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	The Huaorani of Ecuador - Crystalinks
		The Huaorani in the Ecuadorian headwaters of the Amazon comprise about 1,500 people who are living in up to 24 temporary settlements in an area of almost 20,000 sq.
		The identity of the Huaorani is characterised by their self-sufficient life off and in the forest whose biodiversity is one of the abundant in the world.
		To the Huaorani this is a kind of refuge which they use in case of danger or when their resource basis is diminishing.
	www.crystalinks.com /huaorani.html (1241 words)

	Campaign Page (Site not responding. Last check: )
		Huaorani lands situated in the northern provinces of the Oriente were severely affected early on, and today six oil concession blocks overlap Huaorani territory.
		For the Huaorani, the history of the last three decades has been one of encroachment on their land by oil companies and usurpers, both Mestizo colonists and other indigenous groups alike.
		In 1990 the Huaorani were granted communal legal title to over 600,000 hectares of their territory, in the largest title grant to that date.
	www.advocacynet.org /cpage_view/amazonoil_onhae_17_74.html (585 words)

	Expedition Leader's Report
		The Huaorani territory traditionally extended from the Rio Napo in the North, to the Rio Curaray in the South.
		Much work that has been written on the Huaorani has focussed on the jaguar, because it is extremely important to Huaorani shamanism, with two of their shamans having the ability to transform themselves into this powerful beast.
		The Huaorani now need to come to terms with 40 years of contact and develop at a slower pace so as to not lose sight of whom they are.
	members.aol.com /yasuniexped99/interim.htm (5297 words)

	Indigenous Huaorani Seek Oil Moratorium on Their Amazon Lands
		Members of the South American indigenous group, the Huaorani, are calling for a moratorium on all oil activities in their ancestral Amazonian lands in northeast Ecuador.
		Two Huaorani leaders traveled to Washington, DC last week and requested assistance in protecting their homelands during visits with Congresswoman Carolyn Maloney, a New York Democrat, and with representatives from the International Monetary Fund, nonprofit organizations.
		The Huaorani women have recently organized themselves into a group, the Association of the Huaorani Women of the Ecuadorian Amazon (AMWAE), in opposition to oil development because of their frustration with the lack of success in stopping the oil companies.
	www.ens-newswire.com /ens/may2005/2005-05-17-01.asp (912 words)

	BIO: The Equador Martyrs (Site not responding. Last check: )
		They had one language resource, a Huaorani girl, Dayuma, who had fled from her tribe years earlier after her family was killed in a dispute, who was now living with Nate's sister Rachel, and who spoke both Huao and Quechua.
		Soon the Huaorani were responding with gifts of their own tied to the line: a woven headband, carved wooden combs, two live parrots, cooked fish, parcels of peanuts, a piece of smoked monkey tail....
		After some discussion, they decided to carry guns, having heard that the Huaorani never attacked anyone who was carrying a gun, and having resolved that they would, as a last resort, fire the guns into the air to ward off an attack, but would shoot no-one, even to save their own lives.
	www.hillsdale.edu /Personal/Westblade/REL/Biography/01/08.html (1294 words)

	Jacek Palkiewicz :: traveler, explorer
		They taught the Huaorani it was shameful to walk around naked as they were accustomed, making them ashamed of their traditions and lifestyle.
		Huaoranis were lured to live in fixed areas (reservations) where the missionaries built houses and schools, thus destroying their nomadic lifestyle, and disrupting their social structure.
		Huaorani women are very strong and independent, and I have even met a few Huaorani men that were left by their wives.
	www.palkiewicz.com /ekspedycje/index.php?p=huaorani (1815 words)

