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	Cooperative - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		Cooperatives may be generally classified as either consumer or producer cooperatives, depending largely on the mutual interest (see mutual organizations) that their membership shares.
		In for-profit cooperatives any surplus may be returned to members by way of a rebate or bonus on their activity with the cooperative, or a dividend on their shareholding in the cooperative.
		A housing cooperative is a legal mechanism for ownership of housing where residents either own shares (share capital co-op) reflecting their equity in the co-operative's real estate, or have membership and occupancy rights in a not-for-profit co-operative (non-share capital co-op), and they underwrite their housing through paying subscriptions or rent.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Cooperative (2643 words)

	Housing cooperative - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		It is relatively difficult to start a housing co-op because if the idea is, for instance, to build a building or group of buildings to house the members, this usually takes a significant mortgage for which a financial institution will want assurances of responsibility.
		Most of the housing cooperatives in the Greater New York area were converted to that status during the 1980's; generally they were large buildings built between the 1920's and 1950's that a single landlord or corporation owned and rented out that were now unprofitable as rental units.
		The first housing cooperatives were built around 1900, many of them in the Helsinki neighborhood of Katajanokka, in the national romantic Jugend style.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Housing_cooperative (2523 words)

	Housing cooperative: Facts and details from Encyclopedia Topic (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A housing cooperative is a legal form of real estate ownership where residents own shares in an entire group of homes, EHandler: no quick summary.
		Building co-operatives are co-operative housing corporations where individuals or families work together to directly construct their own homes on a co-op basis....
		Thumbleftimage:cloynect1.jpgthumbrightcloyne court hotelthe cloyne court hotel is a former hotel and apartment house at 2600 ridge road on the north side of...
	www.absoluteastronomy.com /encyclopedia/h/ho/housing_cooperative.htm (562 words)

	Buying Into a Housing Cooperative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A housing cooperative is formed when people join with each other on a democratic basis to own or control the housing and/or related community facilities in which they live.
		As part of your membership (being a shareholder) in the cooperative you have an exclusive right to live in a specific unit (this is established thorough a occupancy agreement or proprietary lease) for as long as you want, as long as you don't break any of the rules or regulations of the cooperative.
		Mobile home park cooperatives usually own the land, utilities, and community facilities; their members own the individual "mobile homes." Some other housing cooperatives own land and community facilities and use legal documents including recorded covenants as the basis for maintaining the desired cooperative controls over functioning of the cooperative community.
	www.coophousing.org /buying_in.shtml (1301 words)

	[No title] (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Co-op residents, as the owners, have control of their housing and are responsible for hiring and supervising the management, participating in the governance of the cooperative, establishing budgets and setting operational policies and procedures.
		Leasehold cooperative: Rather than owning the property on which the co-op is built, a leasehold cooperative leases the property from an investor on a long-term basis.
		Housing cooperatives for seniors in rural areas provide two distinct sets of benefits: first, as a safe, affordable home for seniors in the community; and second, as a positive economic boon to the community.
	www.cdsus.coop /publications/howtosch_ex.doc (1044 words)

	IC Web Site: Communities Directory: Article - A Look at Student Housing Cooperatives
		They established a set of principles, six of which are practiced today by cooperatives around the world: open membership; one member, one vote; limited return on share capital; not-for-p rofit operation; continuous education, and cooperation among cooperatives.1 Although student housing cooperatives vary widely in their practices, most follow these six principles.
		Rochdale-model cooperative housing in the United States dates back to the late 1800s to several apartment associations that operated cooperatively in New York City.2 Students first became involved in the cooperative movement around the same period, as sho wn by the founding of the Harvard Cooperative Society in 1882.
		A few student housing cooperatives opened their doors around the turn of the century, with Northwestern University opening what may have been the first student housing co-op in 1886.3 The firs t wave of student housing co-ops typically served self-supporting women students for whom economical housing was essential to remaining in school.
	www.ic.org /pnp/cdir/1995/32altus.php (1471 words)

	Rural Cooperative Housing for Older Adults: An Emerging Challenge for Extension Educators
		Although the National Association of Housing Cooperatives was established in 1950, this alternative was largely overlooked by the public until relatively recently, and had never been undertaken for older adults specifically until 1991.
		Cooperative members, as shareholders, are the owners of the buildings and grounds, and govern their operation.
		Housing cooperatives can benefit the community as well by freeing up existing housing for younger residents and by increasing the local tax base.
	www.joe.org /joe/2001april/a3.html (1917 words)

