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Topic: Homosexuality and Confucianism

In the News (Fri 17 Feb 12)

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	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		In this case, the homosexual has to decide whether she or he is going to acquiesce to what society expects or to try to change public attitudes.
		This being so, while homosexuality is unnatural in that it cannot leads to reproduction, it is quite natural for the homosexual in that for her or him it provides physical and emotional fulfillment.
		It is very likely that homosexuals in the West are wounded more by society's attitude to them than by their sexual proclivity, and, if they are treated the same as everybody else, they will be the same as everybody else.
	www.buddhistnews.tv /current/homosexuality2-F.php (2500 words)

	Homosexuality and Confucianism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Homosexuality is not mentioned at all in the Confucian scriptures.
		Confucians are expected to get married and have children; this is their responsibility to their ancestors and their country.
		Homosexuality cannot result in reproduction and this is the main reason why Confucians tend to disapprove of it.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Homosexuality_and_Confucianism (394 words)

	Homosexuality and Religion - ReligionFacts
		Homosexuality is generally defined as sexual interest in and attraction to members of one's own sex.
		Homosexuality was not uncommon in ancient cultures, though the forms and views of homosexual behavior vary significantly.
		Hinduism and Buddhism tend to view homosexuality primarily from the standpoint of its karmic effects, with varying conclusions.
	www.religionfacts.com /homosexuality/index.htm (186 words)

	guw-017 Book: Passions of the cut sleeve
		While the story never mentioned homosexuality, there are references in the ancient text that say they "were as affectionate as man and wife." Hinsch concludes that these men created a sexual and emotional bond so strong that its meaning survived even death.
		Hinsch relates another poem with a homosexual theme where the Emperor Jianwen (550-551) wrote of his favorite and remarked that his beauty "surpass(ed) Dong Xian and Mizi Xia." To the researcher this would be a clear reference to two homosexual lovers from ancient texts.
		Homosexuals began to be labeled as prostitutes and described in more negative terms such as actors who wore too much makeup and those who behaved in effeminate ways.
	www.yawningbread.org /guest_1997/guw-017.htm (2419 words)

	THE GREAT NATURE-NURTURE DEBATE
		Homosexuals themselves express concern that isolation of a gene may eventually lead to genetic surgery to "correct" homosexuality, or in the interim, discovery of the genetic trait through amniocentesis and then abortion of the homosexual fetus.
		Homosexuality as we know it -- that is, long-term relationships of mutual consent between adults -- simply did not exist before the nineteenth century, when it was invented by scientists to create a pathological condition out of a rarely practiced behavior (previously known primarily as "sodomy').
		Increasing numbers of therapists join homosexual activists to proclaim that homosexuality is immutable, that so-called change is a myth or a temporary and cruel imposition on the lives of a few vulnerable individuals.
	home.messiah.edu /~chase/h/articles/schmidt (10022 words)

	korean
		Confucianism was the official Korean religion from the 14th to the 20th centuries.
		Confucianism teaches that "silence is golden." Therefore, many Koreans are comfortable with moments of prolonged silence throughout their chores and daily activities.
		Homosexuality is also not allowed, hence usually remains hidden so as to not cause the family to be ostracized by the Korean community.
	www3.baylor.edu /~Charles_Kemp/korean.htm (3229 words)

	\| The Fifth Relationship: Dangerous Friendships in the Confucian Context \| The American Historical Review, 105.5 \| The ...
		Confucians always trod a narrow line when it came to this issue, on the one hand eschewing crass utility or profit in any human relationship, on the other mitigating the power of the friendship bond by making it clear that friendship should serve useful ends for the family and society.
		Confucian writers from the Ming (1368–1644) and Qing (1644–1911) dynasties wrote during a period of increased competitiveness and social change.
		Confucians who made such arguments referred back to some of the same passages in earlier texts as their predecessors in the Song, but these passages took on new meanings.
	www.historycooperative.org /journals/ahr/105.5/ah001615.html (7625 words)

