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	Homebrew Nintendo DS Development Part 8 - Interrupts
		An 'Interrupt' is a way of stopping the current execution of a CPU in the Nintendo DS to run an important function.
		Interrupts are important because they ensure that certain things happen immediately rather than when the currently executing program 'gets around to it'.
		At the end of the interrupt routine it should be set to the bitmask of the interrupts that have actually been handled.
	www.double.co.nz /nintendo_ds/nds_develop8.html (2745 words)

	Rule 8
		Whenever the continuity of narrative text is interrupted by a full print page or more of tabular material that is to be included at the same location in the braille edition, see Rule 1, Section 7a(4) for transcriber's notes that are required to indicate text interruption and continuation.
		Any horizontal line within a table, as well as the bottom table line, may be placed on the last braille line with three blank cells left before the braille page number.
		Blank spaces in the first column that are used to indicate repetition of row headings that apply but are not actually shown in print, must not be confused with ordinary blank spaces.
	www.brl.org /formats/rule08.html (4834 words)

	More Interrupting
		The horizontal blank is the period during which the beam is turned off while returning to the left side of the screen to begin the next line.
		The computer is much faster than the television, and during the blank period it can use the time to vary colors, modify Player/Missile graphics, or alter the character set graphics.
		Study the listing of Program 2 and note that line 40 puts an interrupt instruction at the third and sixth mode lines; line 60 is the data for the first interrupt routine; line 70 is the data for the second.
	www.atarimagazines.com /v2n9/Moreinterrupting.html (1772 words)

	Atari Graphics and Arcade Game Design-Chapter 6
		These interrupts are a powerful aid to the game programmer, who can use them to smooth animation, to enable players to be re-used in the bottom portion of the frame, to allow character sets and color registers to be changed mid-screen, and of course much more.
		This type of interrupt is sometimes called a "Raster Interrupt." Remember that the interrupt does not stop the TV raster process but causes the 6502 to execute a series of instructions at this specific time.
		When an interrupt occurs, the computer is sent to a vector in the operating system, which in turn sends it to a routine to determine what type of interrupt has occurred.
	www.atariarchives.org /agagd/chapter6.php (4338 words)

	Method and apparatus for detecting and counting articles - Patent 5454016 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		As article 18 travels along passageway 14 it passes through sensing plane 10 to partially interrupt the light beam emanating from light source 12, and that interruption affects the amount of light impinging on detector 16 to thereby affect the strength of the output signal from detector 16.
		The interrupt is driven by the end of transmission of a serial data byte, or the receipt of a serial data byte, and the rate of 19,200 baud.
		When a key blank is edge-on to one light beam it is broadside to the other light beam, and vice versa, and the combination of the individual signals from the respective solar cells allows the count to be accurate, thereby reducing the loss from failing to count all articles.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /5454016.html (5075 words)

	De Re Atari - Chapter 5
		The interrupt to do this must be precisely timed to occur at exactly the same time during the screen drawing process.
		The answer is that the OS vertical blank interrupt routine keeps stuffing blue into the color register during the vertical blank period.
		The horizontal position of the color change is determined by the amount of time that elapses before the change goes in.
	www.atariarchives.org /dere/chapt05.php (3679 words)

	Mappy VM SDK 0.1
		A concept used on conventional consoles and computers are blanking periods, which occur because the electron beam used to 'paint' an image on phosphors must travel back to the left or top side of the screen before it can continue painting the image.
		Similarly, the vertical retrace is known as the vertical blank, and lasts for a considerable time (in computer terms anyways, it is still a minute fraction of a second).
		If there were no blanking periods provided to modify the image, a double buffer would be neccecary, which would instead be modified for as long as needed, and then instantly swapped for the currently displayed image.
	www.bottledlight.com /docs/sdk.html (2561 words)

	Method and apparatus for displaying higher color resolution on a hand-held LCD device - Patent 6373462 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		During this short horizontal blanking time period corresponding to a single display line, we have enough time for CPU to update (rewrite) four background color palettes in RAM 34 with new data.
		Interrupt handler returns a ("RTI" block 310) close to the end of the horizontal blanking interval to ensure that there is no attempt to rewrite the color palette data during active line scanning.
		Briefly, block 312 sets a pointer HL to the address of the appropriate portion of the color palette area 34b in memory 34, and sets the stack pointer SP to the address in memory of the color data to be copied into the color palette area.
	www.freepatentsonline.com /6373462.html?highlight=atari,lynx (6115 words)

	Manual for Antona ANC-6000 Series RS232/RS422 Adapter
		Remove the PC cover and remove a blank PC bracket near to the current serial I/O or motherboard based I/O connectors (these are 10-pin IDC ribbon cable type connectors).
		The interrupt may also be used for sync time delay, type of sync determination and presence of valid video sync.
		All four jumpers must be changed to either all horizontal or all vertical for proper adapter operation.
	www.antona.com /man6000.htm (3179 words)

