising of children.
		Legal recognition of homosexual unions or placing them on the same level as marriage would mean not only the approval of deviant behavior with the consequence of making it a model in present-day society, but would also obscure basic values which belong to the common inheritance of humanity.
		Homosexuality in the seminaries and the priesthood is the issue.
	www.byzantines.net /byzcathculture/marriage.html (3379 words)

	Australian Family Association - Useful Links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		When societies grant special rights and privileges to one minority group, it often comes at the expense of the rest of community.
		While homosexuals deserve to be treated with respect and civility, they do not, as a group, warrant special protections and benefits from the law.
		Even if people are born with a proclivity towards homosexuality, just as some might be born with a predisposition to over-eating or anger, the important thing is what we do with such proclivities.
	www.family.org.au /update/2003/u20030304.html (603 words)

	An Overview of GLBT History (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		The same societies which expected boys in their mid teens to become involved sexually with older men as part of a pederastic mentoring process also considered girls of that age to be ready for marriage.
		Homosexual behavior was not restricted to people who identified themselves as homosexuals, Kinsey found, and by adding those who were but did not identify as homosexuals to those who reported exclusively homosexual experiences, he concluded that roughly 10% of the population was homosexual.
		Homosexuals, the report claimed, were unsuitable for government employment due to their inherently weak moral fiber and to the high security risks they presented because of their susceptibility to flmail, and had to be rooted out.
	awsd.com /burgdorf/glbthistory.html (18354 words)

	\| In This Issue \| Law and History Review, 23.3 \| The History Cooperative
		In each instance, Stephen employed a metanarrative of law in the name of evangelical conscience to undermine the particular laws that sustained the institution to whose abolition he was committed.
		Historians have tended to attribute the decision to the rising power of liberal colonial administrators espousing the improvement of Indian society through the establishment of English education, free trade, and a rule of law.
		Contrary to Benthamite principles of universalism and science, however, the codification of law in India was deeply marked by the culture of colonialism and its ideology of difference.
	www.historycooperative.org /journals/lhr/23.3/iti.html (988 words)

	Society \| The long march
		We started under the name of the North-Western Homosexual Law Reform Committee because the Homosexual Law Reform Society was seen as purely London based, driven by the Hampstead set.
		But society has to move from tolerance to indifference so that we are the same as everyone else.
		They believed that the prejudice against homosexuals was so great and deep-rooted that the only way to beat it was to overthrow capitalism, abolish marriage and end the concept of the family - very revolutionary and radical, but naive nonsense.
	society.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,5026190-105909,00.html (3801 words)

	NYU School of Law - Global Public Service Law Project, LL.M. in Public Service Law
		In 1999-2000 she was a Fellow with the Public Interest Law Initiative in Transitional Societies at Columbia University, and Alternative Report Coordinator for the NGO Coordinating Committee for the Special Session on Women of the General Assembly of the UN.
		He is also a member of the Law Society of Kenya, the editor of its monthly newsletter, and a representative on its ten-member governing council.
		Currently, he is clinical law professor at the University of Palermo, where he has been involved in impact litigation in the areas of discrimination, and consumer and environmental protection.
	www.law.nyu.edu /programs/globalpublicservice/llm/scholars/2003.html (2184 words)

	Key Events - Homosexual Law Reform Retrospective - Resources - Lesbian & Gay Archives of New Zealand
		Gay Task Force (Wellington) publicly calls for law reform as a necessary AIDS prevention measure, and declares its existence publicly.
		Homosexual Law Reform Bill introduced by 51 to 24 votes; Gay Task Force begins distribution of paper on how to write a submission on the Bill.
		Homosexual Law Reform Act 1986 signed into law by the Governor-General; to come into effect on 8 August.
	www.laganz.org.nz /resources/keyevents.html (1433 words)

	A Longer History of the GLCS
		But it was male homosexuals, “queers’, ‘queens, “fairies’, “poofters’ who were the principle minority group that needed a sense of identity.
		In February 1970, the Victorian Humanist Society set up a homosexual law reform committee, and in July of that year, John Ware and Christabel Poll made the decision to form an openly homosexual group to be called CAMP Inc.
		In her preface to A Review of the 1976 Tribunal on Homosexuals and Discrimination, Justice Elizabeth Evatt wrote: ‘This revisitation shows, however, that it is a long and hard struggle to change attitudes and to achieve a fair and tolerant society.
	www.glcsnsw.org.au /about/long_history.html (2615 words)