	Holy People (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Homosexual marriages are not permitted and there are who hold very negative sentiments toward homosexuality.
		The supporters of homosexuality argue that the role of the church is to ease suffering and that if we accept homosexuals as officers in the church, we can help ease their suffering.
		Homosexuality involves sexual relations between men or women and violates God’s creative design which intended a man and a woman to have sexual relations only within a marriage relationship.
	www.connecticutkoreanchurch.org /sermons/hp.html (3064 words)

	Homosexuality in Ancient Greece - ReligionFacts
		By contrast, ancient Greek homosexuality is now a popular topic, and those who argue for full acceptance of the homosexual lifestyle regularly appeal to these practices and attitudes of the widely-respected ancient Greeks.
		Greek homosexual practices involved beautiful expressions of love and devotion, but were also firmly embedded in their culture of social status and therefore had distinct limitations.
		Here the character of the Athenian stranger rejects homosexual behavior as "unnatural" (para physin), describes it as an "enormity" or "crime" (tolmema), and attributes it to "unbridled lust." Opinions are divided as to whether this is Plato's own belief, and whether it applies to homosexuality between equals, pederasty, or both.
	www.religionfacts.com /homosexuality/ancient_greeks.htm (1462 words)

	Homosexuality and Theravada Buddhism (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Homosexuality was known in ancient India; it is explicitly mentioned in the Vinaya (monastic discipline) and prohibited.
		The lay Buddhist is not required to be celibate, but she or he is advised to avoid certain types of sexual behaviour.
		Indeed, this is the strongest argument for acceptance and understanding towards homosexuals.
	www.zip.com.au /~lyallg/Homosex.htm (2516 words)

	LGBT Texts
		Homosexuality is not unnatural, it is practised by hundreds of species of animals.
		In the Kama Sutra, in Chapter VI, lesbianism in harems is described, and in Chapter IX, male and female homosexuality in the context of a discussion of oral sex.
		The prohibition of homosexuality in Leviticus was used subsequently for hundreds of years as a precedent for the persecution of gays, and has been quoted in legal reasoning up to the present day.
	www.sacred-texts.com /lgbt/index.htm (6299 words)

	glbtq >> literature >> Chinese Mythology
		Until the 1980s, it was not uncommon for members of the Chinese community in Hong Kong to proclaim their opposition to the decriminalization of homosexual acts between consenting adults.
		They stated that homosexuality does not exist in China; and if it does, it is the result of decadent Westerners introducing such vices to our innocent people.
		So in the mythological stories, it is common for spirits or demons to copulate heterosexually or homosexually with human males in order to extract his "bodily essence" so as to return to human form or to gain longevity.
	www.glbtq.com /literature/chinese_myth.html (717 words)

	Washington Blade Online
		A pioneer in gay studies and a professor of English at the University of Nebraska, Compton has produced a wide-ranging, encyclopedic history of homosexuality covering 2,500 years of civilization — from ancient Greece to the Enlightenment in France in the 18th century.
		Compton says the Levitical statute became the model for laws decreeing capital punishment for homosexuality in Europe and in as much of the world as came under Europe’s sway down to the end of the 18th century.
		The cultures in China and Japan were tolerant of homosexuality because Buddhism and Confucianism don’t have scripture that condemns same-sex love, Crompton says.
	www.washblade.com /print.cfm?content_id=2212 (664 words)

	Renaissance Neo-Platonism
		While homosexuality was extremely common in the middle ages, it wasn't really regarded as an identity characteristic, as we do today.
		After that, he was someone who committed sodomy; homosexuality as a steady state did not really exist.
		This language is still a key element in the modern debates of homosexuality and lesbianism.
	www.wsu.edu:8080 /~dee/REN/NEOPLATO.HTM (2801 words)