	Start Interrupting
		The reason is that the data for the color changes must be put in place during the horizontal blank.
		The horizontal blank is the time that the electron beam is turned off as it returns from the right side to the left side of the TV screen.
		However, the value in the shadow register is still blue, so during the vertical blank the OS changes the color value of the hardware register back to blue.
	www.atarimagazines.com /v2n3/startinterrupting.html (1680 words)

	How to fight tearing - virtualdub.org (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The period in which the beam returns from the right to the left is the horizontal retrace or horizontal blank, and the return from bottom to top is the vertical retrace or vertical blank.
		The vertical blank period is much longer than the horizontal blank, and is definitely the region of choice for manipulating display memory unseen.
		During vertical blank, the screen is changed — either by direct rendering, updating the entire screen from an off-screen buffer (blit/copy), or by swapping the active screen by switching display pointers (flip).
	www.virtualdub.org /blog/pivot/entry.php?id=74 (1631 words)

	horizontal scrolling (Development MSX Forum)
		IE0 is the standard interrupt, which occurs 50 or 60 times/second, depending on the refresh frequency.
		It is a nice means however to disable and re-enable the VDP interrupts in Basic, where you don’t have easy access to the assembly DI and EI instructions.
		This should really be done in the vertical blank period for it to look good, that is, after the VDP finished drawing line 211 and before it starts drawing line 0.
	www.msx.org /forumtopic4634.html (1330 words)

	Optimizing the Graphics Update Rate on the MAX4455 - Maxim/Dallas
		If the display for the channel is enabled (not blanked), the MAX4455 reads the data from the appropriate location in the external SDRAM, processes the data, and presents the corresponding level for OSDFIL and the associated timing on OSDKEY to drive and control the insertion via the external fast MUX.
		A key tradeoff in the use of the BLANK function is the potential to have flicker on the OSD display.
		Any repetitive blanking may be noticeable and may be viewed as objectionable flicker depending on the repetition rate of the blanking.
	www.maxim-ic.com /AN2156 (2087 words)

	Bally Astrocade
		The Astrocade used color registers, or color indirection as it was often referred to then, so the four colors could be picked from a palette of 256 colors.
		Color animation was possible by changing the values of the registers, and using a horizontal blank interrupt you could change them from line to line.
		An additional set of four color registers could be "swapped in" at any point along the line, allowing you to easily create two sections of the screen, split vertically.
	www.ebroadcast.com.au /lookup/encyclopedia/ba/Bally_Astrocade.html (1410 words)

	Circuit Cellar - Digital Library - 98 Lacoste
		Figure 6 shows the VGA horizontal timing specifications, the corresponding number of instructions that the PIC17C756 could execute at 32 MHz, and the operations done by the interrupt routine in the corresponding time frame (more information on VGA timings is available on the Web [4]).
		The top part shows the timings of the video and horizontal synchronization signals, while the bottom part shows the conversion of these timings in number of instructions as well as what the PIC is doing during this time.
		In particular, the execution time from the interrupt to the start of the video display must be rigorously constant, whatever the results of the if/then tests are.
	www.circuitcellar.com /library/print/0998/Lacoste98/5.htm (437 words)

	libgba: gba_interrupt.h File Reference
		This is the activation mask for the internal interrupts.
		Since there is only one hardware interrupt vector, the IF register contains flags to indicate when a particular of interrupt has occured.
		These masks are used in conjuction with REG_IE to enable specific interrupts and with REG_IF to acknowledge interrupts have been serviced.
	devkitpro.sourceforge.net /onlinedocs/libgba/a00033.html (182 words)

	GBDK Advanced Topics (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Interrupts, as you recall, are signals from hardware that notify other components of the system that something has happened.
		Since the V-Blank interrupt occurs each time the screen has been refreshed, it's an ideal time to update the positions of the background, window and sprites.
		The whole point to using interrupt handlers is to avoid corrupting the screen (which will inevitable happen if we get into more than one sprite).
	individual.utoronto.ca /rezalotun/gw/gbdk2.html (1891 words)

	CPSC 120, Spring 2002, Second Test
		After drawing the line, the turtle is back where it started from, so the next horizontal line segment that it draws will line up with the first one.
		Since the cell it is on is blank (#), it follows the first rule in the table.
		That is, it leaves the blank in place, moves to the right, and halts immediately.
	math.hws.edu /eck/cs120/s02/test2.html (1637 words)

	[No title]
		The eight pot inputs used for paddles in the 400/800 are wired to the 5200's controller ports, two to a port.
		The even pots (POT0-POT6) give the horizontal positions of range from 1 to 228; the maximum readings are to the right for the horizontal pot and at the bottom for the vertical pot.
		If maskable interrupts (IRQs) are enabled and one is received, the 6502 vectors through $FFFE to an instruction which jumps through the immediate IRQ vector.
	atarihq.com /danb/files/52analog.txt (1917 words)

