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Topic: Horace Barlow

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	Horace Barlow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Professor Horace Basil Barlow FRS (born December 8, 1921) is a British visual neuroscientist.
		Barlow is the son of the civil servant Sir Alan Barlow and Nora Darwin, and thus the great-grandson of Charles Darwin (see Darwin — Wedgwood family).
		Barlow is a fellow of Trinity College, University of Cambridge.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Horace_Barlow (262 words)

	Nehemiah Barlow and Orinda Steele Family
		At the conclusion of the address Miss Barlow was presented with a purse of $150 in gold and with a beautifully engrossed testimonial of appreciation prepared by the board of education.
		Barlow was a member of the Association of Graduates of West Point, of the Military Service Institution of the United States, of the Societies of the Army of the Potomac, of the Cumberland and of the Tennessee, and a companion of the Loyal Legion.
		Barlow, according to the papers found among his possessions, was a member of the American Legion and had served during the World War as a captain in the aviation.
	www.barlowgenealogy.com /FairfieldFamilies/HenryBarlw.html (3161 words)

	UC Berkeley scientists detail neural circuit that lets eye detect directional motion (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Horace Barlow was at UC Berkeley in 1965 when he and colleague William Levick noticed that some cells in the retina of rabbits fired only when a light moved through the eye's field of view.
		Barlow's original explanation of why directionally selective cells fire only in response to movement in one direction were very general, and recent experiments have confused the picture even more.
		"When Horace Barlow discovered that signals from some cells specified the direction of movement, he tried to explain it, and his explanation has been the reigning assumption," Werblin said "He was right in general outline, but his explanation contained a lot of fl boxes.
	www.eurekalert.org /pub_releases/2002-11/uoc--ubs112502.php (1311 words)

	The Exploitation of Regularities in the Environment by the Brain (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Barlow (1972) is mainly concerned with experimental evidence showing that single neurons in sensory pathways are highly sensitive and selective in their response properties; hence perceptual discriminations can be based very directly upon their activity and may characteristically depend upon only a few of the most active neurons.
		Barlow (1989) argued for the general importance of the associative structure of sensory messages and proposed factorial coding, in which representative elements are formed that are statistically independent of each other, as a means of storing knowledge of these environmental regularities.
		Barlow (1990) suggested that motion and other after-effects result from adaptive mechanisms that tend to make representational elements independent of each other, and Carandini et al (1997) provided some experimental evidence for the predicted contingent adaptation in neurons of monkey V1.
	bbsonline.org /documents/a/00/00/04/25/bbs00000425-00/bbs.barlow.html (5878 words)

	American Literature I: Lecture 7 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Originally drawn to the thought of Jonathan Edwards, which he celebrated in his early Yale commencement poem “The Prospect of Peace” (1778), Barlow would renounce the orthodox form of Christianity that Edwards exemplified and turn to Deism, the doctrine that belief in God should be justified through nature and reason and not through supernatural revelation.
		Barlow believed that the French Revolution transformed the United States from the world’s newest nation to the world’s oldest republic, providing a model upon which other aspiring republics could fashion their constitutions and their laws.
		Barlow uses comedy here to achieve the neoclassical ideals of balance and courtly polish while delivering what he considered to be a powerful cultural message.
	www.nyu.edu /classes/amlit/spring99/amlect07.htm (632 words)

	Quantum Efficiency and Performance of Retinal Ganglion Cells
		Barlow solved a similar problem in the analysis of frequency-of-seeing curves for human subjects by suggesting that there exists a source of biological noise which produces neural events indistinguishable from the natural response to light
		Barlow, H. (1962) A method of determining the overall quantum efficiency of visual discriminations.
		Barlow, H. B., Levick, W. and Yoon, M. (1971) Responses to single quanta of light in retinal ganglion cells of the cat.
	research.opt.indiana.edu /Library/scoton/scoton.html (4987 words)

	Direc Selec (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Barlow and Levick recorded from rabbit retinal ganglion cells and showed that some cells are selective for the direction of movement of a small target.
		The stimuli are small (1°) spots moving through a cell's "receptive field" of 10 or so square degrees of visual angle.
		In the Discussion section of their paper Barlow and Levick put forth two models (hypotheses) for explaining direction selectivity, and associate parts of their models with bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells.
	www.engin.brown.edu /courses/en122/Assgn/AsgBarlow.htm (1154 words)

	Barlow - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Francis Barlow (1626?–1704), the British painter, etcher, and illustrator
		Matt Barlow, former vocalist of the heavy metal band Iced Earth
		Peter Barlow (1776-1862), the English engineer, inventor of Barlow's Wheel and the Barlow lens
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Barlow (181 words)

