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Topic: Hookworm

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	Hookworm Infection
		Hookworms are small parasitic worms (adult stage is approximately 1 centimeter long) which can infect the small intestines.
		Hookworm is estimated to affect one-fourth of the world's population.
		Hookworm infection occurs where sanitary disposal of human waste is not available and where the temperature and other environmental conditions favor the development of infective larvae.
	healthlink.mcw.edu /article/955138013.html (484 words)

	hookworm. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
		Hookworm infection in humans is caused by infestation with Ancylostoma duodenale (the European species) or with Necator americanus (the American species).
		The larva of the hookworm, living in moist soil or mud, easily penetrates the exposed skin, usually the sole of the foot, and is then carried by the blood to the lungs.
		Hookworm is treated with drugs, notably tetrachloroethylene, that loosen and destroy the parasite, as well as with specifics for the anemia and abdominal symptoms.
	www.bartleby.com /65/ho/hookworm.html (352 words)

	Hookworm at AllExperts
		Hookworms are much smaller than the large roundworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, and the complications of tissue migration and mechanical obstruction so frequently observed with roundworm infestation are less frequent in hookworm infestation.
		The hookworm larva lives in infected soil, particularly in tropical climates and coal mines where it thrives in warm earth where temperatures are over 18Â°C. They exist primarily in sandy or loamy soil, and cannot live in clay or muck.
		The larva clings to the intestinal mucous membrane and develops into an adult hookworm, drawing its nourishment from the blood-vessels of their host, and as the parasites are found in hundreds in the body after death, the disorders of digestion, the increasing anaemia and the consequent oedema and other cachectic symptoms are easily explained.
	en.allexperts.com /e/h/ho/hookworm.htm (1699 words)

	What Is A Hookworm Infection? (Ancylostomiasis)
		Hookworm is an infection of one of two different 7 to 13 mm long roundworms (either Ancylostoma duodenale or Necator americanus).
		Hookworm eggs are passed in stool and infection results when a person comes in contact with the eggs from the contaminated soil or stool.
		Hookworm infection results because of non-hygienic practices and fecal contact in the soil; hence sanitation and sanitary practices are critical.
	www.personalmd.com /news/hookworm_072600.shtml (740 words)

	MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia: Hookworm
		Hookworm is a roundworm infestation affecting the small intestine and lungs.
		The disorder is caused by infestation with the roundworms Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, Ancylostoma ceylanicum, or Ancylostoma braziliense.
		Hookworm disease is widespread in the moist tropics and subtropics, and it affects over 1 billion people worldwide.
	www.nlm.nih.gov /medlineplus/ency/article/000629.htm (466 words)

	Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - Epidemiology of hookworm infection in Itagua, Paraguay: a cross sectional study (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Hookworm was first identified as an important pathogen in Paraguay in the 1920's when Soper detected an overall prevalence of 98%.
		The hookworm prevalence of males (64%) was higher than that of females (54%), although the difference was not statistically significant (p-value: 0.318).
		Hookworm prevalence increased with age, reached a maximum of 79% in the 20-29 age group, then decreased.
	www.scielo.br /scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02761999000500003&lng=en&nrm=iso (2202 words)

	Baker Institute - Companion Animal Health Resource Center
		Hookworms that infect canines belong to the Ancylostomatidae family of parasitic nematodes which get their name from the hook-like mouth parts they use to attach to the intestinal walls of their hosts.
		Canine hookworms can infect humans, but because we are not their natural hosts, they infect us in a different way than they do dogs.
		Hookworm larvae penetrate bare skin and their subsequent migration through the dermis is known as cutaneous larva migrans or, more commonly, “creeping eruption.” Lesions appear as red lines under the skin and sometimes break open at the skin’s surface.
	bakerinstitute.vet.cornell.edu /cahrc/Hookworm.htm (1155 words)

	Hookworms: (Ancylostoma caninum, A. braziliense, Uncinaria stenocephala)
		Hookworms (Ancylostoma and Uncinaria) are one of the most common intestinal parasites of dogs and cats (especially puppies and kittens), and can cause severe disease including anemia and serious diarrhea.
		Hookworms have either teeth-like structures or cutting plates with which they attach themselves to the wall of the intestine and feed on the animal's blood.
		Hookworm larvae can penetrate the surface of a person's skin (usually through bare feet) and migrate through it, causing a disease called 'cutaneous larva migrans' or 'creeping eruption.' The lesions appear as red lines under the skin and sometimes break open at the skin's surface.
	www.peteducation.com /article.cfm?cls=2&articleid=747 (1467 words)