	Global Adrenaline :: Latin America :: Ecuador :: Amazon Headwaters with the Huaorani
		Numbering approximately 1,200 individuals, the Huaorani continue to maintain a largely traditional lifestyle, based in the rainforests of the headwaters of the Amazon.
		Each visitor pays a fee to the community and the Huaorani Federation, and the local inhabitants, remunerated for their work in the operation, are trained in all of the different areas relating to socially and ecologically responsible tourism: guidance, restaurant operations, maintenance, proper waste disposal methods and logistics.
		Moi believes that ecotourism is a means by which his people can receive an income while maintaining the integrity of Huaorani culture and conserving their rainforest territory, thus enhancing the sustainability of their lifestyles and cultures and encouraging their efforts to resist the more destructive initiatives of the oil industry.
	www.globaladrenaline.com /latinamerica/ecuador/trip2 (1383 words)

	Ecuador: The Huaorani People of the Amazonia, self-isolation and forced contact
		Huaorani culture and society is shaped by their will to self-isolation.
		For the last sixty years, Huaorani history has unfolded in response to oil development, although it is only recently (in 1994) that oil has been commercially extracted from their land.
		The Huaorani mentioned the Taromenani (literally the giant people living at the end of the path) to me several times, but the descriptions of these ‘similar but different’ people were so extraordinary that I assimilated them to the vast category of fantastic beings that are said to people the forest.
	www.wrm.org.uy /bulletin/87/Ecuador.html (1870 words)

	Trekking Through History; The Huaorani of Amazonian Ecuador; Laura M. Rival
		The Huaorani of Ecuador lived as hunters and gatherers in the Amazonian rainforest for hundred of years, largely undisturbed by western civilization.
		Her critical reappraisal of the notions of agricultural regression and cultural devolution challenges the universal application of the thesis that marginal tribes of the Amazon Basin represent devolved populations who have lost their knowledge of agriculture.
		Laura Rival is Lecturer in Anthropology at the University of Oxford.
	www.columbia.edu /cu/cup/catalog/data/023111/0231118449.HTM (342 words)

	Huaorani Kayak Expedition, Ecuador Adventure tours, South America travel
		All the rivers that are born on the volcanoes on the eastern slopes of the Andes travel about 5000 miles to the Atlantic Ocean through the Amazon river and its tributaries.
		The Huaorani have inhabited the headwaters of the Amazon for millennia.
		We will have the opportunity to learn more about the Huaorani's practical and spiritual relationship with their rainforest environment, learn about traditional plants, their use in the community, medicinal techniques and the very important interaction in nature between insects, animals and plants.
	www.latinamericanescapes.com /Trip131.htm (1803 words)

	PEOPLE OF THE PATH - AMAZON DOCUMENTARY
		It was only when the nine Huaorani men returned to the oil road carrying with them the decapitated head of the tribe's chief did the outside world finally have to accept that the Taromenani were real.
		Huaorani elders speak of a warrior tribe even more savage than they had been who lived in the shadows of the forest farther downriver.
		The Huaorani would always deny involvement and some suggested the attacks were proof that the Taromenani were still alive, living alone and hiding in forest as they have for centuries.
	www.peopleofthepath.com /NewPath-TARO1.htm (346 words)

	Hati Justice Page
		The Huaorani feel that thier territory has been "given away" by the Ecuadorian Government in the name of national interests to a company that expresses no respect for the Huaorani's culture, history, people and more importantly their land.
		Huaorani existence, however, is threatened by the continual destruction of their land and waters, disease and the colonization by an estimated 250,000 immigrants who have followed the oil roads into the Oriente.
		Because the Huaorani are such a small group with virtually no political or economic power, they must use conflict to their advantage by drawing on a wide range of people and organizations, national and international.
	www.umich.edu /~snre492/paul.html (2514 words)

	Indigenous Peoples of the World - The Huaorani
		It sheds light on the Huaorani themselves and also on some of the forces that are familiar to us, but which have yet to play out in many parts of the world and threaten indigenous human populations they way they have threatened the Huaorani - and continue to do so.
		The missionaries and the Ecuadorian government agreed to relocate as many Huaorani as possible away from the drilling areas to the missions that had been established in the previous ten years.
		To the extent that the contacted Huaorani have a unified voice regarding the threats to their livelihood, it is through the Organization of the Huaorani Nation of the Ecuadorian Amazon (ONHAE).
	www.peoplesoftheworld.org /text?people=Huaorani (1278 words)