	Religion
		Introduction to the major Asian religious, philosophical, and cultural traditions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Shinto) with emphasis on the cultural roots of each religious tradition, the analysis of its principal teachings and practices, and the major cultural expressions in religious art, ritual, poetry, music, and scriptures.
		A historical and sociological study of practices and beliefs of various religious groups that have shaped American culture, with special attention to ethnic and racial minorities, and to women, as well as to traditional main-line groups and newer movements.
		Religions covered are: Shinto, Japanese Buddhism, folk religions, Japanese Confucianism, and the "New Religions." Some attention to the expression of Japanese spirituality in the fine arts, martial arts, festivals, and rituals.
	www.temple.edu /bulletin/ugradbulletin/ucd/ucd_religion.html (2774 words)

	The GULLY \| Asia \| Life and Death in Queer Korea: Intro: Appetite for Conformity
		Confucianism remains the basis for the fundamental principles governing daily life, and even criminal law.
		The criminal code, especially the family and kinship-related laws, is inspired by the Confucian view of sexual morality.
		During the Japanese occupation in the early twentieth century, the Protestant churches and schools became a secret stronghold for the independence movement.
	www.thegully.com /essays/asia/030306_gay_korea_intro.html (570 words)

	IVP \| Straight & Narrow? \| Book Excerpt
		Certainly this is the dominant explanation for developmental theorists in the case of homosexual men, whose desire as an adult is not to be a woman but to identify with a man.
		It is certainly suspicious that to my knowledge, not a single study of early childhood among homosexuals has been conducted since the early 1980s.
		It appears that what they describe as lack of evidence is in fact an assertion that they are not convinced (read: not convinceable) by evidence contrary to their assumptions.
	www.ivpress.com /title/exc/1858-7.php (13159 words)

	Homosexuality in the Japanese Buddhist Tradition
		The history of homosexuality in Japanese Buddhism has attracted a certain amount of academic attention in Japan and Japanese bibliographies on the topic including both historical texts and their more recent commentaries are immense.
		The more one has to assure oneself that one’s relationship with another man is not homosexual, the more conscious one becomes that it might be, and the more necessary it becomes to protect oneself against it. The result is that friendship gradually becomes impossible.
		[60] argues that ‘homosexual feelings’ however, are more prevalent in Japan. He says that he doesn’t mean homosexuality in the ‘narrow sense’ but in the case where ‘emotional links between members of the same sex take priority over those with the opposite sex’.
	www.westernbuddhistreview.com /vol3/homosexuality.html (1951 words)

	Japanese History For Gay Men
		Also, an aristocrat the governing classes was influenced of a priest of high virtue, and male "homosexuality" progressed from the last stage of Heian period when an appearance of samurai as a guard.
		The way of male homosexuality was also feminized and seemingly the motto was emphasized on their enjoyment.
		The practice of the male "homosexuality" was diminished as it shifted to the society led by townspeople, since intrinsically townspeople didn't have the custom of male "homosexuality".
	www.geocities.co.jp /Berkeley/3508/japanesehistory.html (2564 words)

	AAS Abstracts: China Session 6 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		I link this ambivalence to the orthodox Neo Confucian discourse on self cultivation, which simultaneously posits desire as part of the material nature but antithetical to the realization of the rational nature.
		In Chanzhen yishi and Xingshi yinyuan zhuan, polluting menstrual blood interrupts male desire and transfers the narrative focus away from the male protagonist onto the body of the woman.
		I discuss these and other examples to argue that the intensified anxiety about desire within Neo Confucian discourse is graphically revealed in the ways the male self is distanced from desire, while the female body is constructed as the "natural" site upon which male desire is displaced and inscribed.
	www.aasianst.org /absts/1995abst/china/csess6.htm (1522 words)

	Religion
		The literature of the New Testament, with special attention to the form and content of the New Testament documents, their relationship to one another and their witness to the character of early Christianity.
		A study of religious views on sexual choices, life styles and problems of today, including love, marriage, sex roles, homosexuality, celibacy, contraception, abortion, and sexual and domestic violence.
		Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism will be explored by considering representative scriptural texts and subsequent commentary traditions as a way to uncover their respective answers to fundamental questions about ultimate reality, humanity and salvation.
	www.wheatoncollege.edu /Dept/REL (1853 words)

