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	Huai He Information
		Huai He The Huai River (Chinese: 淮河; pinyin: Huái Hé) is about mid-way between the Yellow River (Huang He) and the Yangtze River.
		The Huai River is considered—along with the Yangtze River—as one of the dividing lines between North China and South China.
		However, beginning in 1194 the Yellow River to the north changed its course southwards to run into the Huai River, and changed back and forth several times over the next 700 years.
	www.bookrags.com /Huai_River (224 words)

	Encyclopedia: Yangtze River
		The river is the sole habitat of the critically endangered Chinese River Dolphin and Chinese paddlefish.
		River cruises of several days duration especially through the beautiful and scenic Three Gorges area are becoming popular as a tourism industry grows in China.
		The YÃ¼an River or Yuanjiang (æ²…æ±Ÿ or æ²…æ°´) is one of the four largest rivers in Hunan province in southeast-central China, and is a tributary of Yangtze River.
	www.nationmaster.com /encyclopedia/Yangtze-River (2865 words)

	geofo\geogren.html
		In the middle reaches, ending at Zhengzhou in Henan province, the river flows south between the Shaanxi and Shanxi Provinces, draining a basin consisting largely of thick deposits of unmodified aeolian loess which is eroded readily by rainfall and wind and accounts for over 90 per cent of the sediment in the main channel downstream.
		An average of 1.6 billion tons of sediment enters the river channel at Zhengzhou annually, of which about 1.2 billion tons is carried out to sea, leaving behind a substantial amount to contribute to the silting of the river channel.
		Efforts in taming the river in the modern times still concentrate on flood prevention in the plain by raising and strengthening 1,300 km of levee embankments lining both the north and south shores of the channel.
	www.cis.umassd.edu /~gleung/geofo/geogren.html (844 words)

	Huai River System in China
		In southern China in the Yangtse River Basin rainfall is heavy and more or less evenly distributed among the seasons, but to the north in the Huai and Yellow River Basins the annual rainfall tapers off to the minimum required for agriculture and even that is concentrated in the summer.
		The plan, involving at new route to the sea for the Huai River, was announced in the fall of 1950.
		For example, the Vice Chairman of the Huai River Harnessing Commission noted that at first laborers on 'his projects were paid only 3.3 pounds of grain per day (the equivalent of 0.2 Yuan) but that this gradually had to be raised to 0.85 Yuan per day.
	www.sjsu.edu /faculty/watkins/huairiver.htm (1430 words)

	Huai He - Definition, explanation
		The Huai River is considered - along with the Yangtze River - as one of the dividing lines between North China and South China.
		The Huai River used to run all the way to the sea through present-day northern Jiangsu province.
		However, starting in 1194 the Yellow River to the north changed its course southwards to run into the Huai River, and changed back and forth several times over the next 700 years.
	www.calsky.com /lexikon/en/txt/h/hu/huai_he.php (238 words)

	Ch08
		Roughly speaking, the area to the south of the Huai He together with the upper reaches of the Han Jiang lie in the north subtropical humid climatic zone, while the broad expanse to the north of the Huai He is in the temperate semihumid climatic zone.
		The rivers of the region are mainly rain-fed. Variations in runoff during the year are closely correlated with the distribution of precipitation but are more extreme due to the influence of topography and human activities.
		The basins of the Huai He and the middle and lower reaches of the Chang Jiang south of the Qin Ling as well as the Han Jiang are in the northern subtropical mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaf forest zone.
	www.unu.edu /unupress/unupbooks/80157e/80157E09.htm (5996 words)

	Cruising the Mekong River: Luang Say Lodge
		Known locally as “The mother of waters’, the river is the artery of life in Laos: a trading route, a source of food and water, and a social centre for the settlements along its route.
		Huai Say is a small and sleepy town, which was formerly of some importance as a trading depot for goods passing from China to Siam (Thailand).
		Huai Say has a thriving market and several new guesthouses and small hotels to cater to the recent influx of tourists to the region.
	www.circleofasia.com /features/index.asp?Id=176 (1112 words)

