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Topic: Hryvnia

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	History of Hryvnia
		In various historical periods the word "hryvnia" meant a copper coin of two and a half kopiyka denomination, later - three kopiykas, and at last, a silver coin of ten kopyika denomination was called "hryvenyk" (as it is known this tradition had been maintained during the Soviet period).
		Hryvnia might have become such currency according to traditions of both Kyiv Rus and the period of liberation wars of 1917-1920.
		Both Hryvnias and karbovanets were used in cash circulation for 15 days: September 2-16, 1996, with a gradual withdrawal of the latter.
	www.bank.gov.ua /Engl/Bank_coin/histor_grn.htm (1001 words)

	Ukrainian hryvnia - Free net encyclopedia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Image:1 Hryvnia-Coin front.jpg The hryvnia replaced the karbovanets, the currency Ukraine used after the breakup of the Soviet Union (karbovanets is equivalent to ruble in the Ukrainian language).
		The hryvnia symbol is a cursive Ukrainian letter He, with a double horizontal stroke symbolizing stability.
		Hryvnia was used as currency in Kievan Rus' in the 11th century.
	www.netipedia.com /index.php/Grivna (377 words)

	Stable hryvnia greets introduction of monetary reform in Ukraine (09/08/96)
		KYIV - The hryvnia, Ukraine's new national currency, debuted on the streets of Kyiv on Monday morning, September 2, but on this first day of the long-awaited monetary reform, many residents combed the city looking for open banks and currency exchanges to trade in their old karbovantsi for the new, multi-colored bills.
		Although pensions and wages were paid out to senior citizens and state sector employees in crisp new hryvni and shiny kopiyky (coins) on Monday morning, workers in the private sector, tourists and foreigners waited in long lines to change karbovantsi and dollars into the new currency.
		It can currently be exchanged for 100,000 karbovantsi to 1 hryvnia, and both residents of Ukraine and non-residents can exchange their karbovantsi for hryvni until September 16, the last day both currencies will circulate in Ukraine.
	www.ukrweekly.com /Archive/1996/369602.shtml (1031 words)

	Hryvnia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Hryvnia currency symbol The hryvnia (Ukrainian &1075;&1088;&1080;&1074;&1085;&1103;) has been the national currency of Ukraine since 1996 when it replaced the "coupon" (or karbovanets), the temporary currency used after Ukraine left the Soviet Union and the ruble zone.
		The hryvnia symbol [may not be rendered in all browsers] has been accepted for encoding as U+20B4 in Unicode 4.1, to be introduced in 2005.
		As of April 17, 2005, there were 5.23500 hryvnias to the US dollar or 6.736398 to the Euro.
	hryvnia.iqnaut.net (328 words)

	Ukrainian hryvnia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		In Ukrainian, the nominative plural form is used for numbers ending with two to four, as in dvi hryvni (two hryvnias), and the genitive plural is used for numbers ending with five to nine, and zero, for example sto hryven’ (100 hryvnias), instead of using the constructed English plural hryvnias.
		The hryvnia sign is a cursive Ukrainian letter He, with a double horizontal stroke symbolizing stability.
		The hryvnia replaced the karbovanets, the currency Ukraine used after the breakup of the Soviet Union (karbovanets is equivalent to ruble in Ukrainian) during September 2-16, 1996.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Hryvnia (829 words)

	Calculator for Ukrainian Hryvnia (UAH) Currency Exchange Rate Conversion
		Enter the amount to be converted in the box to the left of the currency and press the "convert" button.
		The Ukrainian Hryvnia is the currency in Ukraine (UA, UKR).
		The Ukrainian Hryvnia is divided into 100 kopiykas.
	coinmill.com /UAH_calculator.html (304 words)

	Ukraine launches monetary reform, hryvnia to be put into circulation (09/01/96)
		Ukrainian National Bank officials said they are considering pegging the hryvnia to a hard currency or basket of currencies, and will apply for an international credit rating in approximately 16 weeks.
		Ukrainian citizens initially met news of the impending introduction of the hryvnia with panic, scrambling to change their karbovantsi to dollars, for fear that their money would depreciate in value.
		The 1 hryvnia note - dark green in color - will feature a portrait of Prince Volodymyr the Great on the front, and an image of the ruins of Khersones, the site where he converted to Christianity, on the back.
	www.ukrweekly.com /Archive/1996/359601.shtml (1543 words)

	Global Insight // Our Perspective
		As a result, the hryvnia plunged 3% from 5.19/dollar on 20 April, but stabilized a day later at 5.05/dollar as the central bank stepped in again to buy dollars.
		Although a more-flexible exchange-rate management (including hryvnia appreciation) was in the offing, the timing and sheer size of the realignment was shocking, sparking anger among financial markets, politicians, and the public.
		While the recent appreciation is a dramatic sign of the hryvnia's current strength, significant macroeconomic problems underscore the notion that exchange-rate risks—upside as well as downside—cannot be neglected.
	www.globalinsight.com /Perspective/PerspectiveDetail1889.htm (921 words)