	Internet Archive: Details: Horace Barlow, Cambridge University: "The Roles of Theory, Commonsense, and Guesswork in ...
		Internet Archive: Details: Horace Barlow, Cambridge University: "The Roles of Theory, Commonsense, and Guesswork in Neuroscience"
		Horace Barlow, Cambridge University: "The Roles of Theory, Commonsense, and Guesswork in Neuroscience" (2005)
		Horace Barlow, Cambridge University: "The Roles of Theory, Commonsense, and Guesswork in Neuroscience"
	www.archive.org /details/redwood_center_inaugural_symposium_02 (79 words)

	MY HERO: FAMOUS FATHER HEROES - GUESTBOOK ENTRIES
		Charles Darwin is to ultimate explanations of human behavior what Horace Barlow is to proximate ones.
		Barlow was the pioneer of relating human behavior to the actions of individual neurons.
		In a 1974 paper he stated that the actions of individual cells in the cerebral cortex do not represent thought, but, quite simply, are thought.
	myhero.com /fathers/guestbof.asp (1541 words)

	Barlow Family
		(Note: Parrish Barlow was tried and acquitted for the murder of his wife, Mary, in 1828.
		It is said that he killed her in a fit of insanity.
		Children of William Horton Barlow II and Thursa Elmyra Sudderth
	www.fmoran.com /wilkes/barlow.html (696 words)

	Brooke, Evans, Hallman & Barlow families
		7 [72] Mary B Barlow b: April 1838 Limerick township, Montgomery Co, Pennsylvania d: Aft.
		By the time Anna was born in 1858, her ancestors included the Evans and Barlows, and her mother's family, the Hallmans.
		Interestingly enough, the Barlow and Reuther families join on two lines - Anna married Henry Reuther, and Anna's nephew Frank Keely married Henry's sister Laura Reuther.
	www.kennedyreuther.com /Family/Barlow/Barlow.htm (5937 words)

	Science & Theology News - Is God a Number? Maths that Mimic the Mind (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		At its base, reality is profoundly mathematical and we employ that mathematics in a variety of poorly understood ways as we grasp reality.
		This question is taken up in multiple appearances by mathematical physicist/theologian Sir John Polkinghorne, mathematician Sir Roger Penrose, and physiologist Horace Barlow.
		Polkinghorne, of course, is quite comfortable casting the problem in a theistic context and makes a number of interesting comments along those lines; Penrose invokes Plato; and Barlow drives home the point that we simply have no real understanding of how we see the world as clearly as we do.
	www.stnews.org /Books-2197.htm (796 words)

	Editorial
		In that paper, Horace Barlow (1972) mentions grandmother cells---but only once, and then just to dismiss them.
		Other criticisms have been made by Barlow (1972, 1995), for example that too many cells would be needed and that perceptions are not isolated unique events---and that, while mothers are important, grandmothers are not!
		Barlow H, 1995 ``The neuron doctrine in perception', in The Cognitive Neurosciences Ed.
	www.perceptionweb.com /perc0896/editorial.html (3326 words)

	Review: Pictures of knowledge - 05 January 1991 - New Scientist
		Images and Understanding: Thoughts about Images, Ideas about Understanding edited by Horace Barlow et al, Cambridge, pp 225, 40 Pounds hbk, 15 Pounds pbk.
		After all, seeing concerns not only neural mechanisms but the things that they make possible - from catching prey to painting pictures or designing computers to do these things for us.
		The joint editors - Horace Barlow, Colin Blakemore and Miranda Weston-Smith - begin with cartoons.
	www.newscientist.com /article/mg12917503.700.html (276 words)

	Conscious Entities.
		The piece attributed this theory to Jerry Lettvin, and unfortunately this idea was picked up and widely echoed elsewhere.
		In fact, although I think Jerry Lettvin probably is the author of the phrase 'grandmother neuron' (it is also sometimes attributed to Horace Barlow), I believe he devised it as a rhetorical aid to his rejection of the idea.
		Alas, I dare say the meme that he endorsed the idea is now unstoppable.
	www.consciousentities.com /granny.htm (553 words)

	Robotics Institute: Seminar, November 30 2001, Michael Lewicki
		The representation and encoding of sensor information is a necessary first step in any artificial or robotic sensory system, but the choice of which among the many strategies to use is often empirical or ad hoc.
		One idea for obtaining better sensory codes due to Horace Barlow is based on the idea of maximizing information transmission and eliminating statistical redundancy from the raw sensory signal.
		In this talk I will show how this idea can be made explicit and can be used to derive sensory codes that are optimal in the sense of Shannon statistical efficiency.
	www.cs.cmu.edu /~ri-seminar/archives/2001.fall/2001.Nov.30.html (365 words)