	Huai River - Karr.net (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The majority of the 150 million people that live along the Huai River Basin are farmers, and depend on the river water to irrigate their crops.
		The Huai River (Chinese: 怀河; Hanyu Pinyin: Huái Hé) is about mid-way between the Yellow River (Huang He) and the Yangtze River.
		But beginning in 1194 the Yellow River to the north changed its course southwards to run into the Huai River, and changed back and forth several times over the next 700 years...
	www.karr.net /encyclopedia/Huai_River (189 words)

	News: China: Floods - Jul 2003, China redoubles efforts to fight floods as flood crest moves east
		Water levels in the middle reaches of the river in Anhui province were beginning to recede Sunday, but floodwaters were marching to the lower reaches of the river in eastern Jiangsu province towards Hongze Lake, state media said.
		The Huai River valley is suffering its worst floods since 1991 due to continuous rainfall from the end of June, with water levels in some sections exceeding record levels.
		In the Huai River valley, local governments have evacuated farming communities, including some 1.04 million flood victims in the worst-hit Anhui province alone according to Xinhua Sunday, and blown up dykes in an attempt reduce the amount of water in the swelling river.
	www.reliefweb.int /rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/OCHA-64DF82?OpenDocument (837 words)

	Huai - Encyclopedia.com
		Huai or Hwai, river, c.680 mi (1,090 km) long, rising in the Tongbai Mts., Henan prov., E China, and flowing E across Anhui prov., through Hongze Lake, to the East China Sea.
		An irrigation canal branches from the river to the sea.
		Take me to the river: the river that runs through Norman Maclean's 1976 classic is a storied waterway.
	www.encyclopedia.com /doc/1E1-Huai.html (492 words)

	Evaluation on China's 10-year pollution management on Huai River
		Different remarks were sparkled on the effect of the ten years’pollution management on Huai River with the heavy investment and the large scale drawing attention from at home and abroad.
		Over the ten years of pollution management on Huai River, the governments of the four provinces along the river have taken a series of measures, such as structural adjustment, industrial pollution prevention and control, daily sewage treatment plant constructions and agricultural area pollution management, with the support from the central government.
		Lotus Monosodium Glutamate Factory, the largest industrial pollution source of Huai River Basin, dared to discharge industrial sewage, even around the inspection visit of the leaders of the Environment and Resource Protection Committee of NPC to Zhoukou at the end of this March.
	en-1.ce.cn /main/Insight/200410/15/t20041015_2012478.shtml (796 words)

	2005 STATISTIC BULLETIN ON CHINA WATER ACTIVITIES
		Among 19 major projects of Huai River harness, 5 were completed and accepted and 4 were almost completed.
		The prevention and control of soil and water losses were further implemented in upper and middle streams of the Yangtze River, upper and middle streams of the Yellow River, upper stream of the Pearl River, and fl soil areas in Northeast China.
		The investment for national irrigation district construction and water-saving rehabilitation reached to 6.7 billion Yuan, which was used for 306 water-saving rehabilitation of irrigation districts, 41 pilot waterworks projects in pastureland, 15.19 million mu of newly-expanded or improved effective irrigated land, and 14.88 million mu of water-saving irrigated area.
	www.mwr.gov.cn /gb/tj/egb2.asp (700 words)

	Hydroinformatics: modelling and information systems for integrated water resources management (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		The Huai River is one of the seven largest rivers in China.
		The Huai River lies in the climatical transitional zone from the northern to southern China.
		To the north of the Huai River is the South Temperate Zone and to the south of the Huai River is the North Subtropical Zone.
	www.ihe.nl /hi/MSc_abstracts/2001/Zhu.htm (546 words)

	China imagery page
		Wheat is the predominant crop north of the river, rice is grown in the south.
		AVHRR - Flooding along the Huai River, Anhui/Hubei provinces after heavy rain in June and July (rainfall graph, Anhui and Jiangsu provinces) Local authorities were forced to intentionally break some dikes on the upper part of the river in order to protect major population and industrial sites downstream.
		September 15, 2003 - AVHRR - Flooding is visible along the Wei River (a major tributary of the Yellow River) in Shaanxi Province, centered on Xian.
	www.fas.usda.gov /remote/china_countrypage/chimagery.html (2442 words)