	Banknotes
		The Trident depiction is a watermark on the banknotes with face-value 1, 2, 5, 10, 20 Hryvnias, issued in 1992.
		Watermark on the banknotes of 1, 2, 5, 10 and 20 Hryvnias denomination (1992) is a light TRIDENT depiction, made within the internal paper structure.
		It is replicated throughout the banknote's plane and is visible against the light; on the banknotes, issued later there is a depiction of a portrait, made within the internal paper structure, copying the one on the banknote obverse.
	www.bank.gov.ua /ENGL/Bank_coin/Banknoty/banknoty.htm (1251 words)

	International Adoption Agency \| Currency :: Ukraine
		The Hryvnia, also spelled sometimes as Hryvna or Grivna (UHR) was introduced September 2, 1996 by the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU).
		Coupons were later exchanged at the fixed rate of 100,000 coupons to 1 Hryvnia and as of September 15, 1997 the Hryvnia remains the only legal tender in Ukraine.
		Hryvnia can be freely converted to hard currency in any autorised bank or exchange point.
	www.faithfuladoption.org /adoption/ukraine/currency.aspx (311 words)

	Orange Ukraine - Journal of Ukrainian Current Events - The Hryvnia – Brought to you by Yushchenko
		This post is on the hryvnia as Yushchenko’s legacy from his NBU days, meant to tie in with my earlier posting on his and Tymoshenko's contribution under the Kuchma government.
		The hryvnia is Yushchenko’s chief accomplishment as National Bank Governor.
		Rather, the introduction and relative stability of the hryvnia is his contribution.
	orangeukraine.squarespace.com /journal/2005/1/29/the-hryvnia-brought-to-you-by-yushchenko.html (1712 words)

	Kiev Information Guide. Money Matters
		Hryvnia, introduced on the 2nd of September, 1996, is the only legal tender in Ukraine today.
		There are bills for 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 and 100 hryvnias.
		Hryvnia can be easily converted to hard currency in any authorized bank of Ukraine or in numerous currency exchange offices.
	www.kiev.info /traveltips/money.htm (611 words)

	Ukrainian hryvnia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
		One hryvnia is divided into 100 kopiyok (genitive plural, singular kopiyka).
		Hryvnia is often transliterated as hryvna or hryvnya, also from Russian: grivna.
		The hryvnia symbol ₴ [may not be rendered in all browsers] has been accepted for encoding as U+20B4 in Unicode 4.1 released in 2005.
	en.wikipedia.org /wiki/Ukrainian_hryvnia (831 words)

	Kravchuk: The 1996 Currency Reform
		President Kuchma announced on August 24, 1996 the long-awaited introduction of Ukraine's permanent national currency, the hryvnia.[15] Coming on the fifth anniversary of Ukraine's independence, the announcement was greeted with much fanfare.
		Indeed, it seems that the timing could not have been better.[16] While it is true that the June 1996 Constitution of Ukraine designated the hryvnia as the national currency, in addition to the legal requirement, there were many practical reasons for replacing the karbovanets.
		According to the decree signed by President Kuchma, the hryvnia would be introduced on September 2, 1996, at an initial rate of conversion of 100,000 karbovantsi to 1 hryvnia, effectively lopping off 5 digits from all shop prices.
	www.fas.harvard.edu /~huri/workpaper/kravchuk/96reform.html (609 words)

	ICPS -=- About . News . Government shuffle won’t affect stability of hryvnia (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		This indicates that, at least at the moment, pressure on the hryvnia is not downward but upward.
		This is due to fundamental factors such as the Current Account surplus and a slew of temporary factors, including supplies of hard currency from grain traders on world markets who are interested in the new crop of Ukrainian wheat, loans taken out on international markets by Ukrainian corporations, and so on.
		Despite the central bank’s nominal independence, the spring revaluation of the hryvnia was in large part due to pressure from the Cabinet.
	www.icps.kiev.ua /eng/news.html?id=166 (402 words)

	ForUm :: Hryvnia devalues 4.3% in January-June
		The real effective exchange rate of the hryvnia national currency rose by 0.9% in June but fell by 4.3% in the entire January-June period of 2006, according to data from the Economy Ministry.
		According to the ministry, the rise of the hryvnia's real effective exchange rate against the US dollar and the Russia ruble in June lowered the competitiveness of Ukrainian exports by 0.9%.
		According to specialists with the Economy Ministry, the hryvnia rose against the euro by 1.06% in June and by 5.58% in the January-June period, in line with the trends on international currency markets.
	en.for-ua.com /news/2006/08/01/111759.html (386 words)