	OLD-COMPUTERS.COM : The Museum
		This would effect interrupt timing and sometimes lead to tape loading errors in these graphics modes.
		Disk access had a higher priority than the screen refresh which led to "snow" on the screen (later disk filing system code would blank the screen temporarily).
		The expansion port had all the CPU bus and interrupt lines so was as potentially as expandable as the BBC.
	www.old-computers.com /MUSEUM/doc.asp?c=121 (230 words)

	Virtuoso Layout Editor User Guide -- 16. Dialog Box Messages
		The cell name field in the form is blank.
		You clicked the same point twice or drew a vertical or horizontal line when creating a rectangle with Reshape or Yank or when creating a parameterized rectangle for a pcell instance.
		You clicked the same point twice or drew a vertical or horizontal line when creating a rectangle around objects you want to yank.
	jas.eng.buffalo.edu /courses/ee549/cadence/virtuosoDoc/chap16.html (4587 words)

	GB DEV FAQs
		At the end of the interrupt, a RETI assembly instruction is usually executed which returns to executing code that was running before the interrupt occurred and enables interrupts again.
		The reality is that this interrupt can occur several times during the process of pressing a button and several times while releasing a button due to button "bounce" that often occurs but few realize it.
		Any pending interrupts will be serviced in the order of their priority and they all will be serviced at once before control is returned to non-interrupt code.
	www.devrs.com /gb/files/faqs.html (16857 words)

	ST Demos 1
		That's what an interrupt is. Interrupts are also used to process keyboard/Midi data, disk access, or internal clocks.
		In addition, there was another way to cause an interrupt, called the Timer B interrupt, which only occurred when the screen display itself was on (i.e.
		Now, back to the theory: The time-relation between the start of the VBL interrupt and the point in time needed to open borders was fixed, but not accurately enough for side borders.
	www.clarets.org /steve/demos/files/stdemos1.html (1340 words)

	Circuit Cellar - Digital Library - 118 Gray
		Generating VGA-compatible horizontal and vertical sync timings, VGA shifts pixels out at 24 MHz, twice the system clock rate, shifting one out when CLK is high and a second when it is low.
		The horizontal and vertical sync pulses are advanced a few clocks (lines) to center the display in the frame (see Table 5).
		To generate horizontal and vertical syncs and a video blanking signal, you need a 9-bit horizontal cycle counter and a 10-bit vertical line counter.
	www.circuitcellar.com /library/print/0500/Gray118/10.htm (769 words)

	De Re Atari - Chapter 8
		Interrupts are generated by numerous events, including keyboard keystrokes, the BREAK keystroke, some serial bus events, system timer timeouts, and the vertical blank interval on the television.
		If a particular interrupt is enabled at the level of the three guardian chips, then they allow the interrupt request to pass on to the 6502.
		After a vertical blank interrupt has been recognized by the OS, the contents of the A, X, and Y registers are placed onto the stack.
	evilbill.org /Atari/8-Bit/dere/chapt8.html (9363 words)

	Carbide Blank Blank Coating Dvd Media Rw (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The Blank Book - The Blank Book is a companion book to the A Series of Unfortunate Events series.
		It is mostly blank and was intended to be a commonplace book (commonplace books are featured extensively in the series).
		Blank Coating Dvd Media Rw It offers many channels of DVD releases.
	www.futuremediaproducts.com /carbideblank.html (337 words)

	Thales Computers Rugged COTS VME Embedded Systems (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		Specifies the location along a horizontal sweep which defines the deassertion of the horizontal blank:
		For the vertical variables, it is the same principle as for horizontal variables without taking account of Screen Depth.
		Horizontal and Vertical Frequency are not stored in the P9100, nor in the RGB525 registers.
	www.cetia.com /faqs_detail.asp?ID=24 (995 words)

	SNES Graphics Information (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		The horizontal and vertical flip bits, if set to 1, will cause the characters to be mirrored when shown on the screen, so that they are facing the opposite direction.
		The vertical and horizontal flips work similarly to flips in the BGs; the entire sprite is flipped so that the leftmost pixel is swapped with the rightmost pixel, etc. To see the effect of the priority bits, see the description of register $2105.
		Horizontal IRQs are rarely used, because of the high frequency (every scanline) of the interrupts.
	oregonstate.edu /~robinsfr/docs/emu/SNES/QSNESDOC.HTM (7731 words)

	Manual page for slap(1) (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-13)
		the current label (if not blank) is ejected and the print position is moved to the start of the next label.
		slap catches hangup, interrupt, quit, and terminate signals so that the printer can be put into a quiescent state if slap is terminated by an outside agent (eg: the print-spooling subsystem).
		After tidying up, slap stops catching the offending signal and sends itself the same signal, which (this time) will terminate it, giving the impression that the first occurence of the signal was not caught.
	members.tripod.com /uutil/slap/manpage.htm (1406 words)

	Scanning Classroom Exams
		Any marks placed near or in the areas of the fl horizontal marks or fl square renders scoring impossible.
		Leave the ID grid blank on the key sheet.
		Make sure that no other papers or blank answer sheets are included as they interrupt the scanning machine and delay processing.
	www.asu.edu /uts/s_classroom.htm (846 words)

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