	[No title]
		Moreover, debates over divorce law reform in the early twentieth century repeatedly raised the question of whether lesbianism should be grounds for divorce.
		In response to this pressure, civil servants, politicians and legal officials thus regularly discussed the operations of the criminal law, particularly after the appointment of the Departmental Committee on Homosexual Offences and Prostitution (the Wolfenden Committee) in 1954 (HO, CAB, DPP).
		Medical understandings of homosexuality, and responses to it, are reflected in records at The National Archives, as are early responses to AIDS (BD, MH, HO, PCOM, FD).
	www.nationalarchives.gov.uk /catalogue/Leaflets/ri2260.htm (3436 words)

	Gay and Lesbian Humanist – Reforming Spirits
		The reform campaign had begun with the formation of the London-based Homosexual Law Reform Society (HLRS) by the late A.
		The HLRS did valuable work in hacking away at the many obstinate and influential pockets of resistance to reform, but I soon discovered that there were important places that the campaign had not reached and that legislators presumed – as it turned out mistakenly – to be implacably opposed.
		The 1967 reform was a travesty of the Wolfenden recommendations – themselves cautious – and, after its enactment, there was evidence that anti-gay social attitudes were actually hardening, under the influence of new, malicious and homophobic newspaper columnists.
	www.galha.org /glh/241/nwhlrc.html (2082 words)

	A Chronology of Homosexuality in New Zealand - Part 1 - Queer History New Zealand
		The Wolfenden Association (later the Homosexual Law Reform Society) formed by members of the legal subcommittee of the Dorian Club in Wellington.
		A petition signed by 75 prominent citizens organised by the Homosexual Law Reform Society is presented to the government, and rejected.
		Homosexual Law Reform Committee of University of Canterbury Students’ Association holds a public meeting at which Whetu Tirikatene-Sullivan - a prominent opponent of the 1985 Wilde Bill - speaks.
	gaynz.net.nz /history/Part1.html (1400 words)

	WorldNetDaily: O'Connor praises international law
		In 2003, Ruth Bader Ginsburg told the American Constitution Society her colleagues are looking beyond America's borders for guidance in handling cases on issues like the death penalty and homosexual rights.
		In a decision earlier that year in a Texas case in which anti-sodomy laws were overruled, the justices first referred to the findings of foreign courts.
		"With emerging democracies groping toward the rule of law, with colleagues on the federal bench volunteering for constitution-writing duties in Iraq, it is not surprising that the justices have begun to see themselves as participants in a worldwide constitutional convention," the New York Times story said ominously.
	www.worldnetdaily.com /news/printer-friendly.asp?ARTICLE_ID=41143 (634 words)

	Forgetting and Remembering a Deported Alien
		His name was Clive Michael Boutilier, born in Nova Scotia in 1933, and in 1967 six of nine members of the U.S. Supreme Court upheld his deportation back to Canada on the grounds that he had been excludable at the time of his original entry.
		According to the Court, Congress intended to exclude homosexuals under the psychopathic personality provisions of the 1952 Immigration and Nationality Act, and the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was not violating Boutilier's rights by deporting him.
		As the United States experiences another period in which immigrants and aliens are particularly vulnerable to the racial, religious, linguistic, class, gender, and sexual prejudices of U.S. policymakers and government officials, there is much to be learned by studying the alliances and arguments that formed around Boutilier more than 35 years ago.
	hnn.us /articles/1769.html (736 words)

	Literary Encyclopedia: The Gay Liberation Movement
		Calling for an end to discrimination against homosexuals in law, employment, housing, child custody and other areas of life, the Gay Liberation Movement commenced with the Stonewall Riots in America on 27 June 1969.
		The Homosexual Law Reform Society and the Albany Trust had pressed for legal reforms for homosexuals in Great Britain throughout the 1960s, but the two affiliated organisations were nearly defunct by 1970.
		Formed from the moribund Law Reform Society, the CHE recognised the need for an organisation that extended beyond the platform of legal reform.
	www.litencyc.com /php/stopics.php?rec=true&UID=1384 (687 words)

	A Chronology of Homosexuality in New Zealand - Part 5 - Queer History New Zealand
		Governor General signs Homosexual Law Reform Act into law.
		The Human Rights Commission Amendment Act, outlawing discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation ("heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual or lesbian") or HIV, is passed by Parliament after only 1 1/2 days of debate but intensive lobbying.
		"Homosexual panic" defence fails when Bryan James Gardner is convicted of murdering David Shore after visiting two gay bars and going back to Shore's hotel room with him.
	gaynz.net.nz /history/Part5.html (1094 words)

	Gay Monitor - History of the Campaign for Homosexual Equality
		Antony did sterling work for law reform by lobbying the great and good, who would of course be non-gay.
		By the 1980s and 1990s many of the objectives had been won and as laws were changed, and gays took advantage, the need for a political mass movement on a CHE scale fell away.
		There was the lobbying of the parliamentarians to change the law – and the writing and speaking to change public opinion – from a position where all male gay sex was illegal.
	www.gaymonitor.co.uk /chehistory.htm (1449 words)