	Program in Religion at Hunter - Fall 2002
		In this course we are going to be studying the fundamental texts of Eastern religions -Hinduism,,Jainism, Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism-- examining the basic attitudes of each faith and considering their implications for the lives of their followers.
		Although each of these religions is unique, certain common themes run through them and we will explore these as they concern ideas of `God', man, society, nature, and time.
		This course surveys and analyzes typical ways in which homosexuality has been understood, evaluated and, in some cases, institutionalizes in a variety of religious traditions, attending especially to implicit constructions of gender.
	www.hunter.cuny.edu /religion/spring03.html (1477 words)

	Religion Courses
		Inquiry into the religious dimension of issues such as environmental pollution, violence, capital punishment, economic injustice, hunger, homosexuality, feminism, pornography, abortion, and euthanasia.
		A study of Hindu, Buddhist, and East Asian religious traditions in theory and practice: attention to such topics as reincarnation, yoga and meditation, shamanism, ritual, salvation, personal religious experience, gender roles, spiritual ideals of art, and the relation of humankind to nature and the cosmos.
		Issues vary and may include: theism and atheism; faith and knowledge; religion and the rise of the modern spirit; religion and culture; modern critiques of religion and theological responses; and approaches to theological thinking.
	www.trinity.edu /departments/religion/Pages/Courses.html (1690 words)

	Ohr Somayach :: Living Up To The Truth :: 7: Jewish Survival - the Fact and its Implications (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The only exception is Judaism which opposed all forms of homosexuality, whether religious or merely hedonistic17.
		And let it not be suggested that our survival is not surprising since there are other ancient cultures which have also survived.
		The reason is that they existed under conditions in which survival is expected whereas we existed under conditions which should have caused us to disappear.
	ohr.edu /yhiy/article.php/2055 (5039 words)

	Confucianism - OneLook Dictionary Search
		Confucianism : Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition [home, info]
		Confucianism : The Ism Book A Field Guide to the Nomenclature of Philosophy [home, info]
		Phrases that include Confucianism: neo confucianism, homosexuality and confucianism, korean confucianism, new confucianism
	www.onelook.com /cgi-bin/cgiwrap/bware/dofind.cgi?word=Confucianism (199 words)

	Taoism and ethics
		I agree that religions like Christianity was founded based on the belief or social expectations that there should be moral remedies for corruption in the world e.g.
		Killing/murder is wrong, commandment ' Thou shall not kill' in response to Mbing's questions; no i am neither pregnant or homosexual, just curious to know about how religions interact with the values and ethics of contemporary society.
		Some sites on Daoism mention some aspects of Confucianism and Daoism being similar, i was wondering how has the three religions Daoism, Confucianism.
	forums.siutao.com /viewtopic.php?t=298 (1423 words)

	Welcome to Saint Vincent College (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Contemporary Jewish concerns, including the impact of the State of Israel, are part of this survey.
		Topics to be discussed include: marriage, the new technologies of reproduction, women’s rights, premarital and extra-marital sexuality, homosexuality, and unconventional orientations.
		This course will study the relationship between religious values and principles which are fundamental to individual behavior, and political processes and decision making which regulate both the individual and society.
	www.stvincent.edu /academics/religious_studies/courses (2406 words)

	Program in Religion at Hunter - Course List
		In an age of increasing encounter between very different cultures, it is critical that we attempt to understand religious traditions that are not historically our own.
		In this course we will encounter primarily the religious traditions of India (Hinduism and Buddhism) and China (Confucianism and Taoism).
		Readings will be selected from Buddhist, Brahmin, Taoist, and Confucian works: emphasis may be placed on Indian, Chinese, Japanese, or Tibetan writings.
	www.hunter.cuny.edu /religion/courses.html (4201 words)

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