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| | Projections and Coordinate Systems |
 | | The geographic system (latitude-longitude), which is based on angles measured on a sphere, is not valid for measurements on a plane. |
 | | Therefore, a Cartesian coordinate system is used, where the origin (0, 0) is toward the lower left of the planar section. |
 | | Within each zone, a local coordinate system is defined, in which the X-origin is located 500,000 m west of the central meridian, and the Y-origin is the south pole or the equator, depending on the hemisphere. |
| gis.washington.edu /esrm250/lessons/projection (3039 words) |
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