	Index to Mattachine Review, One & Early Homophile Publications
		It was in that year that the organization changed its name to "The Mattachine Society" as well as redirecting its goals from claiming a minority status and building a gay consciousness to one of assimilating gay people into mainstream society.
		A recent homosexual scandal in Boise brought the issue to light, since severe prison terms were handed out to participants, and this method of correcting the problem had been scored by criticism from Dr. Butler.
		And when it comes down to knowledge of homosexuality and homosexuals, we are the unbelievably stupid...we are not the very young - we range upward from about twenty-five years.
	www.tyleralpern.com /mattachine.html (2074 words)

	E.M. Forster
		These included civil liberties (he was twice president of the National Council for Civil Liberties - now Liberty) and freedom of expression (he appeared as a defence witness in the 'Well of Loneliness' court case and gave evidence in the one concerning 'Lady Chatterley's Lover').
		Although closetted during his lifetime, he was a staunch moral and financial supporter of the Homosexual Law Reform Society.
		During his retirement in Cambridge, he became president of the Cambridge Humanist Society.
	www.stonewallsociety.com /famouspeople/forster.htm (162 words)

	Gay and Lesbian History TimeLine of Events Page 1 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Homosexual prisoners in NAZI war camps were marked with a colored cloth triangle to denote their offence or origin.
		The usual triangle was about five centimeters across, but for homosexuals the triangle was larger so that it could be recognized from a distance.
		Hoover, suspected to be a homosexual himself, targets homosexuals associated with the government.
	www.trikkx.com /history1.html (756 words)

	Knitting Circle Tony Dyson (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		After the 1967 Sexual Offences Act the HLRS lost some impetus and Tony Dyson directed his energies mostly to interests other than homosexual law reform.
		One of Dyson's aims in his campaigning was to make use of the word 'homosexual' common in educated discourse to open a great debate.
		It was indeed fortunate that someone of his outstanding integrity and courage had undertaken this fraught task, which in less skilful and dedicated hands could have backfired disastrously.
	myweb.lsbu.ac.uk /~stafflag/tonydyson.html (2152 words)

	worldsincollision
		The focus of this book is the struggle for decriminalisation of sexual acts of male homosexuals in the period 1960-86.
		It begins by noting the repression and invisibility of homosexuals in the 1960s, before exploring the origins and significance of the NZ Homosexual Law Reform Society and the gay liberation movement.
		Because of the significance of religion in relation to the debate, a chapter is devoted to major change and cleavage that occurred within the churches.
	www.vuw.ac.nz /vup/2002titleinformation/worldsincollision.html (188 words)

	AIM25: British Library of Political and Economic Science: Albany Trust
		The first public meeting was held on 12 May 1960 at Caxton Hall, and culminated with a vote in favour of reform, resulting in a letter to the Home Office.
		The Society was reconstituted in 1970 as the Sexual Law Reform Society in order to campaign for further legal changes, particularly relating to the age of consent.
		The Albany Society Ltd was founded in 1968 as a charitable limited company to deal with the commercial side of the Trust's operations.
	www.aim25.ac.uk /cgi-bin/search2?coll_id=3213&inst_id=1 (600 words)

	Discover the Wisdom of Mankind on Gay Rights (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		In 1973, homosexuality was removed and replaced with "Sexual Orientation Disturbance" in the DSM-II; this was changed to "Ego-Dystonic Homosexuality" in the DSM-III and was removed entirely from the DSM-IV.
		From the 1870s, social reformers in other countries had began to take up the cause, but their identites were kept secret for fear of reprisal.
		The homophile movement, as it is now called, included such 1950s groups as the Mattachine Society, the Daughters of Bilitis and ONE, Inc. in the United States, COC in the Nethlands, the Arcadie circle in France and the Homosexual Law Reform Society in Britain.
	www.blinkbits.com /blinks/gay_rights (2071 words)

	Archive Record (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-12)
		Administrative/Biographical history: The Hall-Carpenter Archives, named in honour of the lesbian novelist Marguerite Radclyffe Hall and Edward Carpenter, the writer on social and sexual reform, exist to publicise and preserve the records and publications of gay organisations and individuals.
		The Hall-Carpenter Archives had their roots in the Gay Monitoring and Archive Project established by the Campaign for Homosexual Equality (CHE) in 1980 with the purpose of scrutinising the media for evidence of discrimination and caring for material deposited with CHE by earlier gay rights organisations.
		The Gay Monitoring and Archive Project later became separate from CHE, and spent some time in the care of one of its founders, Julian Meldrum, who was employed on a part-time basis by a Manpower Services Commission grant.
	www.genesis.ac.uk /archive.jsp?typeofsearch=i&term=notimpl&highlight=1&pk=1852 (668 words)

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