	HOOKWORM INFECTIONS
		Infection of humans or animals with hookworms other than those caused by the genus Ancylostoma or Necator, for which the specific terms ancylostomiasis and necatoriasis are available.
		In the United States, hookworm infections are generally treated for 1-3 days with medication prescribed by your health care provider.
		Hookworm infections occur mostly in tropical and subtropical climates and are estimated to infect about 1 billion people -- about one-fifth of the world's population.
	www.websters-online-dictionary.org /definition/english/Ho/Hookworm+Infections.html (189 words)

	ENLmedical.com: Conditions And Concerns: Medical Encyclopedia: Hookworm
		This is a photomicrograph of a hookworm egg.
		The larva of a hookworm is visible in the center of this photograph.
		Hookworm larvae live in damp grass and vegetation and enter the body through the skin.
	www.enlmedical.com /article/000629.htm (505 words)

	Hookworm Disease \| AHealthyMe.com
		Hookworm disease is an illness caused by one of two types of S-shaped worms that infect the intestine of humans (the worm's host).
		Hookworms cause trouble for their human host when the worms attach their mouths to the lining of the small intestine and suck the person's blood.
		Prevention of hookworm disease involves improving sanitation and avoiding contact with soil in areas with high rates of hookworm infection.
	www.ahealthyme.com /topic/topic100586951 (841 words)

	eMedicine - Hookworm : Article by Anika Baxter Tam, MD
		Hookworms are estimated to infect more than 740 million people around the world, but most people who are infected are asymptomatic.
		Hookworm larvae emerge from passed eggs within 24 hours and molt once to an infective filariform larval stage in another 24 hours.
		Hookworm anemia usually is due to iron deficiency and does not develop until iron reserves are depleted.
	www.emedicine.com /emerg/topic841.htm (1659 words)

	Hookworm definition - Medical Dictionary definitions of popular medical terms
		Hookworm infection is contracted from contact with soil contaminated by hookworm, by walking barefoot or accidentally swallowing contaminated soil.
		People infected with hookworm are half as likely to have asthma as those without it, in keeping with the hygiene hypothesis of asthma -- the theory that because of better hygiene, people today tend to get fewer infections so they are at greater risk of allergic conditions such as asthma.
		To prevent hookworm, do not walk barefoot or contact the soil with bare hands in areas where hookworm is common or there are likely to be feces in the soil or sand.
	www.medterms.com /script/main/art.asp?articlekey=20108 (605 words)

	Hookworm in Dogs
		When one of my daughter's dogs, Roger, who was an indoor dog except when walked for his business, got hookworm so badly he had to be put down because of heart and brain damage, it was the vet's fault (not ours, hers) for recommending she put her dogs on Revolution.
		Hookworm is so devastating to dogs, cats and humans that our vet actually came over with worming medication for all seven animals, vaccinated the cats while he was at it, who were due, and left medication and written instructions for a second worming ten days later.
		You may keep your own animals safe from hookworm but too many people will spend a fortune on clothing, make-up, junk food, a great car, TV and other accoutrements of the good life and let their animals suffer from all sorts of diseases and maladies, who then spread it to others.
	sneakykitchen.com /Pets/hookworm.htm (817 words)

	Hookworm Disease
		The primary danger of hookworm disease was anemia because the worms lived on the host’s plasma and excreted the red blood cells.
		Hookworms were totally dependent on humans as hosts and on humans’; unhygienic practices to continue their life cycle.
		However, hookworms continued to be a health problem in Mississippi as late as 1981 when sixty-nine cases were reported to the State Board of Health.
	mshistory.k12.ms.us /features/feature31/hookworm.html (1415 words)

	Hookworms - How to rid them from the human body.
		Hookworms deplete the body of nutrients, and a major effect is severe chronic iron-deficiency anemia.
		The symptoms of hookworm disease ordinarily begin with ground itch, an itchy skin irritation caused by the larvae when they penetrate the skin and marked by papules and vesicles that are often located between the toes.
		Hookworm infestation tends to be constantly widespread in varied regions of the world.
	www.thelifetree.com /hookworms.htm (814 words)