	Estimating Model Complexity via MDL
		In 1961 Horace Barlow suggested the bottleneck approach for finding optimal neuronal code and
		Barlow later suggested that neurons should carry out an additional task.
		While neurons should transmit transmit the probability of occurrence of the features they learn to detect;
	www.math.tau.ac.il /~nin/talks/mdl.htm (462 words)

	Eero P. Simoncelli
		These probability models also have a direct implication for neural representation.
		If one assumes (following the British physiologist Horace Barlow) that neurons in a population strive to produce statistically independent responses, the model we have developed suggests that the optimal representation of an image should proceed by decomposing with multiscale-oriented functions, followed by a divisive gain-control mechanism.
		Specifically, the response of each "neuron'' should be divided by a weighted linear combination of the responses of cells at adjacent locations, orientations, and scales.
	www.hhmi.org /research/investigators/simoncelli.html (1270 words)

	Journal of Vision - Convergent evidence for the visual analysis of optic flow through anisotropic attenuation of high ... (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Journal of Vision - Convergent evidence for the visual analysis of optic flow through anisotropic attenuation of high spatial frequencies, by Barlow and Olshausen
		Received August 13, 2003; published May 18, 2004
		Barlow, H. B., and Olshausen, B. Convergent evidence for the visual analysis of optic flow through anisotropic attenuation of high spatial frequencies.
	journalofvision.org /4/6/1 (269 words)

	CVS: Symposium 1972
		Henry J. Ralston, III, University of Wisconsin, Synaptic reorganization in the degenerating lateral geniculate nucleus of the rabbit
		Aberrant central connections in the Siamese cat—Horace B. Barlow, Chairman
		Pettigrew and Horace Barlow, University of California, Short term and long term changes in the properties of binocular neurons in the visual cortex of young kittens
	www.cvs.rochester.edu /symp_1972.html (359 words)

	Images and Understanding - Cambridge University Press
		Thought you'd be interested in this title from Cambridge University Press.
		Edited by Horace Barlow, Colin Blakemore, Miranda Weston-Smith
		Please note that we will not store any email address submitted in the form above, unless either party signs on to our separate email alerting services.
	www.cambridge.org /catalogue/email.asp?isbn=0521369444 (114 words)

	Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 88011805 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Publisher description for Library of Congress control number 88011805
		Publisher description for Images and understanding : thoughts about images, ideas about understanding / edited by Horace Barlow, Colin Blakemore, Miranda Weston-Smith.
		Bibliographic record and links to related information available from the Library of Congress catalog
	www.loc.gov /catdir/description/cam023/88011805.html (211 words)

	Society for Neuroscience \| Autobiographies
		PBS personality Richard Thomas interviews eminent senior neuroscientists, who reflect upon their lives, their dreams, and work and share their insights on what's ahead in the field of neuroscience.
		Videos with the following neuroscientists are available: Julius Axelrod, Viktor Hamburger, Herbert H. Jasper, Seymour S. Kety, Theodore H. Bullock, Robert Galambos, Louis Sokoloff, Rita Levi-Montalcini, Brenda Milner, Vernon Mountcastle, David H. Hubel, Torsten N. Wiesel, Eric Kandel, Paul Greengard, W. Maxwell Cowan, Francis Crick, Seymour Benzer, Gunther Stent, and Horace Barlow.
		Order by mail or fax by downloading the book or video order forms in pdf format.
	www.sfn.org /index.cfm?pagename=HistoryofNeuroscience_autobiographies (368 words)

	Books by Horace Barlow, compare prices (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab3.cs.columbia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		Books by Horace Barlow, compare prices (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab3.cs.columbia.edu)
		Bag the Elephant : How to Win And Keep...
		by Jonathan Miller, Colin Blakemore, Horace Barlow, Miranda Weston-Smith
	www.allbookstores.com.cob-web.org:8888 /author/Horace_Barlow.html (53 words)

	BBSPrints Archive: User record for Horace Barlow (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab3.cs.columbia.edu) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-11-06)
		BBSPrints Archive: User record for Horace Barlow (via CobWeb/3.1 planetlab3.cs.columbia.edu)
		For editorial question, please e-mail the editorial office at: bbs@bbsonline.org
		For technical question, contact site administrator at: support@bbsonline.org
	www.bbsonline.org.cob-web.org:8888 /perl/user?username=bbs280 (28 words)

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