	Senior Cooperative Housing - Presentation to President's Commission
		From a gerontological point of view, the essential benefit of the cooperative is that it provides an economic structure and social framework that fosters self reliance, self control and determination, interdependence and cooperation among the resident members, even among those with severe chronic conditions.
		The elimination of current laws and regulations that impede the investment of pension funds and other organizations in housing and the development of incentives for pension funds that invest in elderly housing in general, and elderly housing cooperatives in particular, or moderate younger family housing linked to elderly housing cooperative developments.
		And we urge you to consider the cooperative concept as a means to provide affordable housing that enhances the longer life of our current elderly and turns over affordable housing to generations yet to age.
	www.winternet.com /~webpage/seniorco-opnet/glaser.html (2033 words)

	cooperative housing association MAHC home page (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Midwest Association of Housing Cooperative (MAHC) Annual Conference 2006 is an exciting conference for Cooperatives who need the latest information on the importance of a strong local community and the vital role it plays in meeting the aspirations of ordinary people.
		Cooperative organizations have been facing difficult challenges about how they move forward.
		Midwest Association of Housing Cooperatives Annual Conference With a full slate of informative sessions designed to help you take maximum advantage of the way we operate and the future of cooperatives.
	www.mahc.coop (391 words)

	Purdue housing cooperative on probation for alcohol violations (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		The Marwood Cooperative, a men's house at 136 Littleton St., was placed on probation until April 30, 2005, for hosting a party during the 2004 Grand Prix weekend at which alcoholic beverages were served to and consumed by minors.
		Gemini Cooperative and Ann Tweedale Cooperative were placed on probation for alcohol violations in unrelated incidents earlier in the year.
		Purdue's 12 housing cooperatives are student-run independent living groups that are affiliated with the university and are bound by the same university rules that govern sororities and fraternities.
	www.purdue.edu /UNS/html3month/2004/040610.Rice.coop.html (296 words)

	CNYC \| Four Major CNYC Tax & Legal Projects Move Forward
		A strong coalition representing thousands of housing cooperatives and condominiums throughout the city has proposed that all cooperative and condominium cases in the housing court be heard in a separate part by judges familiar with the governance of these unique forms of housing.
		CNYC challenges the inference that, for housing cooperatives to operate on a cooperative basis, individual shareholders cannot profit from their participation in the cooperative.
		When individual farmers join together to sell their produce through a cooperative or when individual grocers or hardware merchants join together to purchase goods through a cooperative, each member of the cooperative seeks to make a profit as a result of dealing through the cooperative.
	www.cnyc.com /code/newsletters/1995/1995-win-develop.htm (1016 words)

	Co-op Village Online Community
		Then known as Amalgamated Cooperative Apartment House, it was the first limited equity housing cooperative in the United States.
		Bolstered by the success of Amalgamated Cooperative in the Bronx, the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America immediately began working on a 2nd limited equity housing cooperative on Manhattan's Lower East Side - Amalgamated Dwellings was born.
		Completed around 1930, Amalgamated Dwellings was the first of four housing cooperatives to be built along Grand Street from Essex Street east to the FDR Drive.
	www.lesonline.org /cv/aboutus.htm (918 words)

	Amalgamated Housing - About Us
		Amalgamated is the oldest limited equity housing cooperative in the United States.
		The United Housing Foundation, which built tens of thousands of homes for families of moderate income, was created by leaders from the Amalgamated.
		It signifies the economic soundness of the cooperative conception as well as the assured success of both these housing undertakings which were inspired by the splendid ideal of mutual good and reciprocal benefit."
	www.amalgamated-bronx.coop /about.html (311 words)

	Housing cooperative struggles to survive - Monday, 03/26/01 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		A pile of debris where a house was demolished more than a year ago lies waiting for someone to clean up.
		Some say Wherry, the state's first housing cooperative, is an eyesore and should be torn down and replaced with more lucrative industrial businesses.
		In a cooperative structure, residents purchase an equity stake in the housing complex.
	tennessean.com /local/archives/01/03/03611616.shtml?Element_ID=3611616 (854 words)

	CNYC \| Thwaites Terrace Case Overcomes I.R.C. 277
		Thwaites Terrace Case Overcomes I.R.C. But ruling taxes this cooperative under Subchapter T. Section 216 housing cooperatives are subject to Subchapter T and not to Section 277 of the Internal Revenue Code.
		Judge Colvin found that Section 216 housing cooperatives are subject to Subchapter T, regardless of whether shareowners vote by number of shares or on a one-unit, one-vote basis, and regardless of whether patronage dividends have been paid to shareholders.
		Allocating among members all fruits and increases arising from their cooperative endeavor in proportion to their participation (housing cooperatives operate at breakeven or use gains to reduce maintenance for subsequent years; Thwaites had operating losses in the years in question).
	www.cnyc.com /code/newsletters/1996/1996-thwaites.htm (678 words)

	PolicyLink - Limited Equity Housing Cooperatives -- Resources
		This may be done by decision of the members as follows: (a) by provision for development of the business of the cooperative; (b) by provision of common services; or, (c) by distribution among the members in proportion to their transactions with the society.
		All cooperative societies should make provision for the education of their members, officers, and employees and of the general public in the principles and techniques of cooperation, both economic and democratic.
		All cooperative organizations, in order to best serve the interest of their members and their communities, should actively cooperate in every practical way with other cooperatives at local, national, and international levels.
	www.policylink.org /EDTK/LEHC/Resources.html (1341 words)