	Hookworm Infection (Ancylostomiasis)
		Hookworm infection in humans is caused by an infection with
		Hookworms (Necator and Ancylostoma) are generally contracted by walking barefoot on soil contaminated by feces from infected animals or persons, or by swimming or wading in contaminated water.
		, and hookworm, are common clinical disorders in man. The gastrointestinal tract of a child living in poverty in a less developed country is likely to be parasitised with at least one, and in many cases all three soil-transmitted helminths, with resultant impairments in physical, intellectual, and cognitive development.
	www.histopathology-india.net /HoWo.htm (695 words)

	aarogya.com "Communicable Diseases - Hookworm"
		Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus are the main nematodes causing hookworm infection in man. Almost eradicated from Europe and the USA, hookworm infection is still seen in warm, moist climates in tropical and sub-tropical regions between 45o N and 35o S of the equator (e.g., Asia, Africa, Central and South America and the South Pacific).
		The geographic distribution of these two hookworms used to be regarded as relatively distinct, the former being more prevalent in Europe and south-western Asia, and the latter in tropical Africa and in the Americas.
		It is estimated that the global prevalence of hookworm infection is about 900 million cases i.e., almost one-fourth of the world's population.
	aarogya.com /conditions/communicable/Hookworm/index.asp (367 words)

	Olympus MIC-D: Oblique Gallery - Canine Hookworm
		Hookworm infestation, known also as ancylostomiasis, is the most common and most serious endoparasitic infection of dogs in the tropics, and to a lesser extent with cats.
		As a truly prolific egg producer, the female canine hookworm lays up to 30,000 ova per day, which are then passed into the environment via the animal's droppings.
		Eventually the larval hookworms migrate within the body to the lungs, ascend the respiratory tract, and eventually are swallowed.
	www.olympusmicro.com /micd/galleries/oblique/caninehookworm.html (229 words)

	Hookworm Disease \| Caremark Health Resources
		Hookworm disease is an illness caused by one of two types of S-shaped worms that infect the intestine of humans (the worm's host).
		Hookworms cause trouble for their human host when the worms attach their mouths to the lining of the small intestine and suck the person's blood.
		Prevention of hookworm disease involves improving sanitation and avoiding contact with soil in areas with high rates of hookworm infection.
	healthresources.caremark.com /topic/topic100586951 (789 words)

	Hookworm - Search Results - MSN Encarta
		Hookworm, any of several parasitic roundworms, which take their name from the hooklike appendages that surround their mouths.
		The larval stages of aquatic invertebrates that lead sedentary, or attached, lives in the adult stage are typically motile and free-swimming.
		The hookworm is a nematode parasite that lives in the small intestine of its host, which may be a mammal such as a dog, cat, or human.
	encarta.msn.com /Hookworm.html (192 words)

	Funding: Hookworms used to treat asthma
		A new clinical trial is exploring how deliberate infection with hookworms may help to reduce the symptoms of asthma and allergic disease.
		In previous studies in Ethiopia, the research team, led by John Britton at the University of Nottingham, found that hookworm infection may be protecting against allergic diseases such as asthma.
		Indeed, at least part of the reason for the rise of asthma in developed countries may be the drop in parasite infections resulting from improved living conditions.
	www.wellcome.ac.uk /doc_WTX026496.html (241 words)

	Hookworms
		The Hookworm grasps onto the inner surface of the small intestine with the teeth and then pierces a blood vessel.
		Hookworm larva are tiny enough to migrate through the placental blood supply to the fetal lungs.
		Since Hookworm eggs and larva build up in damp soil, often times the dogs tied out on dirt or in soil runs need to be moved to a non-infested area to prevent reinfection.
	www.dr-dan.com /hookworm.htm (1433 words)

	Canine Hookworm Infection ~ Pawprints and Purrs, Inc. (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Hookworms are parasites which get their name from the hook-like mouth parts they use to attach to the intestinal wall.
		Hookworms are diagnosed with a microscopic examination of a small stool sample.
		Since the dog's environment can be laden with hookworm eggs and larvae, it may be necessary to treat it with a chemical to kill them.
	www.sniksnak.com /doghealth/hookworms.html (856 words)

	HerbChina2000.com - Herbal Remedies - Hookworm diseases
		Hookworm infection is diagnosed by finding hookworm eggs in stool samples - this is usually straightforward as many thousands are produced every day.
		Hookworm infection can be avoided or reduced by educating the public about the importance of wearing shoes and preventing soil contamination with human or dog faeces.
		Patients who have hookworm infection should be treated to reduce the risk of transmission to others.
	www.herbchina2000.com /therapies/THW.shtml (802 words)

	What About Hookworm? (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Hookworm is a parasitic NEMATODE (yes, a worm).
		The Hookworm parasite is almost entirely confined to tropical, third-world countries where people habitually walk in soil contaminated by the excrement of infected humans.
		Hookworm is easily treatable with vermifuges such as tetrachloroethylene: its prevalence in tropical regions is largely a matter of public health, due to poor sanitation and lack of access to medical facilities.
	www.unshod.org /pfbc/pfhookworm.htm (193 words)

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