	Stephen Voss, Washington DC Photographer, Water Pollution in China Photo Essay
		Unfortunately, the Huai is one of the most polluted stretches of water in the country.
		Its population of 1500 used to rely on the Shaying River, a major tributary of the Huai that runs by the town.
		The last attempt at cleaning the Huai began in 1994, when the central government announced a comprehensive plan to halt industrial pollution in three years, with the goal of having the river clean by 2000.
	www.stephenvoss.com /stories/ChinaRiverPollution/story.html (1498 words)

	Information Division, Taipei Economic and Cultural Office (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		Elizabeth Economy, a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, begins the study of environmental deterioration in China with the death of the Huai River, which is situated in the Huai River Valley, the fertile region that once provided the best crops in eastern China.
		In July 2001, heavy rains flooded the Huai River's tributaries with billions of gallons of highly polluted water that contained garbage, yellow foam and dead fish.
		The story of the Huai River Valley is typical of the destruction of the environment in China, a country that for centuries has known flooding, deaths, desertification, water scarcity, and shrinking forests as the population continues to grow.
	www.taipei.org /book/no041/black.html (701 words)

	DEVELOPMENT GATEWAY_ Huai River Basin Pollution Control Project
		The Huai River Basin is bounded on the north by the Yellow River and on the south by the Yangtze River.
		It is fed by two major river systems, that of the Huaihe and Yi-shu-shi, with the former rising in the southern part of the Basin and the latter in the north.
		The newest, 1995 Huai River Basin pollution regulations stipulate the closing by June 30, 1996, of all small TVE polluters, and by December 31, 1997, of state owned enterprises (SOE) polluters not in compliance with Basin discharge standards.
	us.tom.com /english/2190.htm (3168 words)

	The Epoch Times \| Pollution and GDP Go Hand in Hand in China’s Huai River Basin
		Despite a 60 billion yuan investment spent over a decade to clean up the Huai River, the latest data shows that the river is the most polluted it has ever been.
		The measures adopted in two, five-year plans for the Huai River are the only instance of pollution control for a single river and pollution prevention began on the Huai River before any other river in China.
		The COD (chemical oxygen demand — a measure of the total level of pollution) of the wastes entering the river are the highest yet recorded and the volume of wastewater entering the river is also exceeding the 1993 levels.
	en.epochtimes.com /news/4-7-4/22264.html (346 words)

	Spartanburg SC \| GoUpstate.com \| Spartanburg Herald-Journal (Site not responding. Last check: 2007-10-31)
		In the eastern provinces like Jiangsu and Anhui, however, the Yangtze River may instead be perceived as the north-south boundary instead of the Huai River, but this is a recent development.
		There is an ambiguous area, the region around Nanyang, Henan, that lies in the gap where the Qinling has ended and the Huai River has not yet begun; in addition, central Anhui and Jiangsu lie south of the Huai River but north of the Yangtze, making their classification somewhat ambiguous as well.
		However, assuming the traditional north-south boundary of the Huai River, the southeast coast is still wealthier today than the northeast coast in per capita terms.
	www.goupstate.com /apps/pbcs.dll/section?category=NEWS&template=wiki&text=southern_China (822 words)

	Pacific Environment : Activist Profile: Huo Taishan, Huai River Defender
		Only ten years ago, China's Huai River had enough clean, fresh water for dozens of villages along its route to thrive, with plenty of fish to support the economies and appetites along its 5,500 kilometer path.
		Alarmed by the rapid degradation of the Huai, he recently quit his job and formed the Huai River Defenders.
		He is but one example of a rising trend in China--citizens taking matters into their own hands, and building grassroots organizations to fight the onslaught of pollution coming from rapid industrialization.
	www.pacificenvironment.org /article.php?id=144&printsafe=1 (571 words)