	University of Wisconsin Center for Cooperatives: Housing Cooperatives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		RCH (the Association for Resident Control of Housing) is a non-profit organization well known for its support of residents creating resident-controlled housing in New England.
		CSI is a private, non-profit housing cooperative that promotes a model of affordable resident-assisted housing for seniors.
		The leading housing and community development advocate for the provision of adequate and affordable housing and strong, viable communities for all Americans particularly those for low - and moderate- incomes.
	www.wisc.edu /uwcc/info/i_pages/house.html (627 words)

	Alex Laidlaw Housing Cooperative
		The Alex Laidlaw Housing Cooperative initiative was started in 1978 as part of the LeBreton Flats Demonstration Project.
		The construction work began in the spring of 1980 through the collaborative work of the cooperative members who helped plan and design construction of the 36-unit town houses and by the following Christmas development was ready for the members to move in even though construction was not complete.
		Today, we are proud for having the tradition of self-helped self- served democratic operation to continue in the framework of the theory of Cooperative Sector and by our firm practical adherence to the "Cooperative Principles" that assures our memberships' democratic control over our operation.
	alexlaidlawcoop.bizland.com (280 words)

	Brown Association for Cooperative Housing
		The Brown Association of Cooperative Housing is a non profit corporation consisting of about thirty people who reside in our two houses: Watermyn, 166 Waterman St; and Finlandia, 116 Waterman St.
		BACH was founded in 1970, the brainchild of student activists at Brown stemming from a wider cooperative movement revived in America during the sixties.
		We want people who belive in cooperation, who are willing to make sacrifices, wash dishes, cook, clean, put up with and prevent noise, and sometimes put themselves second so that everyone can live and get along better.
	www.brown.edu /Students/BACH (341 words)

	Open Directory - Business: Real Estate: Residential: Cooperatives (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Cooperatives in the 21st Century - Housing coperative consultants, offering seminars and consulations on the running and management of housing co-ops.
		The Council of New York Cooperatives and Condominiums - News and archived information for residential housing cooperatives and condominiums in New York and beyond.
		National Association of Housing Cooperatives - The U.S. is a nonprofit national federation of housing cooperatives and mutual housing associations.
	dmoz.org /Business/Real_Estate/Residential/Cooperatives (394 words)

	cooperative housing association MAHC links (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		Educates and fosters development of housing cooperatives; serves as a clearing house of information on housing cooperatives.
		This website is specifically designed to educate and inform cooperative boards and, while it is not designed to replace or provide legal advice from your cooperative attorney, it provides a good reference starting point.
		Pentiuk, Couvreur and Kobiljak is a highly regarded Michigan law firm serving Cooperative Boards throughout the State of Michigan in all aspects of housing cooperative matters, including dealings with HUD, refinancings, civil lawsuits, corporate law, bylaw and governing document revisions, evictions, and board policy drafting and enforcement.
	www.mahc.coop /links.htm (435 words)

	National Cooperative Business Association
		The Cooperative Housing Foundation is a non-profit rganization dedicated to the development of better housing and related community services for low and moderate income families in the United States and throughout the world.
		The National Association of Housing Cooperatives is a national federation of housing cooperatives, professionals, organizations and individuals, organized to promote the interests of cooperative housing communities.
		The North American Students of Cooperation (NASCO), is a bi-national trade association of campus cooperatives in the United States and Canada.
	www.ncba.coop /resources.cfm?rcatid=3 (450 words)

	Amalgamated Housing - Welcome!
		Our website is intended for our cooperators and former cooperators, people applying for membership and those thinking of applying, for historians and students of the cooperative movement, and for everyone interested in this historic and living cooperative community.
		Founded in 1927, Amalgamated is the oldest limited equity housing cooperative in the United States.
		We still provide affordable housing and a strong community for 1500 moderate-income families.
	www.amalgamated-bronx.coop (194 words)

	Michigan State University Student Housing Cooperative
		MSU Student Housing Cooperative, Inc. was formed in 1969 as a federation of the existing cooperatives to promote the concept of cooperative living in East Lansing.
		Campus cooperatives bring the principles of member ownership and member control to the campus setting.
		Campus cooperatives differ from non-campus cooperatives in that they frequently place a higher value on member participation.
	msu.coop (157 words)

	Living in a Housing Cooperative (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-08)
		These are outlined in your cooperative's documents, which typically include the articles of incorporation, bylaws, proprietary lease or occupancy agreement, subscription agreement, and house rules.
		Co-op housing residents have the same potential tax benefits as other homeowners, including taking their share of the mortgage interest and real estate taxes as a deduction on Schedule A of their 1040 federal income tax return.
		As a democratic organization that follows the cooperative principles, cooperatives give you a voice in the operation of your co-op.
	www.coophousing.org /living_in.shtml (664 words)

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