	Huaorani, Ecuador
		The Huaorani, once known as Aucas or “warring savages”, are a remote tribe of Amazonian Indians which remained untouched by western civilisation until the end of the 1950’s.
		The remainder of the Huaorani are located in the basins of the Cononaco and Shiripuno rivers.
		Until recently, the Huaorani’s reputation for being a ferociously independent group –hostile to outside intrusions and willing to resort to violence to defend their territory - was only equalled by their Shuar neighbours to the south.
	www.tribes.co.uk /countries/ecuador/indigenous/huaorani (360 words)

	Amazon Headwaters tour with the Huaorani. World's best responsible & ecotourism holidays
		The Huaorani people have inhabited the headwaters of the Amazon for millennia and lived as hunters and gatherers until the end of the 1950's.
		A fee is paid per visitor to the community and the Huaorani We also donate to the community the 10% of the sales of our tour operator.
		Huaorani leader, Moi Enomenga, believes that ecotourism is a means by which his people can receive an income whilst maintaining the integrity of Huaorani culture and conserving their rainforest territory.
	www.responsibletravel.com /Trip/Trip100635.htm (791 words)

	what are we reading?
		On a recent class trip to Ecuador's Oriente, we were able to visit a Huaorani settlement in the Yasuni National Park.
		Across the street (a completely foreign phrase for the Huaorani before oil was discovered and drilled on their land) from the settlement, acres of rain forest was felled for even more drilling.
		Between that meeting and the end of the book, the Huaorani were given title to a large area of land in Yasuni only to have it thrown open for oil exploration, something they tried to stop.
	www.archidose.org /books/savages.html (447 words)

	Ecuador Amazon
		Huaorani leader, Moi Enomenga, made famous by articles in the New Yorker magazine that told about the Huaorani and their struggle against oil companies and for his appearance as the main character in the book Savages by Joe Kane.
		Visitors thus experience and learn about the Huaorani culture and their close relationship with the forest, with the possibility of observing Amazon wildlife in the hikes and different activities, and receive a conservationist interpretation of the ecology and actual situation of the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest.
		We believe its important that on the last day you witness first hand the nature threats to the Huaorani and we hope your experience will motivate you to continue to be involved in the struggle for their survival.
	www.nkf-mt.org.uk /ecuador.huaorani.amazon.experience.htm (912 words)

	Amazon Rainforest Tours and Travel \| The Huaorani People of the Ecuador Amazon \| Southern Explorations
		The Huaorani hold animist religious views, believing their forest world is inhabited by spirits, and that the Huaorani originally descended from the union of a jaguar and an eagle.
		Huaorani means "humans" or "people." They believe that their shamans have the power to take the form of jaguars.
		While some Huaorani communities such as the Tagaeri still have no contact with the outside world, other communities welcome eco-tourists, for the revenue, for the opportunity to tell their story and to educate the cowode about life in the rainforest.
	www.southernexplorations.com /articleAmazonEcuadorHuaorani.htm (676 words)

	Nate Saint and Other Martyrs of the Ecuador Mission
		They had one language resource, a Huaorani girl, Dayuma, who had fled from her tribe years earlier after her family was killed in a dispute, who was now living with Nate's sister Rachel, and who spoke both Huao and Quechua.
		Soon the Huaorani were responding with gifts of their own tied to the line: a woven headband, carved wooden combs, two live parrots, cooked fish, parcels of peanuts, a piece of smoked monkey tail....
		After some discussion, they decided to carry guns, having heard that the Huaorani never attacked anyone who was carrying a gun, and having resolved that they would, as a last resort, fire the guns into the air to ward off an attack, but would shoot no-one, even to save their own lives.
	justus.anglican.org /resources/bio/74.html (1326 words)

	Ecuador, community based ecotourism, Tropic journeys in nature, Amazon Headwaters with the Huaorani
		One Huaorani leader, Moi Enomenga, was made famous by articles in the New Yorker magazine that publicized the Huaorani and their struggle against oil companies.
		Visitors will experience and learn about the Huaorani culture and their close relationship with the forest, with the possibility of observing Amazon wildlife on the hikes and n different activities, and will receive a conservationist interpretation of the ecology and actual situation of the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest.
		We believe it is important that on the last day you witness first hand the nature of the threats to the Huaorani and we hope your experience will motivate you to continue to be involved in the struggle for their survival.
	www.tropiceco.com /journeys/special/huaorani-community-tour.html (1517 words)

	Ecuador Holidays - Native community exploration: Huaorani deep in the rainforest of Ecuador - Quehueri - Ecuador
		The Huaorani people have inhabited the headwaters of the Amazon for millennia and lived as hunters and gatherers, entirely without contact with outsiders right up until the end of the 1950's.
		We have established a close relationship with the Huaorani and under their complete control and with our guidance we have developed a joint programme to bring visitors to the territory of one of their communities on the upper Shiripuno river.
		A fee is paid per visitor to the community and the Huaorani Federation, and the local inhabitants, remunerated for their work in the operation, are trained in all the different areas related to socially and ecologically responsible tourism: guidance, restaurant, maintenance, proper waste disposal methods, logistics.
	www.condorjourneys-adventures.com /ecuador_jungle.asp (1056 words)

	Sacred Earth Ecuador Amazon Adventure Eco-Travel (Site not responding. Last check: )
		TROPIC Ecological Adventures has established a close relationship with the Huaorani and under their complete control and with our guidance we have developed a joint program to bring visitors to the territory of one of their communities on the upper Shiripuno river.
		A fee is paid per visitor to the community and the Huaorani Federation, and the local inhabitants, remunerated for their work in the operation, are trained in all the different areas related to socially and ecologically responsible tourism: guidance, restaurant, maintenance, proper waste disposal methods, logistics.
		Visitors will thus experience and learn about the Huaorani culture and their close relationship with the forest, they will have the opportunity of observing Amazon wildlife on the hikes and during different activities, and they will receive a conservationist's interpretation of the ecology and actual situation of the Ecuadorian Amazon rainforest.
	www.sacredearth.com /travel_info/features/tropic/huaorani.php (971 words)

	Operation Auca and contributions to culture. Operation Auca highlights. Andes culture and attractions
		The Huaorani, also known as the Aucas (the Quechua word for "naked ones", later carried the connotation "savages"), were an isolated tribe known for their violence, against both their own people and outsiders who entered their territory.
		Because of the martyrdom of her brother, Saint considered herself spiritually bonded to the Huaorani, believing that what she saw as his sacrifice for the Huaorani was symbolic of Christ's death for the salvation of humanity.
		The first Huaorani to settle there were primarily women and children from a Huaorani group called the Guiquetairi, but in 1968 an enemy Huaorani band known as the Baihuari joined them.
	www.mundoandino.com /Ecuador/Operation-Auca (3543 words)

	ENTRIX Environmental Consultants, Project
		Through frequent meetings and workshops conducted by ENTRIX’s personnel, and collaboration among the Huaorani Nationality Organization of the Ecuadorian Amazon (ONHAE), Repsol-YPF, and the Huaorani population, the needs of the communities were identified and yearly plans to address them were devised.
		Houses that reflect typical Huaorani dwellings are being built and schools are being established.
		Huaorani teachers are being trained in Spanish as well as in their native language.
	www.entrix.com /projects/project.aspx?id=80 (504 words)

	Huaorani Ecolodge
		The Huaorani Ecolodge is situated in terra firma rainforest an hour walk from the community of Quehueri’ono in the northwestern part of the Huaorani’s territory in the Ecuadorian Amazon.
		The Huaorani were involved in the construction of the lodge and are the predominant employees.
		There is also an opportunity to learn about the secrets of survival in the rainforest with an experienced Huaorani hunter, and to visit and interact with the community, perhaps even sharing a bowl of chucula (a sweet drink made of ripe bananas) with one of the families.
	www.tribes.co.uk /countries/ecuador/accommodation/huaorani_ecolodge_amazon (396 words)

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