	Bloomberg.com: Europe (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		Easing limits on the hryvnia would help move the $60 billion economy closer to the EU and follow similar moves by regional peers including Poland and the Czech Republic, which ousted communism in 1989 and joined the EU last year.
		Ukraine, with a population of about 47 million, is sandwiched between Russia and the EU and is the main transit territory for delivery of Russian natural gas to Europe.
		The hryvnia may strengthen to as high as 4.8 against the U.S. dollar by the end of the year, Teryokhin said.
	www.bloomberg.com /apps/news?pid=10000085&sid=aVDSmAb1fe.o&refer=europe (884 words)

	EMBASSY OF UKRAINE to the UNITED STATES - PRESS RELEASES (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The GDP for 1999 is projected at 112 billion hryvnia (the projected GDP for 1998 is 101.1 billion); the consumer price index is projected at 9.6% (11% in 1998); the wholesale price index is projected at 7.6% (8% in 1998).
		The consolidated budget revenue is projected at 26.3 billion hryvnia or 23.5% of GDP, including state budget revenues of 19.1 billion hryvnia and local budget revenues of 7.1 billion hryvnia (a consolidated budget revenue of 29.8 billion hryvnia was projected for 1998).
		In drafting the 1999 budget, the government uses as a guideline a budget deficit of 1.5% of GDP (1,660 million hryvnia), which is expected to be financed mainly with external loans.
	www.brama.com /ukraine-embassy/pre0828.html (1402 words)

	Sun Herald - 10/01/97 (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The hryvnia was introduced in September 1996 to replace temporary Ukrainian currency after independence (Aug. 24, 1991), called Karbovanetz, but commonly referred to as "coupons." When introduced, the value of hryvnia was Hr 1.76 to the U.S. dollar.
		The chief engineer of the introduction of hryvnia was Victor Yushchenko, the central bank governor.
		A parliamentary commission chose illustrations for the hryvnia based on an old monetary unit that was widely used in Rus'-Ukraine (also known as Kievan Rus'), and once again in the Ukrainian National Republic in 1918.
	www.sun-herald.com /newsarchive2/100197/cl20.htm (545 words)

	UKRAINE STRENGTHENS CURRENCY, RUSSIAN OIL COMPANIES BENEFIT MOST - Eurasia Daily Monitor
		This is because the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) suddenly appreciated the hryvnia by a whopping 3% on April 20, hiking it to 5.05 hryvnias per dollar.
		They replied on April 22 that the hryvnia's appreciation is natural, as it had long been pegged to the dollar at an artificially low rate in order to support exports and maintain currency stability.
		The radical hryvnia appreciation, which suspiciously coincided with the settlement of the pricing conflict between the cabinet and the oil traders, has harmed the Ukrainian middle class, the very economic group that brought President Viktor Yushchenko to power last December.
	www.jamestown.org /edm/article.php?article_id=2369642 (786 words)

	Hryvnia - The New Official Currency of Ukraine.
		Hryvnia - The New Official Currency of Ukraine.
		There is a full set of images of all Hryvnia bills and commemorative coins on their web site.
		In addition bills of 50 and 100 Hryvnias and partially 1 Hryvnia (alternative design) have additional protection levels to ensure their safety.
	www.uazone.net /Hryvnia (572 words)

	PwC Ukraine: Online Business Guide: Ukraine Profile: Economic Overview (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-19)
		The currency of Ukraine, the Hryvnia (UAH), was introduced in 1996.
		The strong currency policy and successful management of the external debt-service obligations implemented by the Cabinet of Ministers have facilitated the stability of the Hryvnia as the country smoothly moved to an openly floating exchange rate.
		At the end of October 2005, the exchange rate of Hryvnia against the US dollar was UAH 5.05 and against the EURO it was UAH 6.07.
	www.pwc.com /extweb/insights.nsf/docid/2E85F888F125083080256F3C004AACE0 (572 words)

	News Brief: Statement by IMF Managing Director on Ukraine
		Ukraine has indicated that all monetary holdings in the former currency, the karbovanets, will be converted into hryvnia at a single rate of conversion (Krb 100,000 for one hryvnia).
		During the period September 2-September 16, the karbovanets and the hryvnia have been allowed to circulate in parallel.
		Beyond this period, the hryvnia will be Ukraine's sole legal tender.
	www.imf.org /external/np/sec/nb/1996/nb9607.htm (334 words)

	Guardian \| A hryvnia for your thoughts
		I give this information on the strict condition that nobody passes it on to such people of power and influence as might think it a useful precedent.
		· I am asked to confirm, which I do with alacrity, that the standard unit of currency in the Ukraine is the hryvnia.
		A reader called Robin Hector tells me he's been trying to convince Lloyds TSB that the hryvnia is the chappie they should be looking for, but the help desk keeps insisting it's the karbovanets - which in fact, he says, was last used when the Soviets were in power 12 years ago.
	www.guardian.co.uk /print/0,,4720560-103677,00.html (834 words)

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