	2006 Dragon Lijiang Symposium
		Furthermore, this meteorological duality is increased by the topography, with large plains with irrigated agriculture to the north of the Huai River on one side, occupying two thirds of the basin, and a mountainous area in the southern part, covered with a forest.
		Thus with precipitation of 600 mm per year in the north, the long northern tributaries run slowly toward the Huai River, where they meet the southern rivers, coming quickly from the mountains where the high precipitation (average of 1600 mm per year) occurs for 70 % from June to September, which is the flood season.
		Concerning floods, we have good results in 1986, 1988, 1989, 1990 and 1991, but otherwise we underestimate the discharge, particularly when the largest floods occurred: this is likely due to the overflowing of many reservoirs all over the basin, and thus the non-representativity of the measured discharge from the two large dams.
	earth.esrin.esa.it /cgi-bin/confdr06.pl?abstract=294 (969 words)

	AllRefer.com - Qinling, East Asia, East Asia (East Asian Physical Geography) - Encyclopedia
		Qinling or Tsinling[both: chin´ling´] Pronunciation Key, mountain range, outlier of the Kunlun Mts., between the Wei and Han rivers, Shaanxi prov., central China; Taibai shan (13,494 ft/4,113 m) is the highest peak.
		The range is wooded, and coal is mined in the central region.
		The Qinling, with the Huai River to the east, marks the geographical boundary between N and central China; rice and citrus fruits are generally not found south of this line.
	reference.allrefer.com /encyclopedia/Q/Qinling.html (205 words)

	history\xiayuen.html
		Whenever the river broke its banks and flooded the surrounding land, scholar officials of the past would voice their dismay that the channeling method of Sage Yu was not followed.
		With Huai River valley opened up for habitation, Yu's group led by his father Gun started to expand eastward towards the Shandong pennisular which was the stronghold of Shun.
		Both of the river's northern course, the Hai River valley, and its southern course, the Huai River valley, were being ravaged by floods again.
	www.cis.umassd.edu /~gleung/history/xiayuen.html (2448 words)

	Red Cross Red Crescent - News
		This was the most recent in a series of measures to control the level of the swollen Huai River, which continues to wreak havoc in Jiangsu and Anhui provinces.
		She has lived all her life by the river in Qinzhou prefecture, in Guangxi province, and every year with the arrival of the monsoon, she watches it swell.
		This year’s flooding on the Huai River is the worst since 1991, and the situation is not expected to improve soon.
	www.ifrc.org /docs/news/03/03070702 (708 words)

	Rivers Run Black and Chinese Die of Cancer- Social and Economic Policy - Global Policy Forum
		The stream in Huangmengying is one tiny canal in the Huai River basin, a vast system that has become a grossly polluted waste outlet for thousands of factories in central China.
		But the Huai is now a symbol of the failure of environmental regulation in China.
		The Huai River basin has neither the history of the Yellow River nor the mystique of the Yangtze.
	www.globalpolicy.org /socecon/develop/quality/2004/0912chinapollution.htm (2695 words)

	China From the Inside . Nature \| PBS
		Over half the country's major river systems are unfit for any human use.
		China is trying to feed 20 percent of the world's population on 7 percent of the world's arable land.
		Research took him to its main tributary, the Shaying, into which over a million tons of raw human sewage and untreated waste water are dumped daily.
	www.pbs.org /kqed/chinainside/nature/index.html (275 words)

	Lakes and Rivers in China Identified for Environmental Protection
		The Huai Re flows eastward through a very flat plain into Hongze Hu (lake) in Jiangsu province, and from there it drains through many small channels into the Yangtze River.
		It is formed from the confluence of a number of rivers which run from the mountains to the north and west.
		After that point, the river has descended to a lower elevation and is navigable for shipping.
	www.chinacp.com /eng/cppolicystrategy/cp_rivers_lakes.html (1307 words)

	2003155.html
		MODIS observation of high water on Huai River on July 7 and 12.
		Huai River and Hongze Lake near city of Bengbu in Anhui and Jiangsu Provinces
		Huai River west of Bengbu in Anhui Province
	www.dartmouth.edu /~floods/2003155.